Libro Blanco Vol I en Ingles

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TOWARDS A NATIONAL INNOVATION STRATEGY FOR COMPETITIVENESSVOLUME 1contributing to making the acquired competencies visible and to decreasing information asymmetries, for example, between education centresand students, and between companies and their workers. This would also lead to matching and adapting the formation of human capital to facethe country's current and future needs, especially promoting those competencies that will be determinant for the development of certainstrategic sectors. Consequently, we propose:A.2 The creation of competence standards both for higher education and also for training, and the definition and implementation ofeducation and training accreditation systems based on given standards, and in relation to market changes and the signals put forward from thepoint of view of the strategy adopted by the Government.The ratio between professionals and technicians in Chile at present is 11 to 1, unlike the one existing in developed countries, due to theundervaluation of the returns on technical education (information asymmetry) and the fact that public financing for higher technical educationhas only recently been increased. Innovation requires greater flexibility in the formation of human capital, and it should also includeintermediate levels - a situation that does not exist in Chile at present. To meet this necessity, it is necessary to guarantee quality throughcompetence standards and prioritization by areas of higher relevance for the development of the Innovation Strategy. Thus, we put forward thefollowing line of action in the formation of human capital:A.3 Fostering higher technical education, guaranteeing quality and pertinence according to the requirements of the strategy adopted bythe government and coherence with the training systems, considering the revision of public and private financing mechanisms in order toprovide the expansion of the coverage required in this area.Investment in highly specialized human capital is an investment that brings about high yields for the country. Private investment in thearea of post-graduate studies faces pertinence deficiencies and information asymmetry closely related to the creation of knowledge, andtherefore it takes place at sub-optimal levels. All the above leaves room for the intervention of the public sector for the sake of innovation,which is why we put forward another line of action:A.4 Promotion of the formation of highly specialized human capital, especially through the support to post-graduate studies ininstitutions of excellence, defined on the basis of international standards, and on the basis of the demand arising from the existing gaps in theareas and sectors of greater potential for the country. Additionally, it considers the creation of immigration policies that allow domestichuman capital to be complemented in the areas found lacking.B. Science (R + D)119
TOWARDS A NATIONAL INNOVATION STRATEGY FOR COMPETITIVENESSVOLUME 1Objective:To promote the development of science as one of the bases of innovation, emphasising scientific research mainly applied totechnological development or focused on providing answers to production problems, especially those that are linked to the sectors where weare or should be competitive today, and those where there is a positive relationship between its potential and the effort required in order todevelop it.Lines of action:Chile must increase its research and development activities and, given their strategic relevance, both State and private companies shouldsupport them. Furthermore, the creation of knowledge, be it aimed or not at productive activities, increases the capacity to adapt knowledgecreated by others. This is why the key lines of action of this strategy proposal include:B.1 Increase of public support for basic and applied scientific and technological activity, with special though not exclusive emphasis oninitiatives proposed by production sectors (demand-driven), thus leveraging private spending.Additionally, an increased scientific activity assumes the creation of a critical mass of researchers who increase their productivity andharness network synergies. In effect, this concentration of researchers would increase spending efficiency and would decrease the transactioncosts with the business world, and also with other national and international groups that could mutually benefit from increased interaction.Consequently, the Council would like to propose the following line of action:B.2 Support for the development of scientific and technological centres of excellence integrated into national and internationalnetworks, for the formation of progressive human capital, the creation of new knowledge, linkage with productive sectors and supporting theactivities of other groups of researchers in the country. This support must be organized based on a system that would link public financing ofthe potentials and current scientific and technological centres, guaranteeing their excellence and promoting their links with the areas ofinteresting for the strategy adopted by the government.120
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Libro Blanco Vol I en Ingles

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