Reformed Presbyterian Minutes of Synod 1927 - Rparchives.org

Stun iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiwiinfa WM i n u t e s o f t h e S y n o dOf theREFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHOF NORTHAMERICAChristian Temple, Winona Lake, IndianaSESSION XCVIIIWINONA LAKE, INDIANA, JUNE 8-14, 1927For Sale by James S. Tibby, 209 Ninth StreetPittsburgh, PennsylvaniaPrice, 50 centsui£j

FOREIGN MISSIONARIES OF THE REFORMED PRES­BYTERIAN CHURCH OF NORTHAMERICALatakia, Syria—A. J. McFarand, D. D., and wife; Chester T. Hutcheson andwife; Miss Maggie B. Edgar; Miss Elizabeth McElroy;Miss Reah J. McElroy.On furlough—Mrs. J. M. Balph; R. Esmond Smith, M. D.,and wife; Miss Lillian F. Cunningham, R. N.Mersina, Asia Minor—Miss F. Elma French.Larnaca, Cyprus—R. W. Hemphill; Robert Z. Willson; Clyde A. Redpath.On furlough—Licentiate W. Wilbur Weir and wife.Nicosia, Cyprus—Rev. Cloyd E. Caskey and wife; Calvin McCarroll, M. D.,and wife; Miss Blanche McCrea; Miss Mabel J. Henderson.On furlough—Miss Lola Weir.Tak Hing, West River, South China—Rev. E. C. Mitchell and wife; M. Edna Wallace, M. D.; MissPearl Weeks.Cheung Chau, via Hong Kong, South China—James M. Wright, M. D., and wife.Lo Ting, via Canton, South China—Rev. W. M. Robb and wife; E. J. M. Dickson, M. D., andwife; Miss Jennie M. Dean.On furlough—Rev. Julius A. Kempf and wife; Miss AliceRobb.Extended furlough, account trouble in China—Rev. R. C. Adams and wife; Rev. Jesse C. Mitchel and wife;Miss Mary R. Adams; Miss Lillian L. McCracken; MissRose A. Huston; Miss Ella Margaret Stewart.On Leave of Absence—Miss Jean M. Barr, Hospital of the Good Shepherd, Syracuse,New York.News-Herald Printery, Morning Sun, Iowa

INDEXAPageAcademy—Knox at Selma 68Address—J. C. Breckenridge, Winona Assembly 48Samuel Edgar, Memorial service 1A. C. Gregg, Fraternal Delegate Scotch Synod 48J. L. McLaughlin, American Bible Society 20R. W. Redpath, Near East Relief 49Adjournment 139Advisory Council American Bible Society 7Near East Relief 7, 49Aged Ministers' Fund 110Aged People's Home 14Alternate—Moderator's 138American Bible Society Representative 20Appendix 144Apportionment of Budget to Presbyteries 41To Schemes of the Church 40Appropriations to Aid-receiving Congregations 37Arrangements for next Synod 137Attendance record 1Summary 4Attitude toward War, Christian 95, 144Auditors' reports—Accts., Mrs. Agnes E. Steele __ 131Accounts Joseph M. Steele 125Accounts James S. Tibby 117BBalph, Dr. James M.—Memorial 141Bequests 105Form of 183Bible Reading 62Bills Payable 105Boards—Reports—Church Erection 7, 131Control 7, 132Corporators of Geneva College 37, 78Foreign Missions 7, 52Home Missions 7, 66Jewish Mission 7, 73Superintendents of Theological Seminary 20, 90Trustees of Geneva College 20, 79Trustees of Synod 7, 105Book of Discipline Revision 8Budget 40Apportionment to Presbyteries 41To Schemes of the Church 40Treasurer's report 109Buildings—Value of , 107

CCameron's Sword 93Carnations from Women's Synodical 48Central Canada Presbytery report 21Roster 1°4Statistical table 189Children's Hand Book 7, 133China Commission Minutes 18Organization of Presbytery 1°Presbytery report 21RosterI84Work in 54Christian Attitude toward War 95, 144Christian Nation—Financial Statement 41Church Erection Board Report 131Treasurer's Report 127Clerk's Report 5Collection—Special for Deficit 41For Synod expenses 57On Synod Sabbath 57Colorado Presbytery Report 22Roster ' 184Statistical table 189Combining Christian Nation and Olive Trees 105Committees—Presbyterial Records _ 36Standing 96Synod's 8Communication from Conference on Faith and Order 19, 46From Lord's Day Alliance 19From Ohio Presbytery 16, 95Comparative Report—Mission Funds 124Conference on Faith and Order 46Congregations not represented 4Constitution of Court 1Control, Board of 132Co-ordinating Committee Report 40Corporators of Geneva College report 37, 78Correction 1926 Minutes 5Coulter, A. C.—Memorial 143Courtesies of the floor—Dr. Marquis 31Cov. Members Board of Directors N. R. Assn ^_ 20Cyprus—Work in 53DDeaths of ministers : 6Deficit—Collection for 41Devotional Exercises 4Digest Deliverances of Synod 8Directory—Boards, Committees, etc. 181Womans' Synodical 199

Dill, J. R.—Memorial 142Discipline Committee report 95Divine Healing, Report on 20,30,92EEdgar, George A.—Memorial 140Elders' Conference report 133Election of Officers 4Endowment funds 107Evangelistic Committee report 99Treasurer's report 115FFast Day appointment 103Finance Committee report 104Financial report N. R. Association ._ 62Statement Christian Nation 41Foreign Board report 52Treasurer's report 118Foreign Missions Committee report 50Form of Bequest 183Forward Movement—Committee report 96Secretary's report — 31Treasurer's report . 115Fraternal Delegate from Scotch Synod 4, 36To Christian Reformed Synod 95To Scotch and Irish Synods 57Fresno request to canvass church 39GGeneva College—Committee report 48, 76Corporators report 78Treasurer's report 115Trustees report 79Greek Baptism 31, 95Greetings from Pre-Synodic 31To Women's Synodical 20Gregg, A. C.—Fraternal delegate 4, 36HHand Book for Children 133Historical Materials 8Part Testimony 8History of Ministry 8Home for Aged 14Treasurer's report 129Home Mission Board report 66Committee report 65Conference report 37Treasurer's report 113Hours of meeting 4

IIllinois Presbytery report 22Roster 184Statistical 190Increasing pastors' salaries 104Indian Mission 70Treasurer's report 113International Relations Committee report 86Iowa Presbytery report 23Roster 185Statistical 190JJewish Mission Board report 7, 73Treasurer's report 127Judicial Commission report 93Jury Service Committee report 94KKansas Presbytery report 24Roster 185Statistical 191Khouri, Anthony J.—Memorial 140Knox Academy 68LLetter from Joseph M. Steele 19Presbyterian Church in Canada 4Letters of sympathy • 95To write 138Letter to Commission in Levant 75New congregations in Cyprus 75New Presbytery in China 75President Coolidge 14, 96Levant Mission Treasurer's report 118Licensure—Frank H. Lathom 29Johannes G. Vos 27Literary Fund Treasurer's report 128Lord's Day Alliance representative 138MManses—How report 39McKnight, R. J. G.—Fraternal delegate 57Memorial Address 1Building—Treasurer's report 112From Pittsburgh Presbytery 104, 144Rochester Presbytery 64Sterling 31, 77Of Patrick Hamilton 48Service 1

Memorials—Dr. J. M. Balph 141A. C. Coulter 143J. R. Dill 142George A. Edgar 140Anthony J. Khouri 140Mersine—Work in 53Ministers absent 4Death of 6Ministry—History of 8Minutes Commission in China 18Commission in Levant 16Correction 1926 : 5Printing and Sale 129Mission Conference 37Fields abroad—Statistics 197Funds—Comparative report 124Study Books 56Moderator's Alternate 138Sermon 1Requested for publication 57Montclair—Permission to canvass church 39NNational Reform Committee report 57Cov. Members Board of Directors report 59Financial report of Association 62Near East Relief Advisory Committee 49Representative 49Next meeting—Time and place 136New York Presbytery report 25Resolution 64Roster 185Statistical 192Nominations—Committee report 137OOfficers of Synod 4, 181Women's Synodical 199Ohio Presbytery report 26Roster 186Statistical 193Olive Trees—Treasurer's report 117To combine with Christian Nation 105Ordination—Paul D. McCracken 28Overture 63PPacific Coast Presbytery report 27Roster 186Statistical 193Paper from Rochester Presbytery 36

Patrick Hamilton Memorial 48Permanent Committee on International Relations 86Sabbath Schools 42Petition from Rehoboth, Pa., Session 36Philadelphia Presbytery report 27Roster 187Statistical table 196Pittsburgh Presbytery 28Roster 186Statistical table 194Place of next meeting : 136Presbyterial Records—report committees 86Presbyteries—Reports 20Central Canada 21China 21Colorado 22Illinois 22Iowa 23Kansas 24New York 25Ohio 26Pacific Coast 27Philadelphia 27Pittsburgh28 'Rochester 30Presbytery in China organized 18Presidents of L. M. Societies 199Pre-Synodic Conference 33Printing and Sale 1926 Minutes 129Program of action—N. R. Association 60Psalmody 43QQuestion as to Traveling Fund 16, 95RReal Estate 107Records of Presbyteries 80Regular Committees 8Request from Fresno congregation 39Illinois Presbytery 35 95Montclair congregation ' 39Resignation—D. H. Elliott 34R. A. M. Steele 49Resolution—Day of Prayer for Theological students 20From New York Presbytery 54From Pittsburgh Presbytery 37On attending own Seminary 90On ministers and suppliesg4On Patrick Hamilton Memorial 48

Retiring Moderator^ sermon 1Requested for publication 57Revision Book of Discipline 8Historical Part Testimony 8Rochester Presbytery Memorial 64Report 30Roster 188Statistical table 196Roll of Co-ordinating Committee 40Of members for 50 years 64Of Synod 1Roster of Presbyteries 185SSabbath Schools—Committee Report 42Sale of 1926 Minutes 129Schemes of Church in Budget 40Secretary Forward Movement report 31Seminary Board Report 90Committee report 89Treasurer's report 111Sermon Retiring Moderator 1Requested for publication 57Signs of the Times 100Southern Mission report 68Treasurer's report 112Special collection for deficit in Budget 41Standing Committees 96Stated Clerk's report 134Steele, Joseph M.—Treasurer's report 118R. A. M.'s. Work 99Resignation 49Student's Aid Fund 110Study Books—Mission — -_ 56Summary—Accounts Treasurer Steele 126Attendance 4Statistics of Presbyteries 198Women's Synodical 207Supts. Theological Seminary report 90Supplies—-Committee report 136Sword—Richard Cameron's 93Sympathy—Letters of 138Synodical collection 57Synod's Board of Trustees report 105Members elected 104Treasurer's report 107Syrian Commission revived 16Minutes of 16Syria—Work in 53

TTemperance Committee report 12Treasurer's report 110Testimony—Historical Part 8Thanksgiving Day appointed 103Thanks—Resolution of 139Theological Seminary—Board of Supts. 90Committee report 89Treasurer's report 111Tibby, J. S.—Treasurer's report 107Time and Place of meeting . 136Transfer title College property 8Traveling Fund—Payment by Mission Stations 95Per capita reduced 139Report Committee on 135Treasurer's report—Foreign Missions 118Jewish Mission 127Literary Fund 128Olive Trees 117Synod's Board of Trustees 107Woman's Association 14Trustees Geneva College report 79Synod's Board of 105UUnfinished Business—Items 1-3 7Items 4-10 8Items 11-15 19Items 16 20,30,92Items 17-20 93Items 21-22 94Items 23-26 95Items 27-31 138VVote of Appreciation of Officers 139. Of services of T. M. Slater 65Of O. F. Thompson 65On Overture 6 63WWidows and Orphans FundmWitness Committee report 9On Conference on Faith and Order 46Treasurer's report 114Women's Association report 14Treasurer's report 129Women's Synodical Directory 199Statistical table 203 207YYoung People's Work 32

THE REV. WALTER McCARROLL, D. D.Pastor Second ChurchNew York CityMODERATOR SYNOD 1927

Minutes of the SynodOF THE REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHOF NORTH AMERICASESSION XCVIIIAll Sessions of the Synod were Held in theChristian Temple, Winona Lake, Indiana.WEDNESDAY AFTERNOON, JUNE 8, 1927.The Synod of the Reformed Presbyterian Church ofNorth America met pursuant to adjournment at WinonaLake, Indiana, at 2:00 p. m. on the above date, and was openedwith a sermon by the retiring Moderator, R. C. Reed, onthe words, "Who is sufficient for these things?" II Corinthians2:16, after which he constituted the Synod withprayer.In accordance with the action of last year, Synod observeda memorial hour in remembrance of those who hadpassed away during the year. A memoir of A. J. Khouriwas read by J. S. Stewart; that for Dr. J. M. Balph, preparedby A. J. McFarland, was read by the Clerk; that forG. A. Edgar, prepared by J. G. Reed, was read by WalterMcCarroll. Memorials were also read for J. R. Dill by J. C.McFeeters, and for A. C. Coulter by J. B. Willson. Thememorial address was delivered by Samuel Edgar.R. W. Redpath was chosen Assistant Clerk pro tem.The roll was completed, called and is as follows:ROLLAttend. RecordMinistersT—TardyElders Congregation X—ExcusedAdams, R. C Cache Creek *******Allen, F. E Hopkinton *******Anderson, J. W Allegheny _ ******Andrews, Alex Blanchard *******

MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEBaird, J. P Sharon *******Blair, R. A Parnassus *******Bole, Robt. J 2nd New York ******Burns, W. J Almonte *******Calderwood, David Seattle *******Calderwood, J. C East End *******Carithers, Jno. L Princeton *******Carithers, W. W Honor Roll * * * *Carson, A. A Greeley *******Carson, M. K Sparta *******Carson, Wm. A York *******Clarke, Robert Geneva College *******Coleman, J. M Witness Work *******Coleman, John Geneva College *******Coleman, Paul Kansas City *******Coleman, W. J Witness Work *******Conner, S. G Without Charge ******Crawford, W. J Beulah *******Crooks, E. A New Castle *******Edgar, J. D Los Angeles *******Edgar, Samuel Santa Ana * * * * X * *Elliott, D. H Pittsburgh *******Elsey, E. M Cincinnati *******Faris, Isaiah Without Charge *******Ferguson, W. 0 Denison *******Finley, C. M Old Bethel *******Fleming, Joseph Seattle *******Foster, F. M. 3rd New York *******Foster, H. G Bellefontaine *******Foster, J. M 2nd Boston *******Fulton, W. S Without Charge *******Gault, John K Bear Run & Mhng. ___ * * T *Greer, C. K Hopkinton ***** *xGreer, S. E 1st Philadelphia ***** T*Hayes, R. H Sparta *******Huheey, J. E Orlando *******Hunter, Elfry Bloomington ******Jameson, M. R Olathe *******Johnston, J. M Connellsville *******Kempf, J. A Mission in China *******Kilpatrick, A Without Charge ******Kingston, S. F Without Charge *******Martin, D. B Sharon *******Martin, J. S Geneva College ******Martin, R. H Sabbath Reform * T*Martin, R. J Clarinda *******Marvin, W. R Los Angeles *******Mathews, D. CMathews, McBurney, Mitchel, Mitchell, McAlister, McAnlis, J. Jas. J. G. J. C Richard C R T D ;GreeleyPrinceton Without Topeka Rehoboth, Southfield College Charge Hill Pa.**************

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHMcBurney, J. H Millers Run * ** * * * *McBurney, W. J Orlando * *McCarroll, Walter 2nd New York * *McConaughy, H. G Lake Reno *******McCracken, Paul D Rose Point *******McDonald, P. J Chicago *******McElhinney, J. G Denver *******McFall, Thomas Cornwallis ********McFeeters, J. C Without Charge *******Mclsaac, R. J Southern Mission * * * * * * *McKelvey, J. Thos Belle Center * *** * * *McKelvey, S. R Winnipeg* * * *McKnight, E. L Allegheny * ** * * * *McKnight, R. E Mercer ******** * * * *McKnight, R. J. G SeminaryMcKnight, T. C New ConcordMcKnight, W. J 1st BostonMcLaury, G. G Coldenham *******McLean, J. A Northwood * * * * *McMillan, M. S Clarinda ************McMullen, J. R 1st Philadelphia ****** xMcNeel, W. M.__- York ******* * * * * *Park, Robert Geneva College * * * *Patterson, H. G Morning Sun *Pearce, M. M Geneva College ** *Potts, J. A Cincinnati *Pritchard, J. H White Lake *Reade, F. F Winnipeg *Redpath, R. W College Hill * * *Reed, J. GNew GallileeReed, R. CCentral Allegheny ___*** 0 O * ORobb, G. M Bloomington *******Robb, W. G Old Bethel *******Ross, Walter 1st Boston ******* * * * * *Russell, D. B Utica * * * T* * * * *Russell, E. G Syracuse * * * * * * *Russell, W. A Central Allegheny ___******** * * * *Rutherford, J. M Almonte ******** * * * *Sanderson, W. J Belle Center & N. — ******** * * * *Slater, J. C Geneva * * * * *Slater, T. M Montclair *******Snair, W. ASterlingSteele, G. RSterling* * *Steele, J. R Geneva *Steele, S. M New Alexandria *Sterrett, S. A Union *Stevenson, J. R. W Hebron *Taggart, Thompson, Stewart, Torrens, Tibby, Frank J. D. James W. O. S R K. T. F M L K Chicago Topeka 2nd Without Mercer Blanchard Pittsburgh Philadelphia Charge ******* * * * *

MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEWhite, A. J Winchester *******White, Boyd A Walton *******White, Paul D Eskridge *******Willson, J. B Wilkinsburg *******Willson, Oliver Morning Sun *******Wills, S. R Wilkinsburg *******Wilson, F. M. 3rd Philadelphia *******Wilson, S. L New Castle *******Wright, John L Denison *******Wylie, A. A East End ******* * * * * *Wylie, J. M Oakdale ******** * * * *Wylie, Ministers J. R present, 84; Without elders, 41; Charge total, 125. * * Congregationsrepresented Wylie, R. C by both minister Seminary and elder, 35; by minister * * alone,28; by elder alone, 6; total, 69.Ministers absent: W. A. Aikin, W. C. Allen, J. W. F.Carlisle, Chas. T. Carson, C. E. Caskey, Geo. S. Coleman, S. J.Crowe, J. F. Crozier, J. W. Dill, C. A. Dodds, W. M. Doig, D. B.Elsey, F. D. Frazer, J. B. Gilmore, G. N. Greer, R. Hargrave,A. A. Johnston, J. R. Latimer, W. C. McClurkin, R. S. McElhinney,T. A. McElwain, A. J. McFarland, Wm.' McFarland, J. S.McGaw, H. B. McMillan, E C. Mitchell, E. K. Patton, J. L. Pinkerton,R. W. Piper, A. I. Robb, J. K. Robb, W. M. Robb, B. M.Sharp, A. W. Smith, T. C. Sproull, A. M. Thompson, J. S. Thompson,J. B. Tweed. Total 38.Congregations not represented: Barnet, Beaver Falls,Bovina, Brookland, Cambridge, Delbourne, Fresno, Hemet,Hetherton, LaJunta, Lisbon, Lochiel, Newburg, North Union,Portland, Quinter, Ray, Regina, Rehoboth, la., Stafford, Syracuse,Walter Vernon, McCarroll Washington, was Youngstown. unanimously Total chosen 24. Moderatorby acclamation. D. C. Mathews and T. C. McKnight werereelected Clerk and Assistant Clerk respectively. R. W.Redpath was continued as Assistant Clerk until the arrivalof Mr. McKnight.The certificate of A. C. Gregg as fraternal delegatefrom the Synod of the Reformed Presbyterian Church ofScotland was received.The hours of meeting were fixed from 9:00 to 12:00a. m., and 2:00 to 5:00 p. m. The program of DevotionalExercises appearing in the Docket was approved.Presbyteries were granted leave to sit during the intervalsof Synod.A letter from the General Assembly of the PresbyterianChurch of Canada was read and referred for answer to

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHa special committee to be named by the Committee onNominations.Synod adjourned till tomorrow morning at nine o'clock,prayer by P. J. McDonald.THURSDAY FORENOON, JUNE 9, 1927.Synod met according to adjournment, was called to orderby the Moderator, and constituted with prayer by F. M.Foster. The roll was called.Devotional exercises were conducted by J. D. Edgar.The minutes of the previous session were read and approved.The Clerk's report was read and taken up item by item.The report was adopted as a whole and is as follows:CLERK'S REPORTThe Clerk would respectfully report:The Minutes of the last Synod and the Docket for thisSynod were published as usual, one thousand copies of theformer and four hundred of the latter. The printing was doneby J. K. Latta, of Morning Sun, Iowa, and shows the usual excellenceof his work. The one thing which he lacks is speed.It seems impossible for him to complete the work before the latterpart of August.In the judgment of the Clerk, this time of issue works noserious detriment to the church. Most of our congregations arejust resuming their greatest activity at that time of year, afterthe slackening of the vacation season, and the congregations arenot dependent on the Minutes to learn their budget obligations,since these are published in the Christian Nation long before itwould be possible under the most favorable conditions to issuethe Minutes.The Clerk has not been able to discover anything in thebody of the Minutes calling for correction. In the Roster ofNew York Presbytery, the initials of the pastor of SecondBoston should be J. M. instead of F. M. An omission from thereport of York congregation of the number of baptised, notprofessors, 20, was reported to the Clerk some time after theMinutes had been published. The" Clerk has no way of supplyingsuch omissions in the statistical tables of the Presbyteries.The only real correction required in the Minutes for the yearis the change of one initial, and the volume is remarkably freefrom the usual slight typographical errors. The volume is afine specimen of the printer's art.The Docket is uniform in style and plan with those of previousyears, and is for sale at ten cents a copy, no free copies.Members are urged to send these home for souvenirs, and warn-

MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEed to secure their copies early, for the edition has been exhaustedthe last two years, and some were disappointed who delayedtoo long in getting their supply.The names of A. J. Khouri of Pittsburgh Presbytery and ofGeorge A. Edgar of Illinois Presbytery have been removed fromour roll by death. The name of Paul D. McCracken has beenadded, he having been ordained at Rose Point, by PittsburghPresbytery, July 7, 1926.As directed by Synod, the Moderator prepared and theClerk forwarded a message of greeting to the Young People'sSynodical Conference which met at Winona Lake last summer.The message to our brethren in China, included in the report ofthe Committee on Foreign Missions of last Synod, was transcribedand duly forwarded; also the letter of introduction ofMr. E. Raymond Wilson to the student body of Japan. The resolutionson War and Peace adopted by Synod were forwarded tothe President and others as directed. A courteous acknowledgmentwas received from the President. The Moderator alsoprepared and the Clerk forwarded a letter of protest againstthe opening of the Sesqui Centennial on the Sabbath, and a letterof commendation to Mr. Joseph M. Steele for his stand onthis question.In accordance with item three of the report of the Committeeon Finance, page 117, the Moderator and Clerk signed andexecuted a deed submitted by Attorney Thomas H. Greer, transferringSynod's equity in the estate of Mrs. John Peoples.The Clerk would renew his request that all reports, resolutions,etc., to be included in the published Minutes, be submittedin typewritten form on full size typewriter paper. There arestill a few Sessions which certify delegates to Synod on nondescriptscraps of paper, and in a variety of forms. Such areadvised to secure from J. S. Tibby the blanks which have beenprovided for that purpose.There has been a considerable lack of uniformity in themethod of reporting the vote on the overture. A number ofSessions failed to report their vote in detail. In a few casesthe question was submitted to a congregational vote. In twoinstances the overture was approved with reservations. Onlytwo Presbyteries have reported action as such. For these reasonsit has been impossible to make a complete tabulation of thevote.The following recommendations are respectfully submitted:1. Since Synod fixes the hours of meeting at the beginning,a motion to adjourn or take recess at the close of each sessionis superfluous. The Moderator is therefore directed tosimply announce adjournment or recess, as the case may bewhen the hour arrives, providing that a motion to extend the'time shall always be in order.2. That the hearing for ten minutes of Dr. J. L Mc­Laughlin, representative of the American Bible Society bemade Relief, 3. the R. That order W. the Redpath, of hearing the day be made of for the 11:30 the representative order a. m., of Friday, the of June immediatelyNear 9th. East

REFORMED PRESBYTERIANCHURCHfollowing recess Monday afternoon, the customary ten minutesbeing allowed.4. That the Committee of last Synod to review the formof Overture be revived to canvass the vote on the overture, considerthe changes proposed, and to recommend final action bythis Synod.Respectfully submitted,D. C. MATHEWS, Clerk.The report of Synod's Board of Trustees was read byJ. S. Tibby and referred to the Committee on Finance, togetherwith the report of the Treasurer of the Board.The report of the Board of Foreign Missions, togetherwith the Auditor's report on the Treasurer's accounts, wereread by the Corresponding Secretary, F. M. Wilson, andreferred to the Committee on Foreign Missions, with specialreference of item 10 to the Committee on Finance. Thefield reports were also referred for information to the Committeeon Foreign Missions.The report of the Board of Home Missions was read byits President, E. L. McKnight, and referred to the Committeeon Home Missions.The report of the Jewish Mission Board was read bythe Secretary, F. L. Stewart, and referred to the Committeeon Home Missions.The report of the Board of Church Erection was readby its Secretary, S. E. Greer, and referred to the Committeeon Finance.The report of the Board of Control was read by itsSecretary, H. G. Patterson, and referred to the Committeeon Finance.The report on unfinished business was taken up.Item 1. Preparing Children's Handbook. W. J. Mc­Knight submitted the report of the committee, which wasaccepted and the committee continued to complete its work.The manuscript of the proposed Children's Handbook wasreferred for review to a committee to report at this Synod,the committee to consist of one minister and one elder fromeach Presbytery to be selected by the Committee on Nominations.Item 2. Representative on Advisory Council of AmericanBible Society. T. M. Slater reported his attendanceas a substitute for Walter McCarroll.Item 3. Sending deputation to the Levant. TheForeign Board reported the matter still under advisement.

MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEItem 4. Transfer title of College property. The Boardof Trustees of Geneva College reported no action during theyear.Item 5. Appointment of Advisory Committee for NearEast Relief. The Foreign Board reported the matter attendedto, the report of the committee to be read in connectionwith the hearing of the representative of Near East Relief.Item 6. Bringing history of ministry to date. 0. F.Thompson reported that the work was progressing slowly.The report was accepted and the committee continued.Item 7. Gathering historical materials. J. B. Willsonreported practically nothing done during the year. TheCommittee was continued.Item 8. Revision Historical Part of Testimony. Referredto the committee provided for in Item 1.Item 9. Revision Book of Discipline. W. J. Colemanreported nothing done during year. The committee wascontinued.Item 10. Digest Deliverances of Synod. R. C. Wyliereported the manuscript complete and ready for publication.The committee was continued and authorized to proceedwith the publication of the volume.Synod took recess until 2:00 p. m., prayer by W. J. Coleman.THURSDAY AFTERNOON, JUNE 9, 1927.Synod reconvened at 2 p. m., was called to order by theModerator, and led in prayer by elder S. M. Steele. Theroll was called. The minutes of the morning session wereread and approved. It was resolved that after the secondday the roll should be called but once each day.The Moderator announced the following regular committees:COMMITTEES OF SYNODNominations—Finance—Samuel EdgarW. J. SandersonM. S. McMillan J. C. SlaterJ. K. M. Tibby O. F. ThompsonE. M. Elsey Joseph FlemingS. A. Sterrett J. T. McKelvey

REFORMED PRESBYTERIANCHURCHForeign Missions^J. D. EdgarRobert ClarkeM. R. JamesonS. M. SteeleWalter RossHome Missions—Paul ColemanF. E. AllenJ. A. KempfS. R. WillsR. J. MartinDiscipline—J. G. ReedR. J. MclsaacR. C. ReedW. A. SnairW. R. MarvinNational Reform—A. A. WylieS. E. GreerR. C. AdamsJ. H. McBurneyJ. R. McMullanTheological Seminary—J. G. McElhinneyF. M. FosterD. R. TaggartJ. W. AndersonG. G. McLauryGeneva College—P. J. McDonaldE. A. CrooksR. W. RedpathR. J. BoleW. A. RussellSupplies—David CalderwoodE. G. RussellF. F. ReadeJ. L. WrightC. K. GreerTime and PlaceD. Bruce MartinD. B. RussellPaul D. WhiteTraveling Fund— James TorrensOliver WillsonJ. W. Anderson and the financial agents of the Presbyteries.The report of the Witness Committee, prepared by W.J. Coleman, was read by J. B. Willson, and considered itemby item. The report was adopted as a whole, and is asfollows:REPORT OF THE WITNESS COMMITTEEIn a great country of more than one hundred and ten millionpeople it is not to be expected that a small church of seventhousand will make much of an impression on public opinion.When we remember also that this church has four of the mostunpopular subjects to present that can be found in religiouslife, that she devotes less than five per cent of her budget tothis cause and that the tide of worldliness is so strong in thisday as to loosen most churches from their moorings and requirethem to make a struggle to maintain themselves, we seehow unlikely it is that the testimony of the Covenanter churchwould persuade many to accept her position.But one thing this church can and does do; it keeps thesequestions open and living in the mind of a great part of thethinking and religious people of this country. The questionswhether a Christian should incorporate with a Christless Constitution,whether the Psalms should be sung in the praise of

10 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEGod, whether instruments should be used in worship, whether aChristian should join a secret society, are not dead. Of coursethere are others who join with us in keeping some of thosequestions alive, but none who make the direct, wide spread andpurposeful effort to reach this end that we do.This effort is helping to give us peace within our borders.As long as we fight on the skirmish line far to the front andmaintain the outposts of our faith, we do not have to strugglefor the fundamentals of our faith at home. As long as wemeet the unbelieving world on its doorstep, we do not have tocontest with it on ours. To testify for these unpopular principleskeeps us up to the mark. And God will not let us die aslong as it is worth while to keep us alive. We are probablymaking a greater impression on the mind of our country thanany other group of seven thousand church members.During the last year our main business, as heretofore, hasbeen the sending out of tracts. These have been sent both insideand outside our church. Every three months each congregationhas been supplied with enough tracts on some one of ourfour subjects to provide one for each family. Then an efforthas been made to have each congregation become a center fromwhich every three months from fifty to two hundred tracts willbe sent to intelligent Christian neighbors. Fifteen congregationsand some individuals have undertaken this work. Owingto the Chairman's absence from home and some sickness amongthose engaged in the work, not as many tracts have been sentoutside the church as last year. We hope to do much betternext year.Only one new tract has been printed this year, "The Ruleof God's Worship," but some old ones have been revised and reissued.While we must admit that much mail matter goes unread,we still believe that no effort in any other line equals this in effectiveness,considering the expense involved. The mass of circularssent out by business firms shows their estimate of thevalue of this method. The printed page is still the cheapestand most faithful messenger.A small amount of money was spent this year in advertisingour position on the organ question and the skillful managementof the Editor of the Christian Nation made it go along way. We may do more of this kind of work in the future.J. M. Coleman was recovering from illness and preachingin a congregation till about the first of February. Since thenhe has been engaged in teaching in Greenville college, a FreeMethodist institution, and has received in addition to what theygive him a salary of $66.66 a month. We do not know whetherhis health will permit him to resume his former work or not.The Chairman of the Committee has considered his chiefduty to be the work of the office. Tracts have been sent toall requesting them. Letters have been carefully answered.printing Tracts special have supply of tracts been to those sent and who to circular all were congregations letters, providing keeping for four neighbors.up times, the lists with The of a

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 11names and deciding what literature should be sent, have beena constant care. The chairman has been in many congregationsand presented our principles. There is no sign from the pulpitthat any of our people are indifferent to our testimony.It does not seem, however, that this work of going aboutour own church and presenting our principles should be permanentarrangement. It adds another voice to that of the pastor,but such work must for the most part be left to the pastors.One going about might, in addition to preaching, arrangefor conventions th^it would be of advantage to our cause andhelp the testimony of our church in the whole community.Three such conventions were held the past winter, one in Allegheny,one in Wilkinsburg and one in Geneva. The discussionswere able and the attendance fair, but by far the greatestimpression, we are persuaded, was made by the programmesthat were distributed from house to house in connection witheach convention. These were prepared with the purpose thatthey would be effective in reaching those who might not attend.The balance on hand at the beginning of the year was$2,255.29. Total receipts for the year $4,161.58. Amount expended$5,875.18. Balance on hand April first $1,188.57.The term for which Robert Park, J. Boyd Tweed, J. H. Mc­Burney and J. S. Tibby were elected has expired. Their successorsare to be chosen by this Synod.We submit the following recommendations:1. That J. M. Coleman be chosen to lecture in colleges, asfar as arrangements may be made by the committee.2. That W. J. Coleman be continued as Superintendent ofWitness Work.3. That we continue sending out literature as widely aspossible to ministers of all denominations.4. That pastors be encouraged to preach sermons and conductclasses on our distinctive principles.5. That every congregation be urged to send out literatureon our principles to friends in its own neighborhood.6. That local conventions for the discussion of these principlesbe arranged for in our congregations wherever possible.7. That we do not allow ourselves to be discouraged by thelack of public results, but remember that our peace, our safetyand our future depend on our faithfulness in contending earnestlyfor the testimony which our Lord in his Providence has committedto our charge.w. j. coleman,j. b. willson,john c. slater,d. c. mathews,e. l. Mcknight,J. S. TIBBY,Paul adopted Temperance Coleman, as a Committee whole, Chairman, and which is as submitted follows: was considered J. H. the McBURNEY. report by items, of the

12 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEREPORT TEMPERANCE COMMITTEEThe Temperance Committee would respectfully report:I. As to the prohibition situation in our country.1. Prohibition an undoubted benefit. Prohibition has relievedthe American people of the legal guilt of licensing theliquor business. It has made the sight of drunkards on thestreets comparatively rare, has added years to the averageAmerican life, relieved poverty, advanced American labor,broken the back of the white slave trade, reduced industrial accidents,decreased crime and the prison population, and saved sixbillion dollars a year and the boys. If prohibition enforcementcost a billion dollars a year, it would be cheap.2. Politics and money interfering with sincere enforcement.In all the charts depicting the benefits of prohibition,1920 is the best year, and the benefits have decreased steadilyfor several years up till recently when the slump seems tohave been checked, but little improvement has come. The liquorforces seemed to be stunned in 1920 when prohibition went intoeffect; they soon rallied and their counter offensive has beengaining force steadily. Their supply of funds for promotingtheir business and their old skill in politics are again showingcharacteristic results. The political parties fear the loss of theminority wet vote more than they fear the loss of the majoritydry vote. Our President's early record in politics and in legalpractice was wet. He speaks in favor of prohibition but eachyear he recommends a decrease in the budget appropriationfor the prohibition unit. He retains in his cabinet, and resentscriticism of Secretary Mellon, long-time distillery magnate,in whose hostile hands control of prohibition enforcementstill rests. His Attorney-General, Sargeant, like his two predecessors,preaches law enforcement but fought the adoption ofprohibition. Even in the prohibition unit, typical party men arechosen apart from any standard of loyalty to the eighteenthamendment. Recently, against dry protest and on the recommendationof Senator Wadsworth who was defeated for beingtoo wet, President Coolidge appointed a wet judge in westernNew York along the Canadian border; and General Andrews, incharge of enforcement, appointed as prohibition administratorin the same section a man who says he made two hundredthousand dollars in two years as attorney for bootleggers. Ifthese instances were solitary they would not be mentioned inthis report. So long as temperance folks are satisfied with adry law and dry speeches, and the wets can be quieted by wet appointmentsand the Mellon enforcement, the same man and thesame party may have the support of both wet and dry.Arrests by Federal officers fell off 10,000 during 1926. Thecompromise of penalties by the Treasury Department is scandalous.In 1924, collections amounted to but five per cent of thepenaltiescrease lowed even erage in to of the defiant settle oneimposednumber conviction their districts.byof finestheFederal per bylaw,In county groups. 1926, Judgesandthere ofliquorcontested to There was anassociationsis adequate less no cases, effort than number andare to av­the in­al- -

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 13fault was not in the juries. Ten thousand cases were nolleprossed. It is no wonder that of over thirteen hundred breweries,only about two hundred have been put beyond the possibilityof resuming the manufacture of beer on short notice.Strenuous agitation has been required to achieve the recentsmall gains in enforcement, and under the present party organizationgains cannot go far. The recent demand of Borah andMcAdoo for a realignment on the liquor question is a door ofhope. But Uncle Sam still needs conversion to Christ.We remind our people of the necessity of using all propermeans to advertise the benefits of prohibition even when poorlyenforced, to educate in the need for prohibition, and to urge,and help, officials to enforce the law.II. The tobacco situation.The increase in the use of the cigarette continues. Thereare signs of the beginning of a campaign to inducethe women to smoke. The greed of business and the influenceof the American Legion are bringing modification of our anticigarettelaws; and the temperance forces are only mildly activein opposition to the habit.Meanwhile the evidence accumulates as to the perniciouseffect of tobacco on the body, mind and morals of its users.We do anyone a life-long kindness whom we persuade to signand keep a total abstinence pledge.III. Our activities.Your committee secured from our pastors a selected listof members to whom the "No-Tobacco Educator" should be sent.We have supplied special material to our Sabbath Schools foruse in connection with each temperance lesson. We were allowedan hour at the C. Y. P. U. convention at Winona last summerand used the 3 reel film of the Kellogg Sanitarium on tobacco.Others may secure the film for exhibition by paying expresscharges. Pledges against liquor and tobacco were circulatedat Winona and their signing also urged on anti-tobacco Sabbathlast February. Reports of results are very incomplete but morethan ten congregations secured signers to the pledge and wehave the names of over 500 signers. Several of our ministershave found opportunity to speak in the public schools againstthe cigarette and many more should do so. Mrs. Anna P.George attended the National Legislative Conference again lastwinter as our representative, and Dr. S. E. Greer attended forus an anti-narcotic convention in Philadelphia last July.We desire to express our appreciation of the cooperationof the "Christian Nation" in our work. We could not desireanything better in that direction.The term for which J. R. W. Stevenson and T. C. Weirwere chosen has expired and their successors should be chosen.We recommend:use ers help of 1. 2. the temperance all A An our continuous effort people. days by cause. all to our of make the Sabbath temperance public Schools press converts by to our make and people careful work­to

14 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THE3. A prayerful and earnest continuance of the pledge signing campaign and an effort to conserve all the results that havebeen gained.4. Persevering prayer to the God in whose cause we laborfor the progress of Christian temperance in all its phases includingthe work against liquor and tobacco among the whitesand against the use of pevote among the Indians.PAUL COLEMAN,J. R. W. STEVENSON,F. F. READE.A committee, to be named by the Committee on Nominations,was appointed to prepare an address to PresidentCoolidge urging faithful enforcement of the prohibitionlaws.The report of the Treasurer of the Woman's Association,Mrs. Agnes E. Steele, was read by her and referred tothe Finance Committee.Treasurer J. S. Tibby submitted a financial report ofpublishing the Minutes of 1926 and of the Literary Fund,which were referred to the Finance Committee.The report of the Women's Association having incharge the Aged People's Home was read by the AssistantClerk. The report was approved and is as follows:REPORT OF THE REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN WOMEN'SASSOCIATION HAVING IN CHARGE THE HOMEFOR THE AGEDTo the Moderator and Members of the Reformed PresbyterianChurch of North America:Dear Fathers and Brethren:—The Women's Association respectfullyreport that the year just closed has given us greatcause for gratitude to the Giver of All Good, for under Hisguidance the home has made substantial progress.Recognition should be given to the constant supervision andunwearying attention that the members receive from our capablematron and her staff. Thanks are also due to the variouscommittees who have performed tasks requiring time effortand the exercise of careful judgment. ' 'After weeks of investigation by our purchasing committeethe equipment of the home was improved by the installation ofthe type of refrigerator known as the Kelvinator. A Newellsuper heater and copper boiler were also introduced Theseimprovements will greatly facilitate the work of caring for themembers of the home.sThe kindly interest of friends and neighbors is shown bv thevl?g tt° -t!l £°meu °ft-he Women's Missionary Society of theEighth United Presbyterian church, the W. M. S , of Pittsburgh

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 15Reformed Presbyterian congregation, the Young Peoples, andthe Intermediate Societies of Allegheny congregation, and theAvalon Unit. These social occasions have lent a pleasing varietyto the lives of those whose activities are necessarily somewhatrestricted.The temporal wants also afford an opportunity of an interestin these servants of our Lord who have passed thru theburden and heat of the day; and while each month shows a recordof generous giving, the real outpouring comes on Donationand Reception Day, when from far and near come substantialgifts of both provisions and money that materially lighten theburden of the Board of Managers and add much to the varietyof the table.Attention is also called to the cheerful and unselfish caregiven to the medical and dental needs of the members by ourcapable staff of busy men who take time from their practice tominister to the ills of these in the home.Neither are the spiritual requirements neglected, for duringthe year sermons were preached by Rev. W. M. Doig and Rev.F. F. Reade; and by Licentiates Dougherty, McFarland, Robb,and Ward. Prayer meeting was conducted regularly by Mr. L.C. McWilliams and the Thanksgiving service was also under hiscare. To all of these we extend our sincere thanks.Sorrow has been ours, for the hand of death was laid uponfour members of the home and one member of the Board ofManagers.Miss Elizabeth Lowry answered the call on May 16th, MissElinor Gray on October 3rd, Miss Etta Jamison on January 19th,and Mr. Michael McLaughlin on February 27th. All of thesewill be greatly missed. We speak especially of Miss Etta Jamisonbecause for many years as Matron, she had given unstintinglyof her splendid abilities to the home. She earned theesteem and affection of all with whom she associated.The rapidly thinning ranks of the charter members of thisassociation as well as the Board of Managers sustained a greatloss in the passing of Mrs. Mathilda Lowry Hice, who departedthis life on October 5th, 1926. Living in close proximity to thehome when it was opened and for many years afterward, Mrs.Hice gave freely of the best that she had for its well-being andadvancement. With her husband, who preceded her manyyears ago, she was always ready to answer any call or performany service at any hour of the day or night. Her thoughts andconversation centered about the Home and, tho handicapped inlater years by a severe and painful affliction, she endeavored tobe present at all our meetings, where her judgment and advicewere greatly valued. Assuredly of her it can be said: "Shehath done what she could."tors the Mr. home: and Mr. The Mrs. by the Mrs. and following H. generous Mrs. A. Andrew Calderwood Mary John have gift Mercer. J. R. been of A. Gregg one has McClurkin, received hundred been have added again Mrs. dollars to the to shown Mary by the membership her Mercer, their Life husband. Direc­inter-of

16 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEest in the home by making a contribution of fifty dollars.Mrs. Will R. Cook has been made a life member by the gift oftwenty-five dollars given by the W. M. S. of College Hill congregation;Rev. R. C. Wylie was made a Life Member by the giftof his daughter, Mrs. Bess Wylie Haines; Mrs. Delber Elliott,by Mr. and Mrs. T. H. Boyd; while like gifts were made by theMisses Anna and Mary McGaw and Mrs. James Carson whowere already Life Members; as well as by Mr. Walter Gangloff.The sincere co-operation of the various organizations, individuals,physicians and ministers as well as the efficient mannerin which the worthy Matron, Mrs. Anna E. McKittrick andher assistants aid in making the Home a delightful place inwhich to spend declining years, are all keenly appreciated.We are fully conscious, however, that our combined effortswould prove unavailing without the guidance and power of"Him who giveth to all men liberally and upbraideth not."Respectfully submitted,A question fromMRS.OhioTHOMASPresbyteryH. MARTIN,as to theSecretarypayment ofthe Traveling FundReformedby MissionPresbyterianStationsWomen'swas referredAssociation.to theCommittee on Discipline.A communication from Ohio Presbytery with suggestionsas to titles to be inserted in the Overture was referredto the Committee to canvass the vote on the Overture.The Minutes of the Syrian Commission were read, approvedand ordered engrossed on Synod's Minutes, and areas follows:MINUTES OF THE SYRIAN COMMISSION OF SYNOD.Larnaca, January 2, 1927.The members of the Syrian Commission of Synod met at thecall of the convener, A. J. McFarland, at the home of W WWeir, in accordance with the orders of Synod, (see Minutes ofSynod, Session XCVII, page 50) for the purpose of reviving theSyrian Commission. Members present were A. J. McFarlandand C. E. Caskey. In view of their appointment by Synod andbecause their ordination was so soon to take place, Calvin Mc­Carroll and W. W. Weir were asked to take their places as members.The Commission was constituted with prayer by A JMcFarland; C. E. Caskey was elected clerk; A. J. McFarlandwas chosen to preach the ordination sermon, C. E. Caskey to addressthe officers and A. J. McFarland to address the people atthe ordination of the officers-elect of the Larnaca and Nicosiacongregations. On motion the Commission took recess to meetat the church at 3:30 p. m. for the ordination of the officers ofthe Larnaca congregation.The Syrian Commission met at the Larnaca church at 3-30 vm. After singing and prayer and Scripture reading the sermon

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 17was preached by A. J. McFarland. The Edict was read for thelast time, the officers-elect came forward and answered thequeries satisfactorily and were ordained with the laying on ofhands of the Commission. A. J. McFarland made the ordinationprayer. C. E. Caskey addressed the officers and A. J. McFarlandaddressed the people. The Commission adjourned withprayer by A. J. McFarland. The officers ordained were, Elders,W. W. Weir, S. G. Aghbabian and Dim. S. Dimitriades; DeaconsMrs. W. W. Weir, Mr. Sarkis Gulesserian, and Mrs. Dim. S.Dimitriades. The officers signed the Terms of Communion.A. J. McFARLAND, Moderator,C. E. CASKEY, Clerk.Nicosia, January 9, 1927.The Syrian Commission met at the Nicosia church for thepurpose of ordaining the newly elected elders and deacons.Members present were A. J. McFarland, C. E. Caskey and CalvinMcCarroll. After singing and prayer and Scripture reading A.J. McFarland preached the ordination sermon. The Commissionwas constituted with prayer by A. J. McFarland, the Edict wasread for the last time, the officers-elect were called forward andanswered the queries satisfactorily and were ordained with thelaying on of hands of the Commission. A. J. McFarland offeredthe ordination prayer. C. E. Caskey addressed the officersand A. J. McFarland addressed the people. The Commission adjournedwith prayer by A. J. McFarland. Those ordained were,Elders, Calvin McCarroll, S. V. Mouradian, and ChristosHjKyriakou; Deacons, Mrs. C. E. Caskey, Mr. Sarkis Yergatianand Mrs. S. V. Mouradian. The officers signed the Terms ofCommunion.A. J. McFARLAND, Moderator,C. E. CASKEY, Clerk.Larnaca, January 11, 1927.The Syrian Commission met at the American Academy andwas constituted with prayer by A. J. McFarland. Memberspresent were A. J. McFarland, C. E. Caskey, Calvin McCarrolland W. W. Weir. The minutes of the last meetings were readand approved. C. E. Caskey was appointed to moderate thesessions of Larnaca and Nicosia. C. E. Caskey and W. W. Weirwere appointed a committee to suggest a course of study forLicentiates, Aghbabian and Dimitriades, looking forward totheir ordination. Commission was adjourned with prayer byC. E. The Caskey, minutes to meet of the the following China Commission summer at such were a read, time and approvedand ordered spread on the minutes of Synod, and areplace as will be suggested by the Moderator.as follows:A. J. McFARLAND, Moderator,C. E. CASKEY, Clerk.

18 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEMINUTES OF THE CHINA COMMISSION.Tak Hing, South China, March 27, 1926, 2:00 p. m.The China Commission met at the call of the Moderator andwas by him constituted in prayer. The members present were,ministers, J. A. Kempf and E. C. Mitchell. Absent, W. M. Robb,J. M. Wright, and E. J. M. Dickson.Chue Hon Shang was appointed to moderate the Tak Hingsession and to dispense the sacraments in the stations in theTak Hing district. Chung On Tai was appointed to moderatethe Lo Ting session and to dispense the sacraments in the stationsin the Lo Ting district.The Commission was adjourned with prayer by E. C. Mitchell.J. A. KEMPF, Moderator,E. C. MITCHELL, Clerk.Tak Hing, South China, November 1, 1926, 9:00 a. m.The China Commission met at the call of the Moderator andwas by him constituted in prayer. The members present were,ministers, J. A. Kempf, W. M. Robb, and E. C. Mitchell. Elders,J. M. Wright. Absent, E. J. M. Dickson.The minutes of March 27, 1926, were read and adopted.It was resolved to proceed with the organization of theChina Presbytery at Lo Ting, December 14, 1926, at 2:00 p. m.The clerk was instructed to notify the Chinese ministers,Chue Hong Shang and Chung On Tai of the meeting and to requestthem to attend. The sessions of Lo Ting and Tak Hingwere also invited each to appoint an elder as delegate to thePresbytery to be organized.W. M. Robb was appointed to preach the sermon at theorganization of the Presbytery.The Commission adjourned with prayer by Dr. Wright tomeet at Lo Ting, December 14, 1926, at 2:00 p. m.J. A. KEMPF, Moderator,E. C. MITCHELL, Clerk.Lo Ting, South China, December 14, 1926, 2:00 p. m.The China Commission met according to adjournment, forthe purpose of organizing the China Presbytery of the ReformedPresbyterian church. According to appointment, W. M.Robb preached the opening sermon on Isaiah 52:11, last clause,at the close of which, in the absence of the Moderator, he constitutedthe court in prayer and acted as Moderator pro tem.The members of the Commission present were, ministers,W. M. Robb and E. C. Mitchell, and elder, E. J. M. Dickson. Absent,J. A. Kempf and J. M. Wright.The moderator gave a brief explanation of church courtsand especially of the Presbytery about to be organized. It wasthen resolved that we proceed to the organization of the ChinaPresbytery of the Reformed Presbyterian church. The roll ofChan On Ting. the Tai, Presbytery Kong Chue Ngai Hon was from Shang, made Tak up W. Hing and M. Robb, is and as follows: Lam and E. Hon C. Ministers, Mitchell, Teng from Chung elders, Lo

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 19The election of officers was held and resulted as follows:Moderator, W. M. Robb, Chinese clerk, Chue Hon Shang, andEnglish clerk, E. C. Mitchell.At the conclusion of the organization of the Presbytery theCommission adjourned.W. M. ROBB, Moderator pro tem,E. C. MITCHELL, Clerk.Tak Hing, South China, January 6, 1927, 10:30 a. m.The China Commission met at the cali of the Moderator andwas by him constituted in prayer. The members present wereministers, J. A. Kempf, W. M. Robb, and E. C. Mitchell, elder J.M. Wright. Absent E. J. M. Dickson.The minutes of November 1st and December 14, 1926 wereread and adopted.It was resolved that in view of the organization of the Presbyteryto administer the affairs of the Reformed Presbyterianchurch in China, the China Commission considers its work completed.The minutes of this session were read and adopted.The Commission was adjourned with prayer by W. M. Robb.J. A. KEMPF, Moderator,A letter of acknowledgment E. C. from MITCHELL, Joseph M. Clerk. Steele wasread to the Synod.A communication from the World's Conference on Faithand Order was referred to the Witness Committee to framean answer to be submitted to this Synod.A communication from the Lord's Day Alliance was referredfor answer to a special committee to be named bythe Committee on Nominations.The report on Unfinished Business was taken from thetable.Item 11. Specification as to new application blanks.J. S. Tibby reported attended to.Item 12. Preparation lantern slides. No report.13. Sesqui Centennial exhibit. E. L. Stewart reportednothing done owing to the opening of the Exposition on theSabbath.Item 14. Synod to reaffirm or rescind temporary actionon Budget. Report to be included in that of ForwardMovement Secretary.Item 15. Resolutions on exploitation of weaker nations.The Corresponding Secretary of the Foreign MissionBoard reported that the matter had not come to the attentionof the Board.

20 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEItem 16. Report on Divine Healing. J. C. McFeetersmade a preliminary statement preparing the way for thereport.Synod adjourned to meet tomorrow morning at nineo'clock. Prayer by Thomas McFall.FRIDAY FORENOON, JUNE 10, 1927.Synod convened at the appointed hour, was called toorder by the Moderator, led in prayer by elder J. R. McMullan,and constituted by the Moderator. The roll was called.Devotional exercises were conducted by J. R. W. Stevenson.The minutes of the previous session were read and approved.R. C. Adams, T. C. McKnight and elder J. L. Wrightwere named Synod's representatives to convey the greetingsof Synod to the Women's Synodical.The report of the Covenanter members of the Board ofDirectors of the National Reform Association was read byMrs. Ella M. George, and was referred together with thefinancial statement of the Association to the Committee onNational Reform.The report of the Board of Superintendents of theTheological Seminary was read by the Secretary, J. B. Willson,and referred to the Committee on Theological Seminary.A resolution offered by E. L. McKnight providing fora day of prayer for students for the Seminary was referredto the Committee on Theological Seminary.J. G. Reed read the report of the Board of Trustees ofGeneva College, which was referred to the Committee onGeneva College.Dr. J. L. McLaughlin addressed the Court as the representativeof the American Bible Society. The Moderatorresponded with assurances of the deep interest of theCovenanter Church in the work of this Society.The reports of Presbyteries were presented by theirrespective Clerks. That of Philadelphia Presbytery wasadopted without reference. The report of New York Presbyterywas adopted with reference of the resolutions contamedin the report to the Committee on Theological Seminaryand to a special committee to be named by the Commit-

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 21tee on Nominations. Synod took special note of the firstreport coming from the new Presbytery in China. The reportwas adopted. The reports of Central Canada, Colorado,Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Ohio, Pacific Coast, Pittsburghand Rochester Presbyteries were approved and referred tothe Committee on Supplies. The reports follow:CENTRAL CANADACentral Canada Presbytery would respectfully report:We have held one regular meeting during the year. Thebusiness of the Ad Interim Commission, due to difficulties presentedby distance, was carried on by correspondence.We have four congregations under our care and two ministerson our roll. The resignation of F. E. Allen as pastor atWinnipeg was accepted on June 1, 1926. F. F. Reade was receivedfrom Pittsburgh Presbytery and installed pastor at Winnipegon Nov. 4, 1926. F. E. Allen was certified to Iowa Presbyteryon Feb. 8, 1927.Delbourne has had practically no preaching during theyear. Regina is at present enjoying the ministrations of J. B.Gilmore.F. F. Reade is Chairman of our Committee on Supplies andS. R. McKelvey our financial agent. H. G. McConaughy wasappointed representative on the Co-ordinating Committee andF. F. Reade delegate to the Mission Conference. The last namedwas also elected as our representative to the Board of Corporatorsof Geneva College. H. G. McConaughy was named tosit on the committee to review the childrens' Handbook and Historicalpart of the Testimony.We request the time of one laborer for the coming year.Our Statistical report was duly forwarded and our TravelingFund is paid in full. Respectfully submitted,F. F. READE, Clerk.CHINAThe China Presbytery of the Reformed Presbyterianchurch was organized and held its first meeting at Lo Ting,South China, December 14, 1926. We have four ministers onour roll, Chung On Tai, Chue Hon Shang, W. M. Robb and E. C.Mitchell. We also have four unordainedmen under the care ofPresbytery who are employed by the Chinese Council in evangelisticwork. We have three other unordained men who arepreaching regularly and doing the work of evangelists but whoare self supporting.We have two organized congregations and thirteen MissionStations under our care. Plans are being made to organize oneof these Mission Stations into a congregation during the comingyear.We have five students under our care who have completedtheir and The are first walking church year in no the China more Seminary is with under Him . fire but and we some feel are that going with back the

22 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEordination of a native ministry and the organization of thePresbytery that a great step has been made towards a selfsupporting,self-propagating church.Respectfully submitted,E. C. MITCHELL, Clerk.COLORADOThe Colorado Presbytery would respectfully report that ithas held one pro-re-nate meeting, one regular and one specialmeeting of presbytery during the past year.There are three congregations under our care, LaJuntawhich is without a pastor desires to have the services of a statedsupply. There are six ministers in our presbytery. D. C.Mathews and J. G. McElhinney are in the pastorate. H. B. Mc­Millan is employed as a secretary by the American SundaySchool Union. C. T. Carson is teaching in Sterling College. A.I. Robb, who is in ill health, resides at Van Nuys, California. J.B. Gilmore is supplying in our vacant congregations and his fulltime is at the disposal of Synod.J. B. Gilmore was released from the pastorate of the La-Junta congregation August, 25, 1926. C. T. Carson was releasedfrom the pastorate of the Greeley congregation August 25, 1926.D. C. Mathews was received by certificate from the PittsburghPresbytery March 22, 1927, and is to be installed as pastor of theGreeley congregation soon after this meeting of Synod.J. G. McElhinney and Elder A. A. Carson, of Greeley, arethe representatives of the Presbytery on the Co-ordinating Committee.J. G. McElhinney is the chairman of the Committee onSupplies.A. A. Carson is the financial agent of the Presbytery.Our traveling fund is paid in full.Respectfully submitted,J. G. McELHINNEY.ILLINOISDuring the year one regular meeting, two synodical meetings,and two meetings of the Interim Commission have beenheld.The Women's Presbyterial Missionary Society met at thetime of the regular meeting of Presbytery. A joint conferencewas held on World Peace. It was an occasion of much profit.During the year, evangelistic services were held at Spartaand at Selma with encouraging results.The Perils of Mormonism were ably discussed by Mrs. LuluLoveland Sheperd in several of the larger towns in the vicinityof our congregations. In co-operation with the W. C. T. U.,considerable work has been done toward securing the reading ofthe Bible in the public schools of Illinois. These efforts havebeen followed by gratifying results. Our young people attendedthe Convention at Winona in large numbers and testify tohaving Presbyterial received convention great spiritual is planned uplift for from Oakdale these in meetings August A

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 23Of our six congregations, four have settled pastors.Princeton has called Jesse C. Mitchell, who has been stated supplyat that place for sixteen months. The call is in the handsof Kansas Presbytery. S. F. Kingston has resigned the pastorateof the Selma congregation after thirty-six years of service.A resolution making recognition of this long period of work hasbeen prepared. While there is not that degree of spiritual lifein our congregations we could desire, yet we are not withoutevidences of Divine favor. Three of our congregations havepaid their budget in full.We have eight ministers on our roll. J. M. Coleman isteaching in Greenville College, Illinois. He is in the employ ofthe Witness Committee.J. K. Robb resides at Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania. Histime, and that of S. F. Kingston, is at the disposal of Synod.W. M. Robb was given a certificate that he might be a constituentmember of the presbytery which was organized in ChinaDecember 14, 1926.We have one student of theology under our care, FrankHoward Lathom, a student of the third year. At the requestof our Presbytery, he was licensed by the Pittsburgh Presbytery,May 10, 1927. Roy B. Hunter, a student of the secondyear in theology under our care, was certified to the PittsburghPresbytery and his congregational membership was sent to theWilkinsburg Session.Our representatives on the Co-ordinating Committee areGeorge M. Robb and Elder R. H. Hayes of Bethel Congregation.W. G. Robb is our committee on Supplies. He is also Moderatorof the Interim Commission.M. K. Carson is our representative on the Mission Conference.The days of Thanksgiving and of Humiliation and Confessionwere duly observed.Our statistical report was forwarded to the Stated Clerk andour vital statistics to the Evangelistic Committee.Our traveling fund is paid in full.J. M. WYLIE, Clerk.IOWAThe Iowa Presbytery would respectfully report:We have held one regular and two special meetings of thePresbytery and four meetings of the Ad Interim Commissionsince the last meeting of Synod. There are six ministers on ourroll. Four are pastors and one is retired and one is engaged in Reformwork. The Rev. F. E. Allen came to us from the Presbyteryof Central Canada and was installed pastor of the Hopkintoncongregation on February 10, 1927. We have seven congregationsunder our care.All vacant congregations have been visited by a representativeA ed and goodly the they of Young the work. number are Presbytery showing People's of the a and Conference young marked have people been interest during urged of the in the to this Presbytery summer hold branch their of attend­of lines. 1926 church's the

24 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEThe Presbytery has urged all congregations under its care,that have settled pastors, to conduct family visitation everyother year, and for the most part this has been done. The sessionalrecords have been carefully examined and the records ofPresbytery are herewith submitted for examination by thosewho shall be appointed for this work.As a Presbytery we are endeavoring to train our youngpeople for leadership in Christian work. The College at BeaverFalls and our Seminary at Pittsburgh with all their advantagesare being held up before our young men and women as a goodplace to go for instruction. Our children are taught to supportthe American Bible Society.We regret that we are not able to report an increase in ourmembership this year and are sorry that we have not been ableto pay our full share of the Budget. The members of the Presbyterytake this opportunity of expressing their gratitude toAlmighty God for his wonderful mercy during the past year."The floods lift up their voices—but yet the Lord—more mig"htyfar is he."The Rev. H. G. Patterson is Chairman of our committee onSupplies. The full time of at least one man is requested forwork in our unoccupied congregations. Our traveling fund ispaid in full. Our statistical report is complete and has beenduly forwarded to the Stated Clerk.Respectfully submitted,D. BRUCE MARTIN, Clerk.KANSASKansas Presbytery respectfully reports:We have held one regular meeting of Presbytery during theyear and the Interim Commission has held several meetingssince last Synod. We have fifteen congregations and one missionunder our care. Three congregations are without pastors,Quinter, Beulah and Superior. All the other congregations havepastors except Stafford, which has a stated supply. E. C. Mitchellon November 15th, 1926, was transferred to the presbyteryto be formed in China. Paul D. White was installed pastorof Eskridge congregation October 12th, 1926. We have twolicentiates under our care, Wylie Daugherty and Roy Fullerton.The time of both these men is at the disposal of Synod.The time of J. W. Dill and G. R. McBurney and Isaiah Farisis at the disposal of Synod. G. R. Steele is moderator of theInterim Commission. Our traveling fund is paid in full. M.R. Jameson is chairman of the young peoples' work in thepresbytery. Nearly all the sessions under the care of presbyteryreported favorably on the proposed revision of a doctrinalpart of the testimony. R. C. Adams and his wife took up thework among the Indians about the first of September, 1926.They have labored courageously in a difficult field. Miss MaryAdams who is home on furlough, renders valuable services freehearts a of professor charge to our our in Covenanter Sterling congregation.College, group of has students found Chas. in the T. that Carson, way institution into who the is

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 25and is giving helpful service to them. Sterling congregationhas built a new parsonage and will observe their 50th anniversarythe first of November, 1926. Quinter is building a newparsonage. D. H. Elliott was tranferred from Kansas Presbyteryto Pittsburgh Presbytery last July that he might becomepastor of the Pittsburgh congregation. E. G. Russell was releasedfrom the pastorates of the Beulah and Superior congregationsthat he might accept a call to Syracuse congregationof Rochester Presbytery. D. R. Taggart is Chairman of theCommittee of Supplies and Home Mission Secretary. A callfrom Princeton congregation is pending on Jesse Mitchel. Acall from Hetherton congregation is pending on Roy Fullerton.Evangelistic services have been held in several of our congregationswith gratifying results. Respectfully submitted,G. R. STEELE.NEW YORKNew York Presbytery would respectfully report:Since last Synod we have held one regular and one calledmeeting. The Interim Commission has held two meetings.We have thirteen congregations and one mission stationunder our care. Every congregation in the Presbytery now hasa pastor, since George S. Coleman was installed pastor of theCambridge congregation on September 25th, 1926, by the InterimCommission of Presbytery.Fourteen ministers are on our roll, one of whom is a missionaryin China, on furlough at the present time. LicentiateDavid Park was given a Letter of Standing, and has since enteredthe United Presbyterian ministry.The following resolution, bearing on the subject of youngmen attending our own Seminary, was adopted.Resolution: "Whereas the Reformed Presbyterian churchhas provided and is sustaining a Seminary to prepare youngmen to preach the Gospel: Whereas said Seminary has coursesof study laid out through long experience, and taught by painstaking,thoroughly educated and consecrated professors.And whereas it is to the students' highest advantage to betrained in Covenanter doctrine and atmosphere, where he becomesacquainted with the work at home and abroad, where heis in continuous association with our congregations:Therefore, Resolved that New York Presbytery will nothereafter feel justified in taking under its care a student whodoes not intend to take his theological course in the Seminary ofthe Reformed Presbyterian church."A resolution bearing on the subject of Ministers and Supplieswas also adopted, and is as follows:Resolution: "Whereas, licensed students and unsettled ministersare practically left to their own initiative to find a field:Whereas they are sometimes weeks and months with noyears little opportunity And, left of study whereas, to to support prepared preach after themselves.paying Gospel traveling and for which their expenses families, they have, they and through must have

26 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEcry unto God,—therefore, Resolved, that the New York Presbyteryurgently requests Synod to take this matter under advisementand provide, if possible, a way by which all licentiates andunsettled ministers, who are able, shall be continuously employedin the Lord's work, making sure they have a living overand above traveling expenses."The Presbytery has established a Presbyterial TravelingFund of 25 cents per member.Our Synodical Traveling Fund has been paid in full.W. J. McKnight is moderator of the Interim Commission.F. M. Foster is the Committee on Supplies. W. J. McKnightis the Committee on Finance. Our delegates to the MissionConference were J. H. Pritchard and F. M. Foster. Our representativeson the Co-ordinating Committee are: Boyd A. Whiteand deaconess Mrs. Anna P. George.Our Statistical Report was forwarded in due time.Respectfully submitted,BOYD A. WHITE, Clerk.OHIOThe Ohio Presbytery would respectfully report:We have held one regular meeting during the year and ourInterim Commission has held one called meeting. We have ninecongregations and two, mission stations under our care. Onecongregation, Hetherton, is vacant, but has a call pending. Wehave six settled pastors, two of whom are serving joint pastorates;five unsettled ministers and one licentiate.Our Presbytery reports a net loss of one in membershipduring the past year. The total membership of the Presbyteryis 465. Sixty-nine per cent of our allotment of Synod'sBudget was raised this year. Seven congregations raised theirBudgets in full. The highest per capita giving in the Presbyterywas that of the Cincinnati congregation—$72 per member.The enrollment in our Young Peoples Societies total 93. Atthe last meeting of Presbytery a Presbyterial Secretary of YoungPeople's Work was appointed in the hope that the interest andactivity in this department of our work might be stimulatedthereby. The program is being arranged for the Young People'sConference which meets this year with the Utica congregationAugust 17-19. A Presbyterial Plan of Work Committee is workingon a plan of work which it is hoped, will be helpful in deepeningthe spiritual life of the congregations.T. C. McKnight is our representative on the Board of Corporatorsof Geneva College.E. M. Elsey and D. B. Russell are our delegates to the MissionConference. J. C. Mathews and J. A. Potts are our representativeson the Co-ordinating Committee, W. J. Sanderson isChairman of the Interim Commission. E. M. Elsey is Chairmanof the Committee on Supplies.The time of R. W. Piper, W. S. Fulton and R. Hargrave isat our the vacant disposal congregations.of Synod. We ask for the time of one worker in

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 27Our statistical report was forwarded to the Stated Clerkand our traveling fund is paid in full.Respectfully submitted,J. C. MATHEWS, Clerk.PACIFIC COASTPacific Coast Presbytery would respectfully report:One regular meeting was held during the year just closed.Our Interim Commission held two meetings.There are six congregations under our care. All havepastors except Fresno. F. D. Frazer was installed pastor ofPortland congregation, November 16, 1926.Seven ministers are on our roll. Five of them are settledpastors. One is kept from active service by ill health. One isengaged in business.We approve of the revised chapters XXIX and XXX of theTestimony as handed down in overture by Synod, and answerthe question of the overture in the affirmative.We ask for the time of one laborer for the coming year.David Calderwood is Chairman of Interim Commission.F. D. Frazer is chairman of Committee on Supplies.Our financial agent is Joseph Fleming.J. D. Edgar is Secretary of Young Peoples' Work.Samuel Edgar and Joseph Fleming were appointed to theCo-ordinating Committee.J. D. Edgar and David Calderwood were appointed to theMission Conference.Our budget and traveling fund are paid in full. Our statisticalreport was duly forwarded to the stated clerk.F. D. FRAZER, Clerk.PHILADELPHIAThe Philadelphia Presbytery would respectfully report asfollows:We are exceedingly grateful to the God and Father of ourLord Jesus Christ for the manifold blessings of His Grace andprovidence which He has so abundantly bestowed upon us thispast year. All of our congregations have settled pastors. Theactivities in these congregations have been carried on duringthis past year with a good degree of efficiency.The total membership of the presbytery is in excess of 500.One of our congregations, namely, Orlando, Florida, has thispast year completed the building of a new and beautiful church.This edifice is of brick and tile with stucco finish and cost approximately$24,000.00The roll of our presbytery now contains the names of threelicentiates namely, Mr. W. Wilbur Weir, who is at the head ofthe American Academy, Larnaca, Cyprus; and Mr. Armour J.McFarland, who completed his theological course in May of thisyear. Mr. McFarland, on June 7th, was united in marriage withcal Mr. Miss Seminary Johannes Sylvia Hutcheson, of G. New Vos of York and Princeton, City together this New they fall. Jersey. plan Our to third He enter was licentiate the licensed Bibli­is

28 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEon May 23, 1927, by the Philadelphia Presbytery and advancedas a third year student of theology.We record with sorrow the death of two of our prominentelders in this presbytery, Elder James Renwick Dill of the Secondchurch in Philadelphia, and elder Samuel Jackson of theFirst church in Philadelphia. Both of these men served longand loyally in the eldership of our churches, and both weregreatly beloved by the people. F. M. Wilson, minister; J. E.Huheey, elder; and John M. Crozier, deacon, were the constituentmembers of this presbytery on the Co-ordinating Committee.F. L. Stewart was presbytery's representative in the Home MissionsConference. Our share of the budget was paid in full andover paid. Our traveling fund is paid in full. Our statistical reportwas forwarded to the Stated Clerk.S. E. GREER, Clerk.PITTSBURGHWe would respectfully report that since our last report wehave held two regular meetings, three special meetings and twosynod meetings. The Interim Commission has held four meetings.We have twenty-two congregations under our care. Thisis one less than last year, since after the death of A. J. Khouri,the Syrian congregation was disorganized and the membersordered by Presbytery to be certified to the congregation oftheir choice.Seventeen of these congregations have settled pastors.One has a stated supply. Four are without pastors.Licentiate Paul D. McCracken was ordained and installedpastor of the Slippery Rock Congregation, July 7, 1926. D. H.Elliott was received from Kansas Presbytery and installed pastorof Pittsburgh Congregation, September 10, 1926. A. A. Wyliewas received from Rochester Presbytery and installed pastorof East End Congregation, November 9, 1926.Anthony J. Khouri, the organizer and for many years thefaithful pastor of the Syrian congregation was called home,August 29, 1926. We would also record the departure of Dr. J.M. Balph, a ruling elder of Slippery Rock Congregation, but whoserved the church for some thirty-nine years as medical missionaryin the Levant, September 7, 1926.F. F. Reade was certified at his own request to CentralCanada Presbytery, to take up pastoral work in the Winnipegcongregation, September 10, 1926. D. C. Mathews was releasedfrom the pastorate of the New Alexandria congregationMarch 1, 1927, and certified to Colorado Presbytery at his ownrequest to take up the pastoral work in Greeley congregation.J. B. Tweed was released from the pastorate of the BeaverFalls congregation at his own request October 26, 1926, in orderto give his full time to the teaching of Bible in Geneva College.We now have thirty-nine ministers on our roll. Seventeension congregation of these activities; are settled as two stated are pastors. supply. professors One Two in of are these engaged Seminary; also serves six home another are mis­en-

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 29gaged full time in work for Geneva College; one is superintendentof our church Witness Work; one is engaged with theWelfare Board of Temperance and Moral Welfare of the Presbyterianchurch in Sabbath Observance Work; one is employedas professor in Wooster College; six are retired from activeservice; one is employed in business pursuits; and two are inactive service as supplies for congregations.At the request of Illinois Presbytery, Franklin H. Lathomwas heard in his remaining trials for licensure and after examinationwas licensed to preach, May 10, 1927.A certificate of transfer for Roy B. Hunter, a student oftheology under the care of Illinois presbytery was received fromthat presbytery, May 10, 1927, and Mr. Hunter was taken underthe care of Pittsburgh presbytery as a student of theology.We now have three licentiates under our care.Paul D. McCracken is our Superintendent of YoungPeople's Work. Plans are under way for a larger and betterconference than ever of young people at Rose Point this year.Our Home Mission Secretary is J. G. Reed. His reportshows that he has had a goodly measure of success in securingregular preaching and pastoral work in all our vacant congregations.E. L. McKnight is moderator of our presbytery and alsomoderator of our Interim Commission.E. A. Crooks and-J. K. Gault were appointed to representour presbytery on the Home Mission Conference.A. A. Wylie, an elder from College Hill congregation, andJ. P. Mitchell of the Financial Board of Allegheny congregation,were chosen to represent presbytery on the Co-ordinating Committee.On May 6, 1927, R. J. G. McKnight was chosen his own successoron the Board of Corporators of Geneva College to representPittsburgh presbytery for a term of three years.Our presbytery approved the doctrinal sections of the testimonysubmitted in overture and passed them down to the sessionsof presbytery for action. Returns were received fromnineteen sessions. Of these, seventeen voted affirmatively andtwo negatively for the approval of the chapters sent down inoverture. This made the total number of members voting in theaffirmative seventy-six, in the negative six, and not voting, one.Our traveling fund is paid in full. Our statistical reportwas forwarded in due time to the Stated Clerk.The full time of W. C. McClurkin, Remo I. Robb, Robert C.Ward and J. S. Stewart is at the disposal of Synod. We cantake the full time of two laborers.Slippery Rock Congregation made request that the name ofthe congregation be changed from Slippery Rock to that of RosePoint. Our presbytery approved this request and the name ofthe said congregation will be Rose Respectfully Point. A. A. WYLIE, submitted, Clerk.

30 • MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEROCHESTERRochester Presbytery would respectfully report:We have had one regular and one special meeting duringthe year. There are five congregations under our care, one ofwhich has no pastor. A. A. Wylie, having resigned as pastor ofSyracuse congregation to accept the call from East End Congregation,Pittsburgh, was released by Presbytery on October 20,1927.Recently a call was made upon E. G. Russell by Syracusecongregation to become its pastor. He has accepted, beentransferred from Kansas Presbytery, and will be installed by acommission on June 22nd. We welcome this comrade from theWest to take his place on the Eastern front.Wm. McFarland has retired from active service. J. R.Latimer one year ago underwent an operation in a hospital atMontreal, also recently he had another operation on his eye. ThePresbytery extends to him in his afflictions its prayers andsympathy for complete recovery.J. M. Rutherford and W. J. Burns, elder, were appointed torepresent Presbytery on the Co-ordinating Committee. W. M.McNeel is our representative at the Mission Conference. Therewas no representative deacon from Presbytery.During the summer, Lisbon received the ministrations ofR. Hargrave and W. J. McKnight and also this spring by studentsof the Seminary.J. M. Rutherford was appointed financial agent of Presbytery.E. G. Russell and W. J. Burns were appointed to apportionPresbytery's share of the budget among the various congregations.Our statistical report was forwarded in time to thestated The clerk. report Our on traveling unfinished fund business is paid was in full. taken W. up. M. Mc­Neel Item is Chairman 16. Report of Supplies. on Divine Healing. J. C. McFeeters,Chairman, submitted a majority J. M. RUTHERFORD, report. Before Clerk. he hadcompleted the reading of the report the hour for recess arrived.Synod took recess until two o'clock, J. M. Fosterleading in prayer.FRIDAY AFTERNOON, JUNE 10, 1927Synod reconvened after recess, was called to order bythe Moderator and led in prayer by elder W. A. Snair. Theminutes of the morning session were read and approved.Synod resumed the hearing of the report on the questionof Divine Healing. J. C. McFeeters finished the reading

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 31of his report, and a minority report was submitted by F. M.Foster. The report on Unfinished Business was then laidon the table for the present.A paper on Greek Baptism, submitted by J. M. Foster,was referred to the Committee on Discipline without reading.A memorial from certain members of Sterling congregationwith reference to the employment of a Roman Catholicas Coach at Geneva College was read and referred to theCommittee on Geneva College.Dr. Marquis was introduced to the Court and extendedthe courtesies of the floor.The report of the Forward Movement Secretary, D. H.Elliott, was submitted and taken up item by item. In connectionwith item 2, R. A. Blair brought the greetings ofthe Pre-Synodic Bible Conference to the Synod. The appointmentof the committee provided for in item 5 was referredto the Committee on Nominations. In acceptingDr. Elliott's resignation as Secretary, Synod by unanimousrising vote gave expression to its high appreciation of hisservice in this position. The report was adopted as a wholeand is as follows:FORWARD MOVEMENT SECRETARY'S REPORT 1927In his eighth annual report your Secretary wishes not onlyto sketch the activities of the past year, but to survey brieflythe almost eight years of service in this office. The larger activitiesceased on the first of last September at the time of takingup other work. The salary also ceased at that time. YourSecretary offered his resignation to the Central Board of Missions.The Board declined to accept it, requesting that he continuethe more essential parts of the work until Synod. Thishe has tried to do.From the beginning of our Forward Movement work wehave tried to develop it along three lines,—Stewardship, LifeService, and Spiritual Resources.StewardshipThe outstanding achievement here has been the establishmentof the Budget System of Finance. This includes the rulesby which it is now governed. It comprehends the Co-ordinatingCommittee which recommends the amount of the Budget to beundertaken and weighs and passes upon all requests for aid.It carries with it the administrative work through the year,bringing it down to the congregations and attending to all mattersof publicity pertaining thereto. The importance of thetithe and the Every Member Canvass have been continuouslystressed through the years. There has been a distinct gain inthis field of service.Only 86 per cent of Synod's Budget was raised last year asagainst 95 per cent the year before. 52 congregations and 3presbyteries raised their apportionments ih full. In some lo-

32 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEcalities there were unusual conditions, which prevented congregationsfrom meeting their assignments. A serious condition stillexists where congregations fail to start to raise their share untilthe year has far gone. Why can we not keep awake at thistask from the first month until the last and make our paymentsevery month! The Covenanter church, we are certain,still comes very far short of contributing its full tithe for thework of the Kingdom.Recommendation number 4 in last year's report, putting ontrial for one year the right to contribute to specific causesover and above the Budget, was to be reaffirmed or rescinded atthis Synod. Inasmuch as only two contributors were reported asavailing themselves of this liberty, we see no reason why therule should not be reaffirmed.Life ServiceThe revival in our young peoples' activities had begun underyour former Secretary of Young Peoples' work. The interesthere has constantly grown. We tried at the beginning to list informationconcerning all the young people of the church. We havefurnished Societies with printed wall pledges and Standards ofEfficiency. We have, year by year, continued the printing ofTopic Cards at a saving of about 100 per cent for all Societiesdesiring them. The Christian Endeavor topics were used by permissionand a number of changes were made to suit our denominationalneeds.The presbyterial Conferences and Conventions have constantlygrown in attendance and interest. This interest culminatedin the Synodical Young Peoples' Conference at WinonaLake, Ind., August 6-13, 1926. This was a ten days Conferenceheld in two divisions, Junior and Senior.Synod approved of the effort to hold such a Conferenceproviding an attendance of 400 could be reasonably assured. 740enrolled at the Conference, coming from all sections of thechurch. The favor of God was very marked. No serious sicknesswas reported nor were there any serious accidents by theway.The conduct of the young people was commendable. Thegeneral spirit was fine. The recreational seasons were wholesomeand in keeping with the higher aims of the Conference.Many attended prayer groups in the early morning and the singingof Psalms could be heard in all directions at the morninghour of worship. The spirit of co-operation was splendid. Theofficers and committees deserve the highest commendation fortheir willing and efficient service.The printed programs in both divisions for the ten dayswere carried through with hardly a change. There were threedivisions of Bible Study each morning following a period of devotion.Our distinctive principles were given prominence. Oneevening each was given over to the Theological Seminarywas ed Geneva other to reserved put denomination.College, into for it their Evangelism address All very who best. by had and a a distinguished Missions. place the Another minister program evening of seem­an­

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 33The Sabbath services were especially impressive and helpful.The expenses of the Conference amounted to $1,022.88. Thereceipts were $1,066.92, leaving a balance in the treasury of$44.04. A vote was carried unanimously to hold a similar Conferencein 1930, four years hence.On the last evening seventy-five came to the platform, declaringtheir willingness to enter into any services to which theLord might call them in the Kingdom. This, Conference was awonderful demonstration of a youth movement in the right direction.This great gathering should inspire faith in the loyalty ofour young people to the church. How can we, as a Synod, encouragethem and furnish work for them to do? How can wehelp them to hold the ground they have gained? "Not asthough we have already attained." There remains yet much landto be possessed in our young people's work.Spiritual LifeWe have through the years tried to put spiritual thingsfirst. Prayer and Bible Study and family religion have been keptin the fore front. We have the names and addresses of 2,500Covenanters who enrolled as intercessors in behalf of the workof the church.Much literature was prepared and distributed, designed tohelp the spiritual life. Most of our congregations were reachedin person, with special conferences with the officers in many.The Pre-Synodic Conference, now called the Pre-SynodicBible Conference, grew out of this department of work, the sixthof which was heid this year. We realize that the value of ourForward Movement work must be measured in the balances ofspiritual values. It is hard to measure these, but we lamentthat greater gains have not been made here. We have learnedanew that it is "Not by might, nor by power, but by my Spirit,saith the Lord of Hosts."Office WorkIn addition to the correspondence entailed, files were madeof young people, non-resident members, elders, deacons, andthose who enrolled as intercessors.65 kinds of literature were published and distributed free tothe church, except the Prayer Meeting Folders and the YoungPeople's Topic Cards for which a charge was made. The publicationswith the widest circulation were: "Six Great Certainties"of which 13,000 have been printed, and "Daily Readingsfor Public Schools," of which 40,000 have been distributed.An average of twenty-six pages of material each year hasbeen furnished to the Christian Nation.Field WorkWe were able in seven years to reach 71 of our congregationsA its number were in person, made was in visited in all, many making more of which than average once. a series 147 of of 21 congregational meetings each year. was held. Dur- vis­

34 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEing that time we delivered 888 messages, an average of 127 eachyear.ExpensesAfter equipping the office the first year, the Forward Movement,aside from the Secretary's salary, has cost the churchabout $1,100 for the entire period of its existence. After receiptsand expenditures were balanced the Office has drawnfrom the church less than $160.00 a year, though the literaturewas printed and distributed free.The expenses for this last year were , $562.26The receipts were 445.92Leaving a deficit of $116.34AccomplishmentsIt is proper to ask just now what the Forward Movementhas accomplished. Has it justified its existence ? Should it becontinued in some form in the future?We would not venture to suggest what the Movement hasmeant to the spiritual life of the church. We know of nomethod by which spiritual values can be accurately measured.To some congregations it has meant much. To others we fearit has meant very little.Some of the tangible things that have grown out of it orhave been closely associated with it are: the Budget System ofFinance, the Co-ordinating Committee, files of informationavailable to the church, a circulating library of religious books,Standard of Efficiency for Sabbath schools, new blanks for presbyterialexamination of congregations, new application blanksfor aid, a uniform system of supplemental helps for the Sabbathschool, three instances of two congregations being joined undera single pastorate, a re-writing of the historical part of ourTestimony, a supply of literature on many phases of the church'swork, the Pre-Synodic Conference and a Synodical Conference ofyoung people.Resignation of SecretaryYour Secretary has served exactly seven years on salary andhas cared for the more indispensable parts of the work ninemonths more without salary. He has offered his resignation onfour former occasions. But now since he has undertaken otherwork, he presents his resignation as Secretary of the ForwardMovement, of Home Missions, and also as Secretary of YoungPeoples' Work and asks to be released from these responsibilitiesat this Synod. The office equipment is at Synod's disposal.We wish to acknowledge the splendid help and wise counselof Miss Mary McFarland who has faithfully served as officesecretary for more than six years.We appreciate the co-operation of the Christian Nationwhose pages have always been open to us.We are also grateful to the ministers and laymen and theyoung people who have been sympathetic and cordial in theirsupport and co-operation. We thank the Synod for the confi-

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 35dence shown in us and for the hearty continuance of the workyear by year. These are the things that have made the workpleasant. Above all, we are thankful to God for His graciousfavor and to Him be the praise for any good that may have beenaccomplished.What of the Future?There are three things the Synod can do:First, it can drop the work altogether.Second, it can make a division of the work among differentmen in the pastorate.Third, it can elect a new Secretary to carry the work forward.The first should not even be considered. There are certainmatters that must be taken care of, such as the administrationof matters pertaining to the Budget; keeping up files of information;keeping in touch with non resident members; preparationand distribution of Prayer Meeting Topics; the handlingof books and literature now in existence; and caring for all matterspertaining to Young Peoples' work.The second presents a possible solution. To one could beassigned all matters pertaining to stewardship; to another thesecretaryship of Young Peoples' work; and to a third the departmentof spiritual life. This will have the disadvantage of scatteringour efforts and taking away the unity of the work. Itwill mean also adding to the labors of men who may already becarrying heavy duties.If the third alternative is followed and a new Secretary appointed,it should, we think, be done in connection with a readjustmentof all our work, and projected under another name.Would it be feasible to have one central office with linesrunning in from every board and institution of the church; asecretary in charge with such assistance as is needed; his dutiesdefined by Synod instead of leaving to him the responsibility offeeling his own way and mapping out his own program of action;doing secretarial work for other boards as needed, therebybringing about greater co-ordination between them; handlingthe Young Peoples' work and extensively using the church paperto keep the people fully informed along all our lines of work.People give and pray well only where they are well informed.We would recommend:1—That the rule appearing in Item 4 of last year's report bereaffirmed.2—That Synod now hear R. A. Blair, appointed by the Pre-Synodic Conference to carry a message from it to the Synod.3—That the moderator and clerk prepare and send a letter toeach of the Young Peoples' Conferences this summer conveyingSynod's greetings, commending them for their loyalty,and encouraging them to complete surrender to Jesus Christ4—That ward accepted. and service Movement, the resignations in His Home kingdom. Missions from the and secretaryship Young Peoples' of the work For­be

36 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THE5—That a committee of seven be appointed to submit to thiSynod recommendations covering a future policy concerningthese branches of work.Respectfully submitted,DELBER H. ELLIOTT.Dr. A. C. Gregg of Greenock, Scotland, fraternal delegateof the Scotch Synod, having arrived, was presented toand addressed the Court. He was made a consultative memberof the Synod.A petition from the Rehoboth, Pa., session to delay actionon the Overture was referred to the Committee to canvassthe vote.A paper from Rochester Presbytery pertaining to compensation,etc, of supplies was referred to the Committee toconsider similar paper from New York Presbytery and alsoto the Committee on Supplies.A request from Illinois Presbytery for special authorityin a particular case was referred to the Committee on Discipline.Synod adjourned to meet at 9:00 a. m tomorrow, prayerby J. C. McFeeters.SATURDAY FORENOON, JUNE 11, 1927Synod met according to adjournment, was called toorder by the Moderator, and constituted with prayer by JS. Stewart. The alphabetic roll was called.Devotional exercises were conducted by David Calderwood.The minutes of the preceding session were read, correctedand approved.The Moderator announced the following committees onPresbyterial Records:COMMITTEES ON PRESBYTERIAL RECORDSCentral Canada— IllinoisW- 0. Ferguson J. T. MitchellJ- M- Foster j. c. MitchelW. A. Carson S. l. WilsonColorado—IowaJ. M. Johnston H. G. McConaughyJ. C Mathews Thomas McFallW. J. Burns R. c. McKnight

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 37Kansas— Philadelphia—W. M. McNeel J. K. GaultRobert ParkM. K. CarsonJ. R. Steele J. A. PottsNew York—Pittsburgh—J. M. Rutherford J. R. W. StevensonG. R. Steele H. G. PattersonJ. C. Calderwood A. J. WhiteOhio—Rochester—F. L. Stewart W. J. McBurneyW. T. K. Thompson Paul McCrackenJ. E. Huheey Richard McAlisterPacific Coast—H. G. FosterJ. R. WylieF. A. McLeanThe report of the Board of Corporators of GenevaCollege was read by the Secretary, G. M. Robb, and referredto the Committee on Geneva College.Resolutions pertaining to an increase of pastors' salaries,presented by A. A. Wylie on behalf of Pittsburgh Presbytery,were referred to a special committee to be namedby the Committee on Nominations.The report of the Mission Conference was read by M. K.Carson, and taken up item by item. The report was amended,adopted and is as follows:REPORT OF THE HOME MISSION CONFERENCEThe Mission Conference of the Reformed Presbyterianchurch met in the Westminster Hotel, Winona Lake, Indiana,June 7th, 1927, at 7:30 p. m. and was called to order by R. C.Wylie, the oldest member of the Home Mission Board. Themeeting was opened with prayer by W. J. McKnight. F. M.Foster was elected Chairman; M. K. Carson, Secretary and F.F. Reade, Assistant Secretary.Altogether provision has been made for thirty congregations.This is one more than last year. The congregations ofPrinceton and Vernon requested aid this year. No aid wasasked for the Pittsburgh Syrian Congregation.The following appropriations were recommended:Central Canada Presbytery—Delburne—$900 on condition they raise $500.Lake Reno—$600 on condition they raise $800.Regina—$1,300 on condition they raise $700.In connection with this recommendation, the Home Mis*sion Board is authorized to pay J. B. Gilmore for the past

38 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEmonths of April, May, and June on the basis of the appropriationof the coming year.Winnipeg—$1,100.Kansas Presbytery—Eskridge—$500 on condition they raise $900.Stafford—$600 for pastor's salary, provided the congregationraises $600, or $10 per diem on the condition thatthe congregation raises the same amount.New York Presbytery—Coldenham—$400 on condition the congregation raises$1,200.Montclair—$1,000, in view of special conditions.Cornwallis—S800.White Lake—$600.Ohio Presbytery—Bellefontaine—$950 on condition they raise $850.Cedarville—$115 on condition they raise $115.Hetherton—$800 for pastor or stated supply on conditionthey raise $600, or $10 per diem for supplies on the conditionthat the congregation has in the deed of itschurch property a reversionary clause to the Synod ofthe Reformed Presbyterian church, to take effect incase the congregation ceases to hold the property.Ray—$200 on condition they raise $200.Utica—$400 on condition they raise $1,100. This is in viewof special conditions.Pacific Coast Presbytery—Hemet—$800 on condition they raise $700. This is in viewof special conditions.Fresno—$300 on condition they raise $300. A request wasreceived from Fresno that they be allowed to circulatea petition for subscriptions for the building of a newchurch. This request was referred to Synod.Portland—$1,000 on condition the congregation raises $1000.Philadelphia Presbytery—Orlando—$800 on condition they raise $1000.Pittsburgh Presbytery—Bear

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 39Illinois Presbytery—Princeton—$350.Iowa Presbytery—Washington—$200.Rehoboth—$300.Vernon—$300 was placed at the disposal of the Home MissionBoard to be used according to its discretion.The Mission Conference requests the appropriation of$13,500.The Chairman appointed E. L. McKnight and R. A. Blair asa committee to bring before Synod, the question of manses. Thefollowing resolution was adopted: That congregations in makingtheir Statistical reports, not only indicate whether or notthey have a manse, but also whether rent is charged and if sohow much and report as salary the amount the pastor receives,less rental charges.Recommendations:I. We urge the congregations to pay special attention tothe resolutions adopted before, in reference to Mission Work, theEvery Member Canvass and the question of the Tithe.II. That Presbyteries be directed to require a detailed reportof pastors and Stated Supplies of work done in all aid-receivingcongregations.III. Synod expects congregations to live up to these requirementsand that appropriations be granted on the fulfillmentof these conditions.IV. Presbyteries are urged to take special notice of therequirements of the Home Mission Conference.V. The Clerk was appointed to send the resolutions of thisconference to the Clerks of Presbyteries and also to the clerksof Session of the aid-receiving congregations.Respectfully submitted,The request of Fresno congregation F. M. FOSTER, for permission Chairman, tocanvass the church for subscriptions M. K. CARSON, to erect a Secretary.church buildingwas referred to Pacific Coast Presbytery with powerto act, subject to the approval of the Board of Church Erection.A similar request from Montclair congregation wasreferred to New York Presbytery on the same conditions.The report of the Co-ordinating Committee was submittedby A. A. Wylie and considered item by item. Inconnection with the consideration of the report as a wholeSynod was led in prayer by T. M. Slater and R. A. Blair.The report was adopted as a whole and is as follows:

40 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEREPORT OF THE CO-ORDINATING COMMITTEEThe Co-ordinating Committee met at the call of the GeneralSecretary of the Forward Movement in the Westminster Hotel,Winona Lake, Indiana, June 7, 1927, at 7:00 p. m. D. H. Elliottwas chosen chairman; A. A. Wylie, clerk. The roll of membersrepresenting the presbyteries was completed and is as follows:Ministers Elders DeaconsCen. Canada H. G. McConaughyColorado J. G. McElhinney A. A. CarsonIllinois Geo. M. Robb R. H. HaysIowa P. J. McDonald Oliver WillsonKansas Paul White J. L. Wright A. H. McCraeNew York Boyd A. WhiteOhio J. C. Mathews J. A. PottsPacific Coast Samuel EdgarPhiladelphia F. M. Wilson J. E. Huheey John M. CrozierPittsburgh A. A. Wylie J. P. MitchellRochester J. M. Rutherford W. J. BurnsThe various Boards and Committees of the church were representedby the following:Church Erection—S. E. Greer.Foreign Missions—Walter McCarroll.Central Board—J. B. Willson.Witness Committee—W. J. Coleman.Geneva College—R. A. Blair.Theological Seminary—W. J. Coleman.Board of Control—H. G. Patterson.Womans' Association—Mrs. Agnes Steele.Jewish Mission—F. L. Stewart.We would report the following recommendations:1. That $100,000.00 be the amount of the budget adoptedby Synod for the coming year.2. That the budget be apportioned to the separate schemesof the church as follows:Church Erection $ 1,500.00Foreign Missions 41,000.00Southern Mission 9,500.00Home Missions 10,100.00Indian Mission 1,400.00Witness Committee 5,100.00Geneva College 13^200.00Theological Seminary 3,000.00Students' Aid90o!oOWidows and Orphans3,50o!o0Ministerial Relief3,'40o!oOEvangelistic Committee 2600.00Women's AssociationlSOoioOJewish Mission 3000.00

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 413. That the apportionment to the Presbyteries be the sameas last year, which is as follows:Central Canada 550.00Colorado 4,300.00Illinois 5,700.00Iowa 6,800.00Kansas 17,100.00New York 12,850.00Ohio 4,800.00Philadelphia 9,300.00Pacific Coast 5,200.00Pittsburgh 30,100.00Rochester 3,300.004. That the Forward Movement office or any agency whichmay be appointed to take charge of our stewardship work, furnishto all congregations literature on the Every Member Canvass,Tithing and Stewardship, and that pastors be urged to presentthe work of the entire church to their congregations fromthe pulpit.5. That inasmuch as the deficits reported in various departmentshave not been provided for in the appropriations ofthe budget, the total of which amounts to about $9,508.00, thatSabbath, October 2, 1927, be set apart as a day for a special collectionfrom all our congregations to meet this deficit. Thisoffering should be forwarded to J. S. Tibby to be applied proportionatelyto the deficits announced in the various departments.6. That Synod renew the contract with the Christian Nationfor the coming year on the same basis as last year. Thefinancial statement of the Christian Nation is presented hereand is as follows:FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF THE CHRISTIAN NATIONApril 1, 1926, to April 1, 1927.Receipts—Subscriptions $3,566.71Advertising: Church $5,000.00General 571.22— 5,571.22Total $9137.93Disbursements—Rent $ 660.00Telephone and Telegraph 119.42Postage 240.00Office Help 1,560.00Printer 5,007.99Electros 77,06Paper for Christian Nation 631.46Advertising Comm. and Adv. C. N. inother periodicals 65.40Interest on Money Loaned ChristianNation 199.50

42 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THECarfare 451.21Office Sundries 293.97Total $9,326.01Deficit $ 188.08Respectfully submitted,A. A. WYLIE, Clerk.The report of the Permanent Committee on SabbathSchools was submitted by the Chairman, J. G. McElhinney,and taken up item by item. The report was amended, adoptedas a whole and is as follows:REPORT OF THE PERMANENT COMMITTEE ON SABBATHSCHOOLS.The Youth movement in the world today should challenge usto a "back to the Book" movement in the church.Our church is proud of its reputation for familiarity withand faithfulness to the teachings of the scriptures. If we wishto maintain that reputation, it is necessary for us to impressupon the plastic mind of the youth the great truths of the Bible,in order to fortify them against the temptations and tendenciesof our age.To meet the need of the children and youth of our church,the Synod a year ago adopted a" Supplemental Graded Courseof Sabbath school lessons. Following the instructions received,this course of lessons was printed in the form of a small booklet.Samples were sent to all. of our congregations. Pastorsand superintendents were urged to send for enough copies to supplytheir school, to put them to use in their classes and at least togive them a fair trial. Twenty-five hundred copies were printed.The most of which have already been sent out and are inuse in our Sabbath schools. Your committee is gratified withthe hearty manner in which the Supplemental Graded Course hasbeen received by our church at large. We hope they will provesatisfactory where they are in use and that all who have nottried them will give them a trial.Committing should be done systematically. The SupplementalGraded Course furnishes the system.Our public schools have a system and follow it. They donot merely suggest the text books and leave each teacher or thepupils to decide how they shall be used, but a course of study iscarefully outlined by the department of education and the localschool is required to follow the course specified.The work of memorizing should be adapted to the capacityof the members of the school. Therefore, a graded system isessential. The supplemental course accordingly commends itselfto our Sabbath schools because it is graded.The portions of Scripture and the Catechisms have been selectedaccording to the age and capacity of the various classes,

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 43both as to the amount of committing required and the nature ofthe subjects included. From the simplest truths of the Gospel,up through the systematic statements of the great fundamentalsin the Westminster Shorter Catechism, on through anextended study of our church standards and the evils in thevarious religious systems of our times, our Sabbath schoolpupils are provided with a. course which should challenge theirkeenest interest and most faithful efforts.The Supplemental Course aims both at the instruction andindoctrination of our children and young people, and at theirconviction, conversion and sanctification.Owing to the fact that the work of J. B. Gilmore and C. T.Carson has taken them out of the bounds of the Colorado Presbytery,your Committee has not been thoroughly organized andhas had no meetings to plan its work.Recommendations.1. That Synod refer to the Nominating Committee the matterof appointing a new "Permanent Committee on SabbathSchools" composed of some group living near together such asthe pastors of congregations in Southern Illinois, together withsome of the men and women of their Sabbath schools.2. That our pastors and Sabbath school officers and teachers,together with the parents in our Covenanter homes, be urgedto make faithful use of the Supplemental Graded Course orsome other similar course, in a united effort to revive the customof The committing report on Bible Psalmody truth was and submitted to prepare by our J. children K. Gault. tobecome It was intelligent amended by Christians including and a members warning of to the our Covenanterministerschurch. against conducting services in Respectfully churches of submitted, other denominationswhere it is necessary J. G. for McELHINNEY, them to conduct Chairman. the praiseservice. The report as amended was adopted as a whole andis as follows:CONCERNING PSALMODY.The Reformed Presbyterian Testimony says, "Singing God'spraise is a part of public social worship, in which the wholecongregation should join; the Book of Psalms, which are ofDivine Inspiration, is well adapted to the state of the church,and of every member, in all ages and circumstances; and thesePsalms to the exclusion of all imitations and uninspired compositions,are to be used in social worship."The Covenanter church is one of the few smaller churcheswhich still maintain the exclusive use of the Psalms in theworship of God. Within the past year or two the digressionfrom this position on the part of other churches has beenquite marked, and in view of this fact the subject of Psalmodyshould be given thoughtful consideration. Our apprehensionshould be kept alert by the occasional setting forth of the

44 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEreasons for holding to this position. It is a well-establishedfact that a principle which is not being defended will rapidlylose it's hold.The EXCLUSIVE USE OF THE PSALMS IS FOUNDEDUPON THE AUTHORITY OF GOD.They are in the Bible, being a part of the Inspired Canon.Their very name indicates that they are to be sung in praise.It can be reasonably concluded that what God has authorizedas a medium of praise will be acceptable to Him. The trustworthinessof a guide for an uncertain journey is made morereliable by his coming from the place of destination. ThePsalms have come from the place of destination. They arevastly superior to any other songs of praise in that respect.They know the way. They came from God, and they can goback to Him bearing the praises of our hearts.Jesus, by His example on the night before He was betrayed,proclaims the authority of the Psalms. They sang a portion ofthe Great Halell before departing for the Mount of Olives andthe Garden of Gethsemane. Then Paul says, "Let the Wordof Christ dwell in you richly in all wisdom, teaching and admonishingone another in Psalms, and Hymns, and Spiritualsongs," referring, of course, to the different classes of songsas they were found in the Greek translation of the Psalter.Now we should carefully keep in mind, in this connection,that the primary question in praise is not what sounds well toman, but what has God authorized. God has always been veryjealous of His worship and has hedged it about with certainwell-defined boundaries, one of which is that whatever is notcommanded in the worship of God is forbidden. Did He notsay to Moses, in the matter of the construction of the tabernacle,"See, that thou make all things according to the patternshowed to thee in the Mount." In the case of Nadab andAbihu it is said that they "offered strange fire before the Lord,which He had not commanded them." The Psalms, therefore,have been authorized both by precept and example. Thehymns have not been authorized, and hence it should not be difficultfor one to determine which matter of praise is acceptableto God.THE PERFECTION OF THE PSALMS IS A STRONGARGUMENT IN THEIR FAVOR.Since they came from God they must be perfect. Everythingthat God makes is perfect. After each successive workof creation, "God saw that it was good." And at the closeof the whole period, "God saw everything that He made, and behold,it was very good." Man in nothing can lay claim to thatdistinction. Imperfection characterizes everything that he does.The Jews were early taught that only the best was to beoffered unto the Lord. The firstlings of the flock or of the herdwere offered, and anything that was defective was unfit . In allbest, the of our offering The for worship Psalms anything of acceptable we contain short should of everything praise. be that careful is not This needful to acceptable shows offer for how to us to God perfect Him. to only know theyin

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 45are. God in all of His Divine attributes is uplifted before usas the supreme object of our praise. One side of His nature isnot magnified to the exclusion of the other. His love and mercyare portrayed as are also His justice and His wrath.Neither do the Psalms mis-represent nor fail to representChrist. The Psalms are full of Christ. He, through HisSpirit, is the author of them, for they are called, "The word ofChrist." Many times did He make use of portions of the Psalmsin describing His own experiences. The 2nd and 45th proclaimHis Divinity and eternal sonship. In the 8th and 40th His incarnationis portrayed; in the 41st, His betrayal; and in the22nd, His agony in the garden, His rejection and His crucifixion.Many others might be mentioned which show forth some phaseof the Saviour's life and work.How perfectly do the Psalms adapt themselves to Christianexperience of all ages. In them we find expressions of explicittrust and complete confidence. There are penetential Psalmsand there are songs of triumph. There are psalms of joy andpsalms of sorrow. There are psalms suited to every experiencein life. Uncle John, the studio director, of KHJ, LosAngeles says, "By far the favorite Scripture Reading for mygreat radio audience is the 23rd psalm." The psalms make upthe only perfect book of praise. All others are imperfect.The PSALMS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY TRANSCEN­DENT DIGNITY.Since our praise is supposed to terminate upon God andnot upon man only that should be used in His praise the sentimentof which corresponds to His Divine nature. There isnothing light or ephemeral about the psalms. True it is thatthey cannot be fully understood in many places but, who canexplain the mind of the Almighty or fathom the depth of Hisunderstanding. "As the Heavens are higher than the earth soare my ways higher than your ways, and my thoughts than yourthoughts." How dignified is the psalmist's declaration of completeconfidence in God as we have it in the beautiful words ofthe 23rd psalm; his contrition in the 51st and his exaltedtriumph in the 76th. What a decided contrast is presented betweenthem and many of the hymns which are lacking even inearthly dignity and are often filled with meaningless platitudes.THE SINGING OF THE PSALMS IN WORSHIP SHOULDBY ALL MEANS BE ENTHUSIASTIC.Covenanters above all others should be a singing people.Since they have such sublime songs they should learn to singthem well. The great lack in some of our churches in the matterof beautiful singing is competent leadership. Often no effortis made to improve the singing. There is no leader whocould not be made into a better leader through training and effort.Other churches spend much money on instruments ofmusic. not, money the best as in has Since songs, the already training we we do might not been of have our suggested, have that leaders better money to be singing.a to wise spend better? plan why to We would spend have it

46 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEThe SINGING OF THE PSALMS SHOULD BY ALLMEANS BE EXCLUSIVE.Covenanters should not sing hymns when they attend servicesin other churches. What is wrong in one place is wrongin another. Let us keep our testimony vital in this regard bymaintaining our position of exclusive psalmody under all circumstances.Being present in a church service where hymns aresung does not justify one in departing from his covenanted profession.Respectfully submitted,J. K. GAULT,W. M. DOIG,H. G. McCONAUGHY,JOHN M. ALLEN,J. L. PATTERSON.The Witness Committee submitted a report on the communicationreceived from the World Conference on Faithand Order. The report was adopted and is as follows:REPORT OF THE WITNESS COMMITTEE ON THE WORLDCONFERENCE ON FAITH AND ORDERYour committee appointed to consider the proposal that thiSynod appoint delegates to a World Conference of the churcheson Faith and Order held with the view of uniting all churches inone Christian body, the Conference meeting in Lausanne, Switzerland,the coming August, would respectfully report:We have read carefully the papers and tracts sent out onthis subject for several years and find that this movement forChurch Unity began in the American Protestant Episcopalchurch in 1910. The General Convention of the Episcopalchurch in that year, moved by a desire that all our Lord'sdisciples may be one, appointed a commission to bring about aconference for the consideration of questions touching Faithand Order, and to ask all Christian communions throughoutthe world to unite in arranging for and conducting such a conference.Participation in this conference was not to involve thesurrender or compromise of any doctrine or position held by anychurch. Each participating church was to appoint a commission,under whatever termsit saw fit, to cooperate in arrangingthe World Conference.Members of these commissions met in August, 1920, atGeneva, Switzerland, where fundamental questions were discussedand a Continuation Committee appointed to carrv on thepreparations for the World Conference. This ContinuationCommittee met at Stockholm, Sweden, in August, 1925, and decidedthat the World Conference on Faith and Order, to consistof about five hundred representatives of the churches beconvened at Lausanne, Switzerland, in August, 1927. This

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 47conference is now before us and a decision is to be made whetherwe will appoint a commission to attend this meeting.In the membership list of the Lausanne Conference we findthe names of eighty-six nation-wide communions that are tobe represented there. The churches with which we are well acquaintedall around us are generally in the list. The body takingthe lead in this movement for unity has been the Episcopalchurches of the United States and England, which havefurnished most of the officers and money support of the organizationthus far. In 1919 the Pope was invited to send representativesto the Conference and declined.Quite a number of leaflets, about forty-two in all, have beenprepared and sent out in furtherance of this movement, thewriters being generally Episcopalians. Among these the mostimportant has been one containing subjects for discussion atthe World Conference and at the preliminary meetings in preparationfor the Conference. This is not intended to confine orrestrict discussion, but to afford starting points. The subjectsprominent are the nature of the church, its Confessions ofFaith, its ministry, the sacraments, the unity of Christendomand the place of different churches within it. The only questionwhich this Agenda seems to consider already fairly well settledis that of the episcopate, that "it must have a place in the reunitedchurch and might be combined with the essential elementsof the presbyterial and congregational polities." The followingthree propositions are submitted in connection with thisconclusion:"A. The episcopate of the reunited church should be aconstitutional and representative episcopate, side by side withwhich councils of the Presbyters and the congregations of theFaithful should have their constitutional places."B. The rule of the reunited church should be that everyordination must be by a Bishop, and every consecration by atleast three Bishops. The Presbyters present at the ordinationof a Presbyter should join with the Bishop in the laying on ofhands."C. The reunited church, in adopting episcopal ordinationas its rule, would not ground its adoption of the rule on anyparticular theory of the origin or character of episcopal ordination,nor demand as necessary the teaching or acceptance ofany such theory."Some Presbyterian and Congregational churches in Englandseem already to have conceded what is called the "historicepiscopate" in conferences already held. Without this concession,it would seem that no progress can be made in the directionof unity under the present leadership of the movement.We recommend the following action:While this Synod very sincerely favors the unity of theenant, believe the tending Christian truth and that it church, of gives while the God sufficient proposed being that it stands such committed conference ground unity ready to may to expect with sacrifice this be the secured, a by unity circumstances our everything church it truth does cov­and but not at­

48 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEScriptural order that it can accept. The Synod therefore decidesnot to appoint commissioners to the World Conference atLausanne.W. J. COLEMAN, Chairman.A delegation from the Women's Synodical presented tothe Synod beautiful bouquets of white carnations, a memorialto the seventy-three members of that organization andthe missionaries who have been called to their reward sincethe last meeting two years ago.The Synod adjourned to meet Monday morning at 9:00o'clock. As a mark of respect to the memory of the womendeceased in the Women's Synodical and the missionaries whohave passed away, Synod stood in silence for two minutesbefore the prayer of adjournment, which was offered byJ. R. Wylie.MONDAY FORENOON, JUNE 13, 1927.Synod met pursuant to adjournment, was called to orderby the Moderator, and constituted with prayer by J. M. Coleman.The roll was called.Devotional exercises were conducted by R. C. Adams.The minutes of the last session were read and approved.Dr. J. C. Breckenridge, General Secretary of the WinonaAssociation, in a pleasing way extended the greetings ofthe Association and an invitation to meet at Winona as oftenas convenient.Dr. A. C. Gregg addressed the Court as the fraternaldelegate of the Synod of the Reformed Presbyterian churchin Scotland, and also brought the unofficial greetings ofthe Synod of Ireland. Mrs. Gregg was presented to theCourt and expressed her appreciation of the kindness andcourtesy which she and her husband have received from theAmerican church.T. M. Slater offered a resolution providing for a commemorationof the 400th anniversary of the death of PatrickHamilton. The resolution was adopted and the namingof a committee to make suitable arrangements was referredto the Committee on Nominations.P. J. McDonald, Chairman, read the report of the Committeeon Geneva College, which was taken up item by item.Pending discussion of item 1, Synod took recess until 2:00p. m., with prayer by J. R. W. Stevenson.

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 49MONDAY AFTERNOON, JUNE IS, 1927.Synod reconvened at 2:00 o'clock, was called to orderby the moderator, and led in prayer by elder W. R. Marvin.The minutes of the morning session were read and approved.R. A. M. Steele submitted his resignation as Synod'sEvangelistic singer. It was referred to the Committee onEvangelistic Work.The report of the Advisory Committee on Near EastRelief was read by F. M. Wilson, and taken up item by item.Following adoption of item 1, R. W. Redpath addressed theCourt as the representative of Near East Relief. Thereport was adopted as a whole and is as follows:REPORT OF ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON NEAR EASTRELIEF.The committee appointed under direction of Synod by theBoard of Foreign Missions has sought to keep in touch with thework of this relief organization. Our missionaries have beenable to observe its operations and in some measure to cooperate.Mr. R. W. Redpath visited some of the orphanages during hisrecent tour of the Near East. The members of the committeehave sought to acquaint themselves with the overseas work andwith the campaign plans in America. Our members have metindividually with Near East officials and committees from timeto time. The committee sent a letter to all our pastors last fall,requesting the observance of Golden Rule Sabbath in December.The claims of Near East Relief to our continued supportrest on these facts.34,000 orphans are still dependent on American charity;one-half of these are in the institutions; the other half havingbeen placed out in native homes, yet under supervision of NearEast Relief. These homes are not able to provide for theorphans and the expense must be carried for a time by theorganization. The continuance of this Christian charity is dependententirely on funds from America for a few years more.Supplemental emergency feeding has been necessary for over2000 children in the camps. Clinical and hospital aid, food, andsome personal service for about 3000 adults has been requiredand rendered. The "Near East Industries" inaugurated byNear East Relief, gives employment to about 13000 adults andgraduate orphans. This work is self supporting.We recommend:1. That Mr. R. W. Redpath be heard by Synod on behalf ofNear East Relief, and that ten minutes be allotted him for hisaddress, immediately following the adoption of this resolution.2. That Synod renew its endorsement of the work of Nearyear East an Relief advisory and committee.authorize the Board to appoint for another

50 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THE3. That our churches and Sabbath schools be urged to continuethe support of Near East Relief, and proper observanceof Golden Rule Sabbath.4. That all offerings of money be sent, as heretofore, to Mr.Joseph M. Steele, Treasurer of the Board of Foreign Missions.5. That the action of last year be reaffirmed, to-wit:that the Board allot at least 50 per cent of the collections ofthe Covenanter church to the Near East Relief for its generalwork, and that pastors and sessions be urged to open ourchurches to proper appeals on behalf of Near East Relief.FINDLEY M. WILSON,WALTER McCARROLL,SAMUEL R. BOGGS,EVAN W. JONES.The report of the Committee on Foreign Missions wasread by the chairman, J. D. Edgar, and considered item byitem. In connection with item 6, the missionaries presentwere presented to the Court by the Corresponding Secretaryof the Board. Miss Annie Laurie Kennedy spoke ofthe work in Latakia. Miss Lillian L. McCracken reportedthe findingsof the Conference on Foreign Missions held inthe Westminster Hotel preceding Synod. Julius A. Kempfspoke of the work in China, and the Corresponding Secretaryspoke on behalf of the Foreign Board. In accordancewith item 7, Synod was led in prayer by Samuel Edgar onbehalf of our foreign missionaries. The report was adoptedas a whole and is as follows:REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN MISSIONS.Your Committee on Foreign Missions respectfully reports:Three papers, the reports of the Board of Foreign Missions,of the Commissions of China and the Levant came to us forconsideration.We record our gratitude to God for the degree of prosperityin our foreign mission fieldsduring the past year in spite ofoutwardly adverse circumstances on some fields.In Turkey the situation is unchanged since last year. MissElma French, heroic soldier of the cross,still holds the fortalone at Mersina. We note this added feature in the situation.There is in process of execution the play on the part of theTurkish government to force to recant or to leave the country,the poor remnant of our distressed church. They are walkingtheir via dolorosa. We note, however, their courageous leaderMiss French says, "I am not lonely." The church should notcease to pray for her and this stricken district.The well-manned Cyprus field has taken a step forward inthe organization of two congregations, one at Nicosia, the otherat Larnaca. Every department of the field is functioning in aflourishing manner. Latakia district is at last securing an able

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 51superintendent for its boys school. We note with gratitude thatthe special prayers of our young people at last summer's Synodical,for a worker for Latakia Boys school in Latakia district Hasbeen answered.After these years of waiting, it is most gratifying to notethat Mr. Chester T. Hutcheson, accompanied by Miss Add M.Wilson, whose engagement was announced before they returnedhome from Cyprus, go as permanent workers to Latakia. Thisstation has fourteen flourishing schools and gospel centers inoutlying districts.China is torn and rent by opposing armies, brigands, andhatred of foreigners, yet none of our missionaries have beenharmed nor has any mission property been destroyed. Intercessoryprayer has been the key to the situation. Our missionariesgive evidence they are the stuff of which martyrs aremade. It is difficult to know whether our missionaries willsoon be back at their stations. Many of the workers from thisfield are at home and with us here.Unique in the history of the work of the Board of ForeignMissions, is the conference of missionaries held during thisSynod to cope with the problem of the disposal of unemployedmission workers laid aside by the strife in China. Findings ofinterest to this Synod are in the hands of Miss Lillian Mc­Cracken.We recommend:1. That we record our gratitude to God for preserving thework and workers during this trying year.2. That our people be urged anew to intercessory prayerin behalf of our missionaries, and that they be remembered asfar as possible daily, by name.3. That Synod place in the hands of the CorrespondingSecretary of the Board of Foreign Missions a sufficient numberof Synodical Dockets to send one to each missionary on the fieldwith our greetings, and that these be paid for out of the LiteraryFund.4. That letters of commendation and encouragement, preparedby the chairman of this committee, be sent by this Synodto the new Presbytery of China, the Commission in the Levantand to each of the new congregations in Cyprus.5. That the administration of the work of Foreign Missionsrests with the Board appointed by Synod for this purpose.This would be true even though an individual or group or congregationshould raise the salary of a missionary or missionaries.Synod believes that however the salary may be raised,the administration should be in the hands of the Board whichis responsible to Synod.for the Laurie asked held Court fifteen Board 6. during to by Kennedy That report be the minutes, this heard missionaries Corresponding the be Synod, heard, findings and behalf and that and present that of Secretary, the that the Rev. Corresponding Foreign work Miss be Julius now and for Lillian Mission ten that presented Kempf McCracken minutes. Secretary Miss Conference be to Annie heard the of" be

52 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THE7. That Synod engage in a season of prayer for our foreignmissionaries, led by one appointed by the Moderator.8. That F. M. Foster, J. C. McFeeters, F. M. Wilson, R. J.Bole and S. R. Boggs, whose term expires, be elected to succeedthemselves as members of the Board.9. That the Mission Study books recommended in the bodyof the report be commended to our people for study this year.J. D. EDGAR,ROBERT CLARKE,M. R. JAMESON,S. M. STEELE,WALTER ROSS.REPORT OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONSTo the Synod of 1927.We make grateful acknowledgment of the goodness of ourLord Jesus Christ who has protected all our missionaries fromviolence and disaster throughout another year. In the Levantthe service went forward with no outward opposition. Withthe revolutionary movement in China becoming increasinglycomplex, it is all the more remarkable that the missionarieswere so much of the time at their stations. Such friendly relationshad been established with the Chinese people, that atno time were our workers subjected to indignity or violence.At all times they were urged to remain and continue their work.With the results in all three fieldsof the Levant more thanusually encouraging, and with the native Christians in Chinadisplaying such powers of leadership and such devotion to duty,we may say the year as a whole has been a satisfactory one.We regret that so many of the missionaries are kept at home,and that those in China could not work without some interruptions,but we are not discouraged.The Presbytery was organized auspiciously in China. Thecommission in the Levant was reorganized. And congregationswere organized in Nicosia and Larnaca.We note again the passing of Dr. James M. Balph on September7. This honored and faithful servant of Christ hasentered into rest and reward. He served the Lord long andwell, won the love and gratitude of the Syrian people and onboth sides of the sea his friends rise up and call him blessed.His widow and children are commended to God for comfort.Last autumn Miss Elizabeth McElroy returned to her workin the Girls' School of Latakia, and she was accompanied byher sister, Miss Reah J. McElroy, who was appointed to assisther in the same school. Miss Mable Henderson was appointedto Nicosia and sailed at the same time. Mr. R. Z. Willson, appointedto the Boys' Academy, sailed later.Rev. Julius A. Kempf and Mrs. Kempf and Miss Alice Robbhave already arrived on furlough, and the furlough of Mr. andtention Mrs. and Miss In W. first briefly W. Cunningham Weir, of reviewing all Miss to some will Lola the be of Weir, work due the the encouraging Dr. last the and of Levant, Mrs. the facts month Esmond we in call of Smith June. at­

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 53Syria"Notwithstanding increased activities, we are able to makeanother substantial cut in our budget estimates," states the report,"owing to increased co-operation of the people in meetingthe expenses of the work." The board is sure the entirechurch will rejoice in this achievement. It registers markedprogress toward the goal of self-support in a field where therehave been peculiar difficulties in the way of native self-support,and the Synod will not be slow to give to our Syrian missionariesthe credit which is their due. This advance in self-supportwas carried into the Girls' School, the Boys' School, themountain schools, the medical department and the native congregationin Latakia.We call attention to the encouraging Bible work amongwomen. It is truly remarkable the way the Bible is finding itsway into the lives of all classes.The mountain schools and the Sabbath schools have continuedwith perhaps a little gain in both attendance and interest.One new mountain school was established the past year.These schools, each and all, furnish a base for evangelism.We direct attention to the fine report of Dr. Smith's work andnote that he treated professionally almost 4000 patients in theyear. Every interview furnished an opportunity for presentingthe Gospel. And the entire work of the mission in Syria is thebasis of increasing and ever widening colportage. Can anyoneread of the work of these colporteurs, traveling over wideareas with their precious word of life, reading to the people, explainingthe message and planting the Bibles in so many communities,without a joyous thrill of heart? Over an area 150miles long and 30 to 50 miles wide, more than 200 Bibles,more than 200 New Testaments and more than 1500 portionsof God's Holy Word were left in the hands of people so deeplyinterested as to buy the books. When our church reads thisstory many will pray that the good seed may bring forth fruitinto eternal life.Asia Minor.In Mersina much the same kind of work has been carriedon as in former years. Miss French lives in daily contact withthe people, reading the Bible and praying with them; holdingreligious meetings with none to hinder. She goes from houseto house to interview the people of all classes, finding an everincreasingnumber of open doors, and the people in larger numberscoming to seek her help and counsel with their problems.Every Sabbath is well filled with prayer meetings, Bible readings,Sabbath School and interviews. Miss French insists sheis not lonly. Many of the people are so kind and companionableand the Saviour is so consciously present with her at alltimes.Here vious The receipts also year. progress from When the In has medical the congregations been Island work registered of were Cyprus. were larger in organized all than departments.in in any Nicosia pre­

54 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEand Larnaca, three elders and three deacons were elected andordained in each congregation, and in each instance part of theofficers are Greeks and Armenians. With Rev. Cloyd E. Caskeygiving his entire time to the ministerial and evangelistic work,Mr. Weir assisting with the preaching in Larnaca; with boththe academies in a flourishing condition, and with the medicaldepartment ever widening in its scope, and with its work permeatedthrough and through with the evangelistic spirit expressingitself in every activity, the Board feels the church has everyreason to rejoice in the results.All the workers seem in good spirit, and, as far as theBoard can judge, all are making an honest effort to be whatwas intended when they were sent out.: True messengers ofJesus Christ. A careful reading of the extracts from the fieldreports is urged upon the members of Synod and of the wholechurch. We believe these reports contain records of serviceand devotion which, when read, will enkindle a similar devotionat home, and a material basis for prayer which will insure richblessing both at home and on these fields in the Levant.In China.The present situation is so uncertain that no one knowswhat a day or an hour may bring forth. No settled and constructiveprogram can be maintained until the Lord reveals Hiswill by the events of the future. There is now no Governmentworthy to be called the Government of China; no centralizedauthority that can speak for China or any considerable portionthereof. Yet our faith is in the reigning Lord Jesus. He whobegan the enterprise of saving the world will not be defeatedor turned aside. Faith sees in all these disturbances and revolutionarymovements the hand of the Saviour preparing for anew forward movement in His unending campaign for worldconquest. His unspeakable love has set Him to the task ofworld salvation. Early in September the strike on the WestRiver was so far broken or called off that our missionaries,with few exceptions returned to their stations. They were mostcordially welcomed by the native Christians, and, in most instances,by the Chinese people, officials and private citizensalike. The native workers were quite willing to co-operate withthe missionaries in all the work, and, in many instances, assumedduties of responsibility and leadership in larger measurethan ever before.The people at Tak Hing were very glad to have the hospitalin operation again, and treated Dr. Wallace and Miss Weekswith every kindness. When Miss Robb was detained by floodsfrom reaching Tak Hing on time to open the Girls' School thenative teachers opened the school and were carrying it on effectivelywhen she arrived three or four weeks later. Thisopened the way for them to carry more responsibility throughoutthe year than ever before. Likewise in Lo Ting the seeminglyadverse movements opened the way for Miss Dean to laythe in men like larger went manner, out responsibilities into trained new towns, evangelists, on the villages trained some and native of country them teachers. districts dispensary And to

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 55preach and teach. Thus new stations have been opened andlarge numbers who never before heard the Gospel have withinthe past year of trouble and anxiety been evangelized. Thusonce again the fires of persecution have served to scatter workersabroad and new torches have been lighted to show the way oflife.General Estimate of the Year.And, as we look back over the year now closed, it wouldbe wrong not to remind ourselves once again of the trulymarvelous way in which our Mighty Lord has protected andpreserved both missionaries and native Christians. Times unnumberedthere were demonstrations, actual or threatened,against the missionaries, the native workers, the Christian populationsas a whole, the schools—both pupils and buildings—the chapels, the hospitals—in short, against everything foreignand everything Christian. But in every instance a mightyfaith—perfectly futile except in its power to lay hold on God—clung Jacob-like to God. And in every instance that faith andtheir prayer prevailed. The power of God was released to saveand keep. Yet political conditions have not improved, butrather grown worse. In April the American Consul ordered allour workers to the coast, and there they now are, althoughformer warnings had been disregarded and the missionarieshad remained at their posts. Thus the work in all places—themain stations and outstations—is now in the hands of the faithfulnative Christians who have been in training these years forsuch responsibilities. Many thrilling instances of danger anddeliverance, of seeming success or seeming failure have beenprinted during the year, and many more will be found in thefield reports printed in this issue of Olive Trees.As for the future, we are as sure of the final success ofmissions in China as we are that Christ sits upon His throne.The Great Commission is still in force. It has never been injot or tittle revoked. The church of Christ is still under obligation—increasingobligation—to carry it out in all its comprehensivesweep, its uncomprising demands and its graciouspromises of world-wide redemption, Jesus Christ is this world'sLord and King. He shall not fail nor be discouraged until Hehas set judgment in the earth, and the isles shall wait for Hislaw. The kingdoms of this world shall become the kingdom ofour Lord and of His Christ. All peoples shall yet be blessedin Him. His glory shall fill the whole earth. "All authorityin Heaven and earth has been given unto me. Go ye thereforeand teach all nations—And lo, I am with you always—evenunto the end of the world."By Way of EmphasisThe Board makes particular mention of the followingpoints: wise that considered 1. the to open The proposal whether mission a new field not in in the practicable.China the present and Philippine the circumstances Board Islands, having have it would carefully decided be

56 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THE2. The Board feels that every proper effort should bemade to hold together intact our corps of workers,pending thetime when they may return to the field. Some of these havebeen well employed at home the past year, and we recommendthat as far as possible all who are on delayed furlough be employedby congregations or otherwise during the period of theirdetention from the fields abroad.3. For years the Board has been appealing for a youngman to take charge of the Boys' School in Latakia. It is withmuch satisfaction and thanksgiving to God that the Board isnow able to announce the appointment to this school of Mr.Chester T. Hutcheson, who will be accompanied by Miss Ada M.Wilson. The engagement of these young people was announcedwhile they were yet in Cyprus. Each has had four years' experiencein the academies in Larnaca and Nicosia, respectively,and both the mission and the church are to be congratulatedon the good fortune of securing the services of these trainedand experienced workers. They have accepted permanent appointment4. In June of last year Carithers' Hall was formally openedas a part of the American Academy at Larnaca. It is amemorial to the late French Carithers, a gift from the youngpeople of the church in America to the young men of the Islandof Cyprus. In November the mortgage was paid. It is free ofdebt and there is a balance which will be used as an endowmentfor the present to provide for the maintenance of the building.5. We believe that no achievement of the year has been ofmore importance than the founding of the "Prayer Groups" inthe home church. There are now enrolled with a secretary ateach station in our foreign missions members of our homechurches who have engaged together to pray regularly, definitelyand specifically for the success of the work. May the numbersof those enrolled increase, and their prayers become moreand more availing.6. A program has been prepared for the Foreign MissionsConference Friday evening of Synod.7. A statement of the financial needs has been made to theCo-ordinating Committee, and we have requested for next yearthe sum of $45,000.8. For mission study classes these books are recommended:For women: "A Straight Way Toward Tomorrow," by MaryS. Piatt. For young people: "New. Plans for Old Purposes,"by Margaret E. Burton. For intermediates: "Ministers ofMercy," by James H. Franklin. For juniors: "Please StandBy," by Margaret Applegarth.9. The term for which F. M. Foster, J. C. McFeeters, F.M. Wilson, R. J. Bole and S. R. Boggs were elected to theBoard has expired. Their successors should be chosen bySynod.towards for conference the 10. expenses war. Through in Washington Having of some Dr. paid oversight McCarroll on the proper sum last incurred Synod to attitude Dr. by failed McCarroll of attending the to churches provide this the

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 57Board requests Synod to reimburse its treasury, and suggeststhat the item be referred to the Committee on Finance. Theexpense was $18.11. The Board has appointed the corresponding secretaryto represent it on the floor of Synod, and was represented beforethe Co-ordinating Committee by Walter McCarroll.Respectfully submitted on behalf of the Board,FINDLEY M. WILSON, Corresponding Secretary.The Synodical collection for the expenses of Synod waslifted amounting to $71.81.It was announced that the Sabbath morning offeringamounted to $76.39. This was given to the Winona Associationas a token of appreciation for the freedom of thegrounds.R. J. G. McKnight was named fraternal delegate to theSynods of the Reformed Presbyterian Churches in Irelandand Scotland.The Moderator's sermon was requested for publication.The report of the Committee on National Reform wasread by A. A. Wylie and taken up item by item. In connectionwith item 3, Synod was addressed on behalf of the Associationby Mrs. Ella M. George and J. S. Martin. The reportwas adopted as a whole and is as follows:REPORT OF NATIONAL REFORM COMMITTEEThe report from the Covenanter members of the Board ofDirectors of the National Reform Association submitted toSynod shows a marked progress in the work of the Associationduring the past year. The efforts towards the enthronementof Christ as King of Nations have been both intensified andwidened. We rejoice in this revival of the work under thenew management.We note, with satisfaction, the successful financial operationof the association whereby it was not only able to keepfrom any further indebtedness, but was able also to make asubstantial payment on the indebtedness already incurred.The employment of a financial solicitor will no doubt be ofgreat assistance in establishing the organization on a morestable financial basis.We also note with pleasure the prominent place given theAssociation in the Winona Assembly program this year. Thisgives the Association a coveted opportunity for the publicity ofthe truth for which it stands. The list of speakers named ashaving a part in this educational hour, many of them of ourown members, assures us that the truth of Christ's kingship andthe Christian principles of civil government in their application

58 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEto the great moral problems with which the governments arenaturally and necessarily dealing all the while, will be clearlyand thoroughly presented.The program of action set forth in the report is a largeand worthy one. This program is in accord with the high purposesof the Association and commends it to our support. Theimportant items of the program are the holding in 1929 of agreat national conference to discuss and formulate a program onthe great moral problems of civil government, the continuation ofthe work at Winona Lake in the summer of 1928, the enlargementof the field force and the wider distribution of literature.Through such means, we believe the principles of righteousnessin civil life should receive a wide and effective publicity.We, also, note with approval the extensive work of educationplanned. When we view the Sabbath desecration, the evilsof divorce, ignorance of the Bible, the disregard for law andother evils, we realize the great need that exists for just sucheducation as the Association has given a place and has setas a part of its task.The legislative part of the program is also to be commendedand approved. This includes efforts to introduce into Congress theChristian Amendment, to obtain enactment into law of the LangfordSunday Rest Bill, to secure the reading of the Bible in thepublic schools, and to secure an amendment to the Constitutionof the United States making possible the abolition of polygamy.All of these should commend themselves to the church as worthyof united support.The literature of the Association is to be recommended tothose who wish to disseminate the Christian principles alongthe line marked out in this program. We call special attentionto the publication of the new revised edition of the Manual ofCivil Government. The Christian Statesman is ably edited andis to be encouraged in its fearless presentation of the principlesof righteousness.We propose the following recommendations:1. That Synod expresses its interest in the plans and workof the Association as outlined in the report, approves of theseand recommends them to our people as worthy of their earnestprayers and loyal support.2. That we name the sum of $10,000.00 as a guide to ourpeople in their financial support of the Association and encouragethem to contribute to the best of their ability to thiscause.3. That we now hear Mrs. Ella M. George and J. S. Martinin behalf of the Association.Respectfully submitted,A. A. WYLIE,S. E. GREER,J.R. C.H. r.ADAMS,Mcmullen,McBURNEY.

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 59REPORT OF THE COVENANTERS OF THE BOARD OF DI­RECTORS OF THE NATIONAL REFORM ASSOCIATION.It is with deep and loving gratitude to God for His guidinghand throughout the past year, that we submit this report. ToHis name be all the glory and praise for the work that has beenaccomplished in the interests of this great cause.The National Reform Ship is still sailing on with her gloriousbanner, "For Christ's enthronement as the King of Nations,"floating from her mast. Her mariners are full of faith andcourage because they know that the port will one day be reachedin safety. The chart and compass point true to the goal, "Thekingdoms of this world will become the kingdom of our Lordand Saviour Jesus Christ."Peace and harmony reign supreme among the workers.Our watchword is "cooperation." One unique feature of everyday's exercise is the assembling of the office force each morningfor prayer fof all who are laboring under the auspices of theAssociation.During the past year the Association has been stabilized bykeeping a close surveillance over the finances to see that theoutgo does not exceed the income. We have not only publishedall the literature below mentioned but we have paid off a debt of$2000 incurred by the former administration. The work has beenextended to many sections of the country from Florida on the restsouth to Michigan on the north, and from California on the westto New Jersey on the east.LiteratureNumber of single copies of Christian Statesman publishedJune 1, 1926, to June 1, 1927,-93,000 or 4,836,000 pages.Number of pamphlets published—65,000 or 790,000 pages.Number of pages of literature distributed free or sold—750,000 pages.Books PublishedThe Bible Indispensable in Education, by Dr. S. M. Ellis andWilliam Parsons—5000 copies or 850,000 pages.The Bible in the Schools or Chaos—5000 copies or 340,000pages.Revision and Republication of Manual on Civil Government—5000copies or 1,250,000 pages.Total copies of books published—15,000 copies or 8,816,000pages.Total copies of pamphlets published, including ChristianStatesman—158,000.David M. McFarland, brother of the missionary A. J. Mc­Farland, has been employed as financial solicitor to begin workSeptember 1, 1927.While this report is from June, 1926, to June, 1927, thefinancial part of it duly credited, is from November, 1925, toNovember, 1926, the fiscal year of the Association.

60 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEWINONA LAKE SUMMER WORKThe National Reform Association has been invited by theWinona Lake Assembly to take charge of one of its educationalhours, 10:30 o'clock each day from June 28 to July 30.Drs. R. C. Wylie, J. S. Martin, William Parsons, and R. H.Martin, also Hon. Charles F. Swift and W. S. Fleming will be incharge, each speaking for a week or thereabouts.A Christian Citizenship Conference will also be held at thesame place under the auspices of the National Reform Association,August 1-4.The speakers for this conference are the Hon. L. B. Day, ofthe District Court, Omaha, Nebraska, the Rev. Dr. W. J. Coleman,Mrs. Lulu Loveland Shepard, the Hon. G. Ellis Moore, ofthe U. S. Congress, and the Rev. J. M. Wylie, D. D.In addition to the above, the Hon. Simeon D. Fess, a memberof the United States Senate, is to give a patriotic addressunder the auspices of the Association here at Winona on theFourth of July.The above noted work has by the Winona Assembly beenmade a part, indeed the principal part, of its educational programfor the coming season, and the Assembly is therefore behindit with its publicity and influence generally. The natureof the program is, in brief, the unfolding of the Christian principlesof civil government in their application to the great moralPROGRAM OF ACTION FOR THE NATIONAL REFORMproblems with which governments are naturally and necessarilyASSOCIATIONdealing all the while.1. Holding, in the year 1929, of a great national conferenceto discuss and formulate a program on the great moral problemswhich now confront our nation and government in thelight of the Christian principles of civil government.2. The continuation of our work at Winona Lake, Indiana,for the summer of 1928.3. The inauguration of a campaign to enlarge the membershipof the Association and place greater emphasis upon themembership idea than has been done formerly, and to continueto encourage the enrollment of life and memorial members.4. The enlargement of the field force with the three-foldpurpose:1. Of reaching a greater number of people through pulpitand platform with the vital message of the Association.2. Increasing the number of those reached through ourofficial organ, "The Christian Statesman."3. A wider distribution of all pur literature.5. That in addition to, and in connection with, our basictask of proclaiming the Christian principles of civil govern-

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 61ment, we give prominence, in our educational program, to thefollowing specific reforms:1. The Sabbath, with reference to meeting the attacksof those who are seeking its overthrow and of educatingthe people regarding the necessity and value ofour Sabbath laws.2. Marriage and Divorce, with special reference to meetingthe flood • of present-day propaganda to breakdown the foundation principles of family life.3. The Bible in the public schools, with special referenceto the education of the people as to the right,not onlyto read the Bible, but also to teach its moral principlesupon a non-sectarian religious basis in our publicschools in order to prepare our youth for Christiancitizenship in the Republic.4. Mormonism, with special reference to its dangers toour home life and to the Republic. '5. Prohibition and law enforcement, with special referenceto meeting present-day attacks on the EighteenthAmendment and the Volstead Act.6. International peace, with special reference to militarism,the outlawing of war, the establishing of internationalmachinery for the settlement of internationaldifficulties by peaceable means, and the propagatingof the principles of the Prince of Peace in theirapplication to International problems.7. That the following be included in our legislative program:1. To take steps looking to the introduction into Congressof the Christian Amendment, to our Constitution.2. Efforts to secure the enactment of the Langford SundayRest Bill to secure a Sabbath law for the District ofColumbia, which was before the last Congress and isto be introduced into the next Congress when it convenesin December, 1927; also to secure the maintenanceand strengthening of our state Sabbath lawsthroughout the nation, and where deemed advisable, toassist in the enforcement of our Sabbath laws.3. The enactment of legislation on behalf of the Biblein the public schools in certain states, to be determinedlater.4. The securing of an amendment to the Constitution ofthe United States to make possible the abolition ofpolygamy throughout the nation.5. To aid in securing the enactment of better marriageand divorce laws, and especially of a Federal UniformMarriage and Divorce law.annual Herewith Committee report. find Covenanter annual Mrs. financial Ella Members M. George, report of Board as Chairman, part of Directors. of this, our

62 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEFINANCIAL REPORT NATIONAL REFORM ASSOCIATIONCash statement for year ending October 31, 1926.ReceiptsOverdraft first of year $ 2,011.42Current Receipts $65,677.50Interest Daily Balances $ 32.00Dividends 2,668.00Special Contributions 2,760.00 5,460.00R. M. Downey Bequest 2,262.50Mrs. Belle Houston Bequest— 450.00 2,712.50Acct. Winona 1927 500.00Acct. McAllister Manual 72.51Acct. Dr. ElhV Book 601.50 1,174.01 75,024.01Money Borrowed 500.00$73,512.59DisbursementsCurrent Expenses $70,434.51Interest on Loans $ 382.33Returned checks 53.55 435.88Revising McAllister Manual___ 300.00Dr. Ellis' Book 10.00Dr. Howard 1925 acct 1,000.00 1,310.00 72,180.39Cash on hand 1,332.20$73,512.59Audited byJ. F. Marthens, Jr., Public Accountant.The names of those to whom letters of sympathy shouldbe written were referred to the Committee on Nominations.Owen F. Thompson read the report on Bible Reading.The appointment of a new committee was referred to theCommittee on Nominations. The report was adopted as awhole and is as follows:REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON BIBLE READINGTo the Synod of the Covenanter church:Your committee on Bible Reading would respectfully report-There were ordered and supplied over the church duringthe past year, 3200 Daily Bible Readers, 124 Yearly BibleReaders, 10 dozen Memorizing Folders.

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 63Five hundred of the Daily Bible Readers went to Ireland.Twenty-eight Diplomas were granted for the completionof the course in the year. A number of these went to Syria.The financial item is as follows:ReceiptsDaily Bible Readers sold $ 86.34Yearly Bible Readers sold 6.80Gift to the work 7.80Balance from last year 5.16Total $106.10DisbursementsPrinting $ 95.00Postage 11.10Total $106.10There were about the usual number of Yearly Readersordered this past year but no more than two-thirds as manyDaily Readers as were ordered the year before. It is now timefor some new committee to take hold of this work and by newmethods and enthusiasm bring this department back to its properplace in the work of the church.The old diplomas are all used and new ones should be provided.We recommend:1. That a new committee be appointed to have charge ofthis work.2. That the committee on Bible Reading have a new supplyof diplomas prepared for use in the future; and thatthey be paid for out of the Literary Fund.3. That this department of the church work be recommendedto pastors and leaders for their help in cooperationwith the new committee.Signed by all the committee,Owen F. Thompson,Boyd A. White,The report of the Committee on John Adoption L. Patterson. of the Overturewas read by W. J. Coleman and taken up item by item.It was finally decided to postpone action on the adoption ofthe Overture for one year.The report of the special committee to which was referredthe Memorial from Rochester Presbytery and theResolution from New York Presbytery was read by Boyd A.White and taken up item by item. The report was amended,adopted as a whole, and is as follows:

64 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEREPORT OF SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON ROCHESTER PRES­BYTERY MEMORIAL AND NEW YORK PRES­BYTERY RESOLUTION.The special committee appointed to report on the memorialfrom Rochester Presbytery "Petitioning Synod that theministers who are on the supply list and doing the work of thechurch shall receive traveling expenses the same as in otherdepartments of the church's activities," and the resolution fromNew York Presbytery urgently requesting Synod, "to provideif possible a way by which all licentiates and unsettled ministerswho are able shall be continuously employed in the Lord'swork, making sure that they have a living over and above travelingexpenses," would respectfully report:That inasmuch as congregations and supplies are more andmore making their own pulpit arrangements, so that committeeson supplies are doing or can do little towards solving the financialproblem of ministers on the supply list, we can see no way ofsolving the problem since ministers and licentiates on the supplylist do not belong to any special department of the church's activitieswhich is able to provide traveling expenses, or to providethem with continuous employment. The only way we cansee whereby the situation may be helped is to recommend:1. That congregations be urged to give at least a monthof preaching opportunity to supplies who have any considerabletraveling expense to meet, and that the $25 per diem be paid.2. That unemployed ministers and licentiates not receivingappointments from committees on supplies inform the HomeMission Board of their lack of employment.3. That the Home Mission Board endeavor to provide employmentfor unemployed ministers and licentiates.Respectfully submitted,Boyd A. White,MONDAY EVENING, JUNE J. Clifford 13, 1927 Mathews,James S. Tibby.Synod reconvened took recess at until the appointed 7.30 p. m., hour, R. A. was Blair called leading toorder in prayer. by the Moderator, and led in prayer by elder J. R.Steele. The minutes of the afternoon session were read andapproved.The Clerk called the roll of those who have been members!of Synod for fifty years or more. As these nameswere called, the parties rose and were applauded by SynodIsaiah Faris, 57 years; J. C. McFeeters, 53 years; R. C Wylie,52 years; A. Kilpatrick, 51 years; J. R. Wylie, 50 years-J. M. Foster, 50 years; W. S. Fulton, 50 years. Those not

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 65present at this meeting of Synod were William McFarland,56 years; T. C. Sproull, 56 years; S. J. Crowe, 55 years;. J.F. Crozier, 53 years.Synod by rising votes, expressed its appreciation of theservices of 0. F. Thompson as Chairman of the Bible ReadingCommittee, and of the work of T. M. Slater in preparingthe Supplemental Studies for the Sabbath Schools.Paul Coleman submitted the report of the Committeeon Home Missions, which was considered item by item.Those present from the various home mission fields werecalled to the platform and presented to the Court. F. L.Stewart introduced Miss Elizabeth Forsythe to speak of thework in the Jewish Mission. M. K. Carson, Miss LytleStormont and R. A. M. Steele spoke of the work at theSouthern Mission. R. C. Adams and E. L. McKnight spokeon behalf of the Indian Mission. W. J. Coleman spoke onthe work in the smaller congregations of the church. Synodwas led in prayer on behalf of the home mission work by J.C. Slater. ' The report was adopted as a whole and is as follows:REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON HOME MISSIONSThe report of the Jewish Mission Board and of the HomeMissions Board have been referred to us.The Synod has reason to join with these boards in thanksto God for His grace to these portions of our work, and for theevidences in the reports of a growing efficiency in the managementof our missions in this land.We appreciate the outline of the weekly schedule of our JewishMission work contained in the report of that board and thesteady co-operation of our Philadelphia Covenanters in the missionactivities. The plan to add a new feature to their manifoldwork illustrates the adaptability of our workers, who throughtheir presentation of the Word of God and the gospel in everydepartment provide a basic unity for it all. The work amongthe Jews is admittedly difficult, but it has a definite promise offuture success, and our mission may help to furnish the leaderswho shall lead their people to Christ.The loyalty of our smaller congregations in face of financialdifficulty and spiritual hard times is what we expect of Covenanters,and still we commend it. The rules under which aid isgranted should be welcomed as an outline of healthy congregationallife, rather than resented as a penalty for being small.Covenanters are used to small congregations, and all congregations,large or small, should seek to attain the highest faithfulnessin the performance of duty. That these little groupshave furnished so many of our ministers is evidence of theirspirit of courage. Presbyteries should co-operate with our boardern in the We Mission. aid rejoice of The these in the annual congregations.record evangelistic of another services good year are a in wise the method South­

66 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEfor gathering the fruits of Bible teaching and Christian training.We appreciate the devotion of our teachers there; andsuch evidence of it as was shown by Miss Stormont last year,is inspiring. We regret that the time has come when Mrs. Robbfeels it necessary to conclude her splendid work in the SouthernMission. We wish to congratulate her that when she lays downher work in Selma she has the memory of a service whose unusuallength is matched by her loving earnestness in it.We understand somewhat of the present difficulties of thework in our Indian Mission, and the quality of faith requiredto persevere amid disappointment. We believe that the presentpolicy has been carefully and prayerfully chosen and in theend must succeed in winning the Lord's chosen ones from amongthat people.We make the following recommendations:1. That we ask the entire membership of the church toco-operate with the plan of our Home Mission Board to securedefinite intercession for the needs of the departments of workunder its care.2. That the Home Mission Board seek to gather a list ofpersons willing to do local mission work, together with a recordof such recommendations as would prove their fitness;in orderthat congregations desiring such workers might know how tofind help, and that the Board itself might, if possible, be able touse them for a time in congregations not able to support apastor. Ministers should send in names of such workers.3. That we express our gratitude to God for the recoveryof our veteran leader of the Indian Mission, W. W. Carithers,and for his presence at this Synod.4. That Joseph M. Steele, Mrs. S. A. S. Metheny and J. R.McMullin be chosen to succeed themselves on the Jewish MissionBoard.5. That E. L. McKnight, R. A. Blair, J. S. Tibby and T.H. Martin be reappointed on the Board of Home Missions; andD. H. Elliott and D. C. Ward be appointed to fillout the unexpiredterms of A. J. Khouri and A. C. Coulter, and that A. A.Wylie be added to the board.6. That Frank L. Stewart be heard in connection with theadoption of this report on behalf of the Jewish Mission; M. K.Carson and R. A. M. Steele on behalf of the Southern Mission;R. C. Adams and E. L. McKnight in behalf of the Indian Mission,and W. J. Coleman in behalf of Home Missions.7. That Synod engage in a season of prayer in behalf ofthis work at the close of the discussion of this report.Respectfully submitted,PAUL COLEMAN,F. E. ALLEN,J. A. KEMPF,REPORT Your In The many Board year OF respects of has BOARD Home been we Missions full OF could of HOME the have would goodness MISSIONSwished respectfully R. S. of for R. J. our MARTIN, a WILLS. Covenant much report-largerGod

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 67measure of what we call success, while in other regards we seeand rejoice greatly in the manifest favor of the Lord.Our Board meetings have been well attended, a deep interestin the work has been shown and the spirit of prayer has beenvery evident. Your Board is persuaded that the largest achievementsin the Kingdom of God are to be attained by way of theThrone of Grace. During the year a plan has been devised andset in operation whereby to enlist the whole church in a moredefinite, comprehensive and continuous intercession for ourHome Mission work. We would most earnestly appeal to thewhole church for united believing and importunate prayer forthe work in our entire Home Mission field. May our God pourout upon the church the spirit of prayer and of supplicationand may the great Hearer of Prayer grant an abundant answer.In some departments of our work we have not received sufficientfunds to balance our expenditures, hence we are under theunpleasant necessity of reporting some rather heavy deficits.We trust that in the year to come, the Lord will prosper Hispeople in a material way and give them liberal hearts, so thatthere will be sufficient money to meet all the needs of the church.Your Board is called upon to report that, during the year,two of its members have finished their labors on earth and havepassed on to their reward. Rev. Anthony Khouri died early inthe year and Mr. A. C. Coulter within the last few weeks.With the death of Mr. Khouri, his work among the Syrians ofPittsburgh and vicinity came to an end, since there was no oneavailable to take his place. We wish to put on record the highestimation with which we value the work done by Mr. Khourithrough a number of years. It is greatly to be regretted thatthis work had to be suspended. Some of the Syrian membersplaced their certificates with nearby congregations of our church.Others, we fear, will be lost to the church. Mr. Coulter wasvery careful, conscientious and painstaking in all his work assecretary of the Board, in which capacity he served for a greatmany years. He did all his work faithfully. He will be greatlymissed from our meetings.Home MissionsThe supplements voted by Synod to aid-receiving congregationshave been paid. In a few cases where money was placedin the hands of the Board to be used at our discretion, we haveacted according to our best judgment, always endeavoring tooffer aid and encouragement as far as possible. Your Board ispleased to note that Presbyteries are taking a lively and intelligentinterest in the welfare of congregations under theircare. Much is being done and we earnestly hope that muchmore will be done to foster and encourage all our congregations,but especially those that hold on and labor faithfullythat under not and every continue Covenanter become the one most allowed and maintaining of church a discouraging them, to great to fulfill flickerout, must beacon of her and FIRST come mission circumstances.casting building but to importance rather in its up very rays world. be of May practical fanned far our if our and the To congregations,church into your near. little realization a Board flame light is The to

68 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEit seems impossible to lay too great emphasis upon this faWe do not believe that the church has yet awakened to the tremendousnecessity of holding the fort, even at very great cost,at those points where work has been begun, a foothold gainedand the blue banner planted. NO COVENANTER CONGRE­GATION SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO DIE IF IT CAN BEKEPT ALIVE BY THE HELP OF THE OTHER CONGRE­GATIONS OF THE CHURCH. "Bear ye one another's burdens,and so fulfill the law of Christ." We MUST have moremoney to supplement pastors' salaries in our smaller congregationsand the congregations themselves MUST aid in furnishinga more adequate support to those who labor among them inword and doctrine. There must be throughout the church alarger, more earnest and persevering intercession for the workand workers in all our congregations. We began the year witha deficit in the Home Mission treasury of $2,203.17. Receipts forthe year, $16,266.91. Expenditures, $17,479.52. Balance overdrawnApril 1, 1927, $3,415.78. We request for this Missionfor the coming year, $15,000.00.Southern MissionAn unusually good year has been enjoyed at Knox. The enrollmentwas 540. The attendance, as for a number of years,was up to the capacity of the school. It was not necessary,however, to turn away so many applicants this year as formerly.Prof. Mclsaac writes, "For many reasons this year has been apleasant, and I think a profitable one, and chief among thesereasons was the adding of Miss Lillian McCracken to our teachingforce. Her help enabled us to do our customary work better,and to add some other things that were of benefit to theschool." Weather conditions and health conditions have alsofavored us this year. There have been but few stormy days, andso school attendance has been good. None of the teachers andfew of the pupils have been out on account of sickness. Thegraduating class of the High School this year numbered 14, 6boys and 8 girl's. This is the largest class to graduate for anumber of years. The study of the Bible and of the Catechismhas been carried on in all the grades and in most of the roomsthe Sabbath School lesson has been taught some period duringthe week.At the beginning of the school year, Miss Lytle Stormont,one of our highly appreciated teachers, offered to return to theMission for this year without salary on condition the Boardwould add another worker to the force. This generous offer wasaccepted and Miss Lillian McCracken was chosen.We were glad to be able to add Miss McCracken to the forceat Selma. Her labors madeit possible, in addition to what hasalready been noted, to give more attention to the spiritual lifeand problems of the pupils. This, we consider, of vital importance.Fowler, fifty-four Stormont, Selma. The The work assisted which Board in girls Domestic by has deeply have some made received appreciates of Science possible the senior instruction has this the been girls. additional self-sacrifice carried in One cooking hundred on service by and of Miss sewing. and at

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 69Eighty-five boys, under the direction of Prof. Bottoms, have receivedinstruction in shop work; also under the same supervision,the elder boys have made many repairs in and about the schoolbuildings.Miss Fowler has been connected with the Mission for 25years. Some of her many friends throughout the church, wishingto show their appreciation of her long and faithful service,sent her some money to be used as she wishes. She has decidedto place a drinking fountain in the girls' building. This will be afine improvement as well as a great convenience.' The Boardwishes to express its appreciation of this generous act on thepart of Miss Fowler.jIn the Home Department the work of the year haslpeen veryencouraging. We shall allow Mrs. Robb, who is in charge ofthis department, to tell the story. "Our little reading room israpidly taking on the appearance of a real library. A largenumber of desirable books have been added during the year andour tables have been kept well filledwith papers and magazines.The usefulness of our library has extended beyond the bounds ofKnox Academy to all the other colored schools of Selma, also tothe surrounding community. Approximately 2,300 pupils availedthemselves of the library privileges during the year and over1,800 books have been taken out for reading. We have kept upthe mothers' meetings, holding three each month. It is gratifyingto see how some of the women have acquired the ability toconduct a meeting and take part in the discussion. Many ofthem express themselves as being greatly helped by attendingthe meetings. A taste for reading is being cultivated amongthem. They are eager to get the papers and magazines givenout at each meeting. At a recent meeting a number testifiedhow much benefit they had received from the papers. We couldprofitably spend much time visiting in the homes. As a rule themothers who need the most help do not attend the meetings.They can be reached only by going to their homes. Mrs. Senegalis a great help in this part of the work. Mrs. French and myselfgo out Sabbath afternoons into the alleys and back streetsand hold little class meetings, wherever we can get a few together;also, visit shut-ins and read the Bible and pray withthem. We give out religious literature in the homes, also alongthe streets and hold religious conversation with many as we goon our rounds. We try to speak a word for Jesus wherever wecan. We feel that we have been wonderfully blessed in our workthis year, and we want to thank the Master for all His benefitsto us as workers in His vineyard.The Board regrets to announce Mrs. Robb's retirement fromthe work. She has resigned, and will give up her labors as soonas her successor has been found and installed in the work. Mrs.Robb has given 20 years of most effective service to the Southernthe us speaking work greatly here life Mission for as missed, of have of the well." the Mrs. and past relied colored not she Robb, 20 only for has years people says: information been the and "She engaged mission she vital has and the points. circle, been one advice. a associated work on but Prof. whom by that She Mclsaac the with most touches will colored the be of people in

70 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEEncouraging reports come from the Sabbath School of thecongregation. They have 148 enrolled, with an average attendanceof 115. There are 12 classes, flvein the primary and sevenin the advanced department. Increase of interest and spiritualgrowth are evident. The young people's society is also doinggood work.Early in the spring, Dr. W. J. Coleman, Rev. M. K. Carsonand Mr. R. A. M. Steele, by appointment of the Board, visitedthe Mission and held a series of evangelistic and witness-bearingmeetings. The Superintendent writes of their visit: "We recordwith high appreciation the visit of your representatives, Dr. W.J. Coleman and his associates, Rev. M. K. Carson and Mr. R. A.M. Steele. Through their preaching of the Word, their talks inchapel, along with their conferences with the pupils in smallergroups, they made plain to them what it means to be a Christian.Dr. Coleman presented the principles of our church in so plain away that all could understand, and with such reasonableness thatantagonism was entirely disarmed. Mr. Steele's singing addedmuch to the meetings. These special meetings have come to bea part of the yearly program at Selma and your Board is persuadedthat they are essential in making up the success of theyear's work.Our deficit in this mission treasury at the beginning of theyear was $299.83. Receipts for the year amounted to $11,920.31.Disbursements $14,703.52. Deficit April 1, 1927, $3,083.04. Werequest for this Mission $12,500.Indian MissionWhen the work was begun among the Indians years ago, itseemed wise to secure and operate a farm in connection with themission. This was done and the years have apparently justifiedthis policy. Conditions in recent years, however, have vastlychanged. Dr. Carithers, who had been superintendent of themission since its inception and who was compelled to give upthe work on account of ill health about five years ago, recommendedto the Board at that time that the combined operationof the mission and the farm be discontinued and that the farmbe sold or rented. After much prayer and careful considerationof the matter, it was decided to separate the farm from themission work proper and rent it. The farm was rented to Mr.Clay Williams, who had been the farmer at the mission for anumber of years, and who with his wife are good workers. Thestock and farm implements were sold at public sale. The grainwas also put on the market. The money from the sale of stock,implements and grain was placed in the treasury of this missionand this accounts for the balance in this fund this year. Someextensive, necessary repairs on the mission buildings have beenordered by the Board and are at present under way. This willconsume quite a part of the balance reported this year. Underthis new arrangement, the missionary is wholly relieved of thedency porarily. responsibility this strength Early plan and to will in Mr. Rev. the prove of Adams, R. mission year, the C. a farm Adams great Rev. with work. and Paul advantage his was is Your family White free chosen Board to to went resigned give to the fill is to his work. very the Apache the whole vacancy hopeful superinten-time the first that tem­and

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 71of September last and commenced the work. Mr. and Mrs. Adamshave labored faithfully through the year and at times undervery discouraging circumstances. The Board is pleased withthe devotion and efficiency with which they have taken up thework.Quite a number of Indians who had professed Christ haveseemingly gone back to the old life. Especially is this true ofthe Apaches, about thirty of whom joined the church two yearsago. The Indians, like the whites, have many temptations, butthe most insidious and disastrous at the present seems to bepeyote. This is some kind of a root imported from Mexico, extensivelyused among the Indians, with most injurious effect.Some of them claim it to be a necessary part of their religiousrites and employ it in connection with their worship. Othershold it to have medicinal value and use it for the cure of diseases.We believe, however, that in the main, the Indian uses itfor the same reason the white man uses whiskey, because ittickles his palate and imparts the kind of feeling he likes toexperience. It is an Indian form of intemperance and selfindulgence.Peyote has been the stumbling block for manyIndians, either to keep them from accepting Christ or to turnthem aside after they had made a profession of the Christianreligion. We all need to pray most earnestly against this awfulcurse.The work has been very difficult at the mission this year, butwe are exceedingly glad to report that during the last fewmonths the prospect is more encouraging. The Holy Spiritseems to be at work and as a result we see evidences of newlife, new interest, new consecration. Mr. Adams writes: "Duringthe eight months that we have been laboring here we haveexperienced a great variety of feeling concerning the work, oftentimesgreatly perplexed and not a little discouraged, but at othertimes quite a little encouraged. At no other place at which wehave labored have we experienced such sudden changes, whenwe reached the most encouraging stage things went to smash.Darkness seemed to come at noonday."The devil is fighting furiously, but we trust that throughthe prevailing prayers of the church, he will be compelled torelinquish his grip upon this people. The many letters receivedfrom praying friends have been a great source of encouragement.We have had a number of answers to prayer and thesehave increased our faith and we hope will lead us forward toattempt greater things for Him."Again Mr. Adams writes: "The attendance at church hasbeen considerably better since the time for meeting was changedfrom afternoon to morning. During our time of service here wehave made 135 calls in the homes. Such visiting is encouragingto both pastor and people. The pastor, with a member of theers helpful. everythingsessionhomes method Mr. together. are of Adams,andmembers Last the caring twocongregation. come night Such in fororof speaking things his threethree the way Indian prayer brother areotherWe and further, encouraging. has group feltmembers,not Indians pauperized that give says: formed." came such anything.visitedThese "The him. a to plan prayermostthree GovernmentHe But was expectsofbroth­meet­some verythe

72 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEof the younger members of the congregation are of a differenttype and are willing to take hold of things and to help in afinancial way as well as in other ways."The chairman of the Board visited the mission this springand assisted with communion. Very few of the Apaches attendedany of the services. The Comanches attended fairlywell, although not as one could have wished. Thirty-six sat atthe table, approximately two-thirds of whom were Indians. Deepinterest was manifested on the part of those who attended themeetings. Two adults joined the church on profession of theirfaith. Some others reconsecrated themselves to Christ. At theclosing service Sabbath night, a few minutes were given to testimonyand a number of the Indians as well as whites testified tothe goodness of God in their lives, the joy they have in walkingthe Jesus road and the blessing that had come to them duringthe communion services.In speaking of the communion Mr. Adams writes: "Thespirit of the people was fine. I suppose the best meeting of allwas the one of the session for the reception of new members.Two persons came to join and two others to reconsecrate themselves.To the latter two nothing had been said, but they cameof their own accord. After one of these had said he would reconsecratehimself, the desire to rededicate our lives to theservice of the Lord in a fuller way gripped all present and allrededicated themselves to the Lord. Then a prayer-covenantwas formed by the twelve persons present and all agreed to prayregularly for one another and for others. This group, with someothers who later expressed the same desire to pray, will meetonce a month for prayer. We hope that this group will bringnew power to the congregation. We solicit earnest prayer forthis group, for the devil will try hard to block things." We maylay the burden of the Indian Mission upon the prayer-life of theCovenanter church.At the beginning of the year, we faced a deficit in the fundsof this Mission of $746.12. Receipts for the year, $7,407.84.Expenditures, $4,482.89. Balance on hand April 1, 1927, $2,-178.83. We request for this Mission $1,500.We recommend:1. That Synod recognize the supreme importance of maintainingall our weak congregations.2. That Synod make a special effort to enlarge the budgetitem for Home Missions, with a view to using the money for theincrease of pastors' salaries.3. That we urge the entire church membership to pray dailyfor the outpouring of the Holy Spirit on the work and theworkers in all parts of our Home Mission field.4. That at the close of the discussion of the report of theCommittee on Home Missions, Synod engage in a period ofprayer for our Home Mission work.the and should The Your unexpired T. be H. term Board chosen Martin for term requests at which were of this A. elected E. meeting Synod J. L. Khouri, McKnight, has to of elect expired the deceased, Synod. D. R. A. H. and and Blair, Elliott their D. C. J. successorsto Ward fillout S. Tibby to

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 73fill out the unexpired term of A. C. Coulter, deceased, and thatA. A. Wylie be added to the Board.M. K. Carson and R. A. M. Steele have been named by theBoard to speak before Synod on behalf of the Southern Mission.R. C. Adams and E. L. McKnight in behalf of the Indian Mission,and W. J. Coleman in behalf of Home Missions.Respectfully submitted on behalf of the Board,E. L. McKNIGHT, Chairman.REPORT OF THE JEWISH MISSION BOARDThe Jewish Mission Board respectfully reports:We have held five regular meetings during the synodicalyear. We have appreciated the untiring services and sacrificesof our two faithful missionaries, Miss Annie Forsyth and MissElizabeth Forsyth.In reviewing the past year's work we feel that our Missionbuilding has been a blessed beacon light to the stranger in ourmidst. The Word of God is displayed in the windows of theMission building in Hebrew and Yiddish that he who passes mayread. The Bible thus speaks though silently. Some of our Jewishfriends are seeking the truth as it is in Jesus, like Nicodemus,secretly. Pray unceasingly that they may have the courageof their conviction to openly acknowledge Christ as theirMessiah.Our people have been asking us of the nature and the characterof the work that is being done in the Jewish Mission. TheBoard thought it fitting that an outline of the week's workshould be here stated.On Sabbath there is the regular Sabbath School at 2:30 p. m.It has been carried on with the faithful help of Miss SarahArcher, Mrs. J. C. Graham, Dr. Ralph W. Duncan. Some of thechildren remain after the Sabbath School to read the Bible. TheSabbath evening service was mostly devoted to praise, readingof parallel passages on the subject selected. A Bible quiz oftenstimulates the children's interest.On Monday there are no regular classes. The missionariesuse this day for purchasing supplies, etc.On Tuesday the morning is used for visiting homes and inpreparing for the Jewish mothers' meeting. The mothers andtheir smaller children meet at 1:30 in the afternoon. At thismeeting several Psalms are sung, a portion of Scripture is readin Yiddish by one of the mothers, a Bible lesson is given, andprayers are offered. Then there is held a short social sessionwhich helps to gain the confidence of the Jewesses. The mothersinvariably unburden their hearts at this meeting, telling theirtroubles, sorrows, and difficulties. Here the Spirit and His Wordmanifest power to comfort. The girls' play hour follows at 3:30p. m. This is followed by a fifteen-minute devotional exerciseand Bible story.for hour made; (acknowledging On the is Wednesday Thursday and followed boys' a group general by of the the a gifts, which preparation play morning visiting etc.), hour, meets tour is such and for spent after is the preparing as made school. games, weekly visiting, The the etc. sewing letter community.Bible class writingstory is

74 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEThe girls' sewing class meets at 3:30 p. m. Miss Mattie Henryand Miss Agnes Hogan render valuable service. The class closeswith Psalm singing, reciting Scripture, Bible story, and prayer.During the fall and winter months "The Lincoln Boys' Club"held weekly meetings on Thursday evenings. About 16 boys arein this club, their ages ranging from 14 to 18 years. They heldtheir business meetings in the Mission building and had an occasionalbasket ball game in the gymnasium of the nearby M. E.Mission Church.On Friday the day is spent in visiting and in planning for theprayer meeting of that evening. Verses of Scripture are typewrittenfor the use of the smaller children at the evening meeting.Three evenings a month the Young People's Society fromeach of our Philadelphia churches assist in these services. Thechildren of the mission have the firstpart of the program. Theyannounce the Psalms, recite Scripture verses, and lead in thesinging. Our visiting friends tell the Bible Sabbath SchoolLesson Story; and explain the Bible pictures which are exhibitedby lantern slides. The auditorium is usually filled. There aremore Jewish women that are attending now than formerly whichis encouraging.On Saturday morning the whole building is given a very thoroughcleaning. Some cleaning is done every day to keep thebuilding attractive and neat. The L. T. L. meets at 2:30 p. m.to learn temperance mottoes, songs and slogans. At 4:00 o'clockthe Girls' Patriotic Club meets. At roll call each gives a verseof Scripture. Then they have a business meeting and a roundtable, a cooking lesson, or a game. From their dues of threecents a week they contributed $2.00 to the Near East relief and$2.00 to the Girls' Summer Camp.Saturday night the Russian Christians hold a prayer meeting-from 7 until 9 o'clock. A number of our ministers and laymenhave very acceptably addressed these Russian Christiansand were highly appreciated by them. These people buy fromthe mission Bibles and portions of Bibles in Hebrew, Yiddish,Russian, Polish, Serbian, and Roumanian languages. They aidin distributing tracts also. The Mission obtains a permit whichenables these Russian Christians to hold open air services in thePark Square where they reach many who would not enter achurch or a mission building.Daily Bible readings are read by a number of our children atnoontime. Bible verses and Psalms are also learned at thistime. There are daily inquirers and callers seeking help, sympathyand advice. The Penny Saving Fund teaches the childrenthrift. The Jewish mothers also save for their winter coal.Groups of our children were sent to the country through theCountry Week Association. Many one-day outings were giventhe children. At the special evangelistic services held in theSecond Church, Philadelphia, last October, 18 of our childrenresponded personal constantly taking ary, The said: their Mission Savior. to "During moving places. the is Gospel in away the Rev. a changing many call from Kuldell, and years the accepted a community Hebrew of my Jesus ministry and Christian and the people I new mission­baptized as folks their are

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 75forty persons and today I do not know where any of them are."The tract ministry by mail is being started in the hope ofreaching Jews beyond the Mission. The prayers and the supportof the Church are earnestly requested for this new work. Thatthe Jewish Mission Work has been on the hearts and minds ofour people is manifest by the many and generous gifts receivedfrom the Women's Missionary Societies, Young Ladies' MissionarySocieties, Juniors, Sabbath School Classes and individualfriends. The workers are deeply grateful for the encouragingletters received from Prayer Groups telling us the Mission andmissionaries are being interceded for specially at the Throne ofGrace.Your workers would welconfie visits from all Covenanterministers and friends who may be passing through the city.The Board asks the Synod this year for $3,846.00. The secretarywas appointed to represent the Board in the Co-ordinatingCommittee and on the floorof the Synod.The terms of Joseph M. Steele, Mrs. S. A. S. Metheny and J.R. McMullin expire with this meeting of Synod, and their successorsshould be appointed.C. Mathews,Respectfully submitted,FRANK L. STEWART, Secretary.Synod adjourned TUESDAY till 9:00 FORENOON, a. m. tomorrow, JUNE li, prayer 1927 by D.[athews.Synod met according to adjournment, was called toorder by the Moderator, and constituted with prayer by T.C. McKnight. The roll was called.Devotional exercises were conducted by Paul D. Mc­Cracken.The minutes of the previous session were read and approved.The Committee on Foreign Missions submitted the letterswhich it was directed to prepare conveying the greetingsof Synod to the new Presbytery in China, the Commissionin the Levant, and the new congregations in Larnaca andNicosia, Cyprus. The letters were approved and orderedforwarded with the signatures of the officers of Synod.Synod resumed consideration of the report of the Committeeon Geneva College. In accordance with item 7, PresidentPearce and D. H. Elliott spoke on behalf of the College.In response to a call, Dr. A. C. Gregg spoke of the educationalwork in Scotland. The report of the Committee wasadopted as a whole and is as follows:

76 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEREPORT OF COMMITTEE ON GENEVA COLLEGEYour Committee on Geneva College would respectfully report:Three papers were referred to us: The Report of the Trusteesof Geneva College, Report of the Corporators of GenevaCollege and a paper from Sterling, Kansas.Four years ago in this place after long and serious discussionand earnest prayer, our Geneva College was launched upona new era of her history, having effected a complete reorganizationof charter, constitution, Board of Trustees, faculty, curriculumand budget. It was with much trepidation that thenew program was undertaken, but with strong faith upon thepart of its sponsors that we might ask great things of God.Events have proven that the faith and asking were not in vain.In the year 1923 when the hew order was adopted, therewere in all a student enrollment of 966. This year, 1927, reportedan enrollment of 1,519, an increase of nearly 60 percent. In 1923 the faculty numbered seventeen, today thirty.Then Geneva had an endowment of $280,000.00. This year'sreport gives an endowment of $614,000.00. In 1923 Geneva'sathletic field was a sorry affair, today she rejoices in the possessionof about the finestcollege stadium in western Pennsylvaniavalued at above $100,000.00. Many other improvementsand features of progress may be shown in practically every departmentthat go to make the church proud of her college andprofoundly thankful that the Lord has shown his face and favor.Thus the progress and standing of the college in the communityand among other institutions of her class justify the wisdomof the steps taken four years ago.The Synod should record its appreciation of the servicesrendered by its well-chosen and capable Board of Trustees andfaculty. We especially commend the open-hearted franknesswith which President Pearce takes the church into his confidenceand by his sterling qualities wins an ever-wideningcircle of friends for the college. We likewise commend theuntiring zeal of Vice-President Clark and Secretary Martinfor the college and its growing work.Attention should be called also to worthy efforts upon thepart of the faculty toward an advanced scholastic standing.In addition to the number of the faculty members who alreadyhave the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, another has practicallycompleted the work for the same and three others are given aleave of absence for the same purpose. While these teachersare absent the high standing of efficiency is maintained by substituteswhose ability is well known.We also note Geneva's growing place in the interest of thepublic and the church by the steady growth in the number andcharacter of those who matriculate in the day school and especiallyof Covenanter students. We heartily approve of theotherwise plan Nor Extension ministering would to assist be and we to without large Covenanter fail Summer to the numbers recognize opportunity School students from Departments the of year coming value a college to and from year as training. work a a who means distance. of would the We of

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 77are also glad to note such student activities in forensic, athleticand academic contests which show a high rank of abilitywhen brought into competition with students of other colleges.Athletic sports have an important place in college life, butare capable of perversion through unworthy methods and management.We are gratified to note that our college managementstands uncompromisingly for clean, sane athletics and areseeking their development to an extent sufficient to accommodatethe largest number of the student body.Although the money market is beginning to show signs ofcontracting, it is gratifying to know that large collections onpledges have increased the paid-up endowments by nearly$209,000.00. However, it does not seem advisable to carry agrowing overdraft in a current account already large.Lastly, but not least, we commend the care given to thereligious life and training of the students. The school thatneglects this, neglects education. The Christian college thatslights it in any degree forfeits her right to the support ofChristian people. We are most thankful to be informed of theincreasingly large place given to Bible instruction and its beingmade a requirement of every student taking a course of studyin Geneva. Also evangelism has not been neglected, but earnestefforts have been made to bring the students face to face withChrist and a life of Christian service.The memorial from members of the Sterling congregationrelative to the employment of a coach in Geneva, who has hismembership in the Roman Catholic Church, is signed by fifteenpersons.We recognize the interest which every Covenanter has inChristian education and in keeping our institutions free fromall taint and cause for criticism, yet we feel that while duecaution should always be exercised by our college authoritiesin the employment of those who serve the college in any officialcapacity, the matter in petition should be left in the hands ofthe Board of Trustees and faculty of the college in whose characterand management we have full confidence.We recommend:1. That the petition from members of the Sterling congregationbe referred to the Board of Trustees of Geneva Collegefor their careful consideration.2. That every effort be made by the College Board to balanceher current expense budget from year to year.3. That in connection with the Bible Department, definiteefforts be made to train students in practical evangelistic work.It is suggested that a prize be offered from year to year forthe best essay on evangelism.4. That earnest prayers be offered throughout the churchin behalf of the Board of Trustees, faculty and students thatchurch various all Christo 5. may That for branches et be Patria." kept gifts, the college loyal of annuities Christian to be God's commended and education.Word bequests and to exalt for the generosity promotion her motto, of "Pro the

78 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THE6. That James S. Tibby be chosen his own successor as amember of the Board of Corporators.7. That Drs. Pearce and Elliott be heard on the floor ofSynod.P. J. McDONALD,E. A. CROOKS,R. W. REDPATH,R. J. BOLE,W. A. RUSSELL.REPORT OF BOARD OF CORPORATORSThe Board of Corporators makes the following report:We have held one annual meeting at the college, June 7,1927, for the purpose of electing officers for the ensuing year,and our regular annual meeting for the transaction of anybusiness that may come before us, also two adjourned meetings.The following officers were elected: Alexander Kilpatrick,President; James M. Coleman, Vice-President; George M. Robb,Secretary; Mr. James S. Tibby, Treasurer.The Board of Trustees was chosen for one year from themembership of the Covenanter Church as follows: T. M. Slater,D. H. Elliott, D. C. Mathews, R. A. Blair, J. G. Reed, J. M.Blackwood, M. D., D. L. Smith, J. M. Steele, J. H. McBurney,J. Walker Wilson, R. M. Young, W. J. Sterrett, M. D., Mrs.Marie Stormont, Mrs. J. S. Tibby and Miss Mary McKnight.Judge Geo. A. Baldwin was chosen his own successor asrepresentative of the Business Men of Beaver Valley for a termof three years, Attorney Chas. R. May and Eugene S. Hoopesbeing the other representatives. Ross E. Taggart was electedfor a term of three years in place of E. F. Wendt, whose termexpired and who declined re-election, to represent the AlumniAssociation, the other representatives being Chas. Bell and S.Cargill Milligan, M. D.The following were elected their own successors by the Corporatorsfor a term of three years: Alexander Kilpatrick, RC. Wylie, T. S. Trumbull and T. H. Boyd.The following persons were certified as representatives fora term of three years from Presbyteries: Pittsburgh, R. J. GMcKnight; Pacific Coast, Samuel Edgar; Central Canada f!F. Reade; New York, W. J. McKnight; Colorado, D. C. Mathews.J. G. Reed, Secretary of the Board of Trustees, read theirreport for the year, which was approved and is herewith transmittedto Synod. The faculty of the college consists largely ofuniversity trained teachers. The attendance in the regularcourses increased by one hundred over last year. A group ofstudents has been very active during the year in seeking todevelop the spirituality of themselves and their fellow students.Attendance on the monthly convocations, which is voluntaryhas been most gratifying.'The term for which James S. Tibby was elected a memberof successor the Board should of Corporators be chosen Respectfully for by a GEO. the term submitted, Synod of M. three ROBB, has years. expired Secretary. and his

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 79REPORT OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF GENEVACOLLEGEThe Board of Trustees of Geneva College would respectfullyreport:Geneva has had another prosperous year. The number ofstudents in the day school has increased almost to the limit ofability to take care of them with our present facilities. Thenumber of Covenanter young people in attendance has been thegreatest in recent years. Good health has been general amongmembers of faculty and students. There has been a fine spiritamong the students and good work has been done. Wise andefficient leadership by those in authority has been in evidence.When discipline was necessary, justice has been tempered withmercy, tact and faithfulness have gone together, frankness andfirmness were a team, and the results were beneficial. Therehas been reasonably satisfying interest on the part of studentsin religious things. Means have been provided to meet thegrowing needs of the college. And there is faith that stillgreater things will be possible in the future. For the multipliedmercies of the past and the bright hopes for the future weearnestly thank God, who above all human agencies has madethe year's successes possible.In RemembranceTwo names we should have in remembrance of those whohave served Geneva, and whom, during the past year, God hascalled home.In August, 1926, T. Earle Yearsley of Pittsburgh, who fora number of years taught voice in the Musical Department andhad charge of the training of the glee clubs, left his work onearth. He was one of God's true gentlemen. He loved his art,and by his art and his fine personality he drew to himself greatnumbers of friends. He was a devout Christian.Early in 1927 Mrs. William A. Myler, the generous donorof the sum of $50,000.00 to endow the chair of Commerce andFinance, departed this life. She, with Mr. Myler, had oftenshown their friendship for Geneva. Hers was one of the largegifts that has come from the community outside of our churchcircles to make it possible for the college to render a largerservice to the community. Geneva is rich in her friends aswell as made rich by her friends.An Appreciation of ServiceThe Board wishes also to give due recognition to the faithfuland efficient service of those on whom in a special senserests the burden of responsibility for making Geneva a goingconcern.President Pearce continues to hold the confidence and esteemof those associated with him in the conduct of the college. Theat advanced guarding students heart. respect, against steps He is that the admire careful piling needed and administrator up love of to debt. make him. Geneva Dr. He concerned Pearce has a their power is to in interests take demand yet the

80 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEas a speaker and preacher in all the community around, and inresponse to these calls he is rendering a great service to thecollege as well as to the community. Each year adds to theesteem in which he is held.Vice President Clarke continues to render invaluable serviceto the college as her financialagent. This year is the best ofall in the amount he has been able to turn in to the treasury.He reports cash received including stocks and bonds, $74,703.25,and furniture and materials contributed, $699.50; or a total of$75,402.75. When we think of the beauty of Geneva's campusand the substantial buildings that house her activities, we justnaturally think of Dr. Clarke who found, and in many cases wonthe friends who have made so many of the things possible.And nobody works harder for the college than Dr. J. S.Martin. It is a many-sided service he renders. He has laboredthis year in the face of great hindrances, in the sickness thathas kept him under the doctor's care for a great part of theyear. But with all the trials of the flesh there is no letting upon his efforts to realize on the $400,000 campaign promises, andto arouse, interest and organize the alumni. As publicity manhe keeps the church and local papers (wherever there are Genevastudents), sparkling with Geneva news. And as purchasingagent he is always on the lookout for the saving of money to thecollege in the purchase of supplies.AttendanceThe total number of students enrolled this year in all departmentsis 1,519. This is 19 less than last year. In the dayschool there was an even 100 more than last year, that is, 548.The decrease was in the summer and extension schools, owingto the fact that many teachers had completed their requirementsfor the standard certificates. There, were 80 Covenanter studentsenrolled. A class of 90 graduated. Thirteen were Covenanters,and 19 were from the Extension department.The FacultyOne of the outstanding matters in reference to the facultythis year is the determined measures that have been taken tosecure improved scholastic standing among the faculty as awhole. The credit standing of the college demands it.Professor Coon, who was back this year, after two years'leave of absence, to work for his doctor's degree, is now withinstriking distance of his goal, having been hindered from completionof his work by sickness.Mrs. Wylie and Professors Coleman and Moore have beengranted leave of absence for next year in order that they maycomplete their residence work for the securing of the degree.Prof. H. Douglas Wild, Ph. D., teaching last year in MichiganUniversity, has been secured as assistant in the Department ofEnglish for next year, and Prof. G. W. Thiessen, of Iowa, who isexpected to have his doctor's degree by the time his work beginsnext in was mathematics Miss acceptably fall, department Margaret has and been filled chemistry.Wilson of secured by history securing had as on to assistant account give Rev. up H. for of her L. illness. the Jenney work department as of Her assistant Beaver place of

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 81Falls, who has been chosen to continue in this department forthe next college year.Professor Coleman's work in the chair of Christian Educationestablished by the Gailey Foundation, will be taken during hisleave of absence by Mrs. Coleman in New Testament, and byDr. W. J. Coleman in the other courses.Religious ActivitiesThe Y. M. C. A. and the Y. W. C. A. have had the largestmembership and probably the best year's work of recent times.Convocation services were well attended, with PresidentPearce strongly presenting to the students the claims of Christfor their hearts' loyalty and their life's service. Chapel exerciseswere marked by a good degree of reverence."Special services were again conducted by Rev. Arthur T.Purkiss as last year, were equally satisfactory, though therewas not as noticeable a movement among the students as lastyear."It ought to be said in this connection that the courses inBible study conducted by Dr. Coleman and Professor Tweed areattended with marked interest by the students generally andmany of the students attend these courses not only for therequired two years, but avail themselves of the opportunity totake additional courses. It seems to us that the spiritual toneof the college is fine. "It is something accomplished that no onegoes through Geneva College for a year without having a clear,earnest call to accept Jesus Christ as his Savior." The sentencesin quotation marks are taken from President Pearce's report.In Behalf of HealthThe year has been marked by the beginning of special effortto safeguard the health of students. Medical examination wasgiven students on the campus. A course of lessons in hygienewas given the freshmen students throughout the second semester.Provision has been made for a medical examination of allentering students from now on. Great credit is due to MissMcDowell, Dean of Women, for the steps that have been taken.She is anxious to make still more adequate provision for thestudents in the matter of health.Extension SchoolThis department continues to serve the community in a mosthelpful way, opening the door to a college training and to aspecial training to many people who could not leave their workto enter college, and making it possible for the college to givecourses to many earnest students for whom there would notbe room in the day school. Professor Twinem, who is in chargeof this department, reports concerning the students as follows:"The personnel of the Extension students this year is of avery high type. In this exceptional group of citizens are schoolteachers, supervisors, and principals; men who are foremen,presidents profession."There Beaver are district Falls, and vice-presidents bank managers cashiers, of large clerks of Beaver corporations, and men Valley of the industries. burgess medical

82 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEClasses have been organized in seventeen different centerswithin a radius of fiftymiles from the college. The number ofstudents in this department, according to Professor Twinem'sreport, is a few over 700, not quite so many as last year. Theincome from this department was $25,403.08; expenses $22,-796.51, thus returning to the college a profit of $2,606.57.Summer SchoolSummer School enrollment last summer was 262, a decreaseof 72 from last year, probably due to the fact that many teachershad already met the requirements for standard certificates.A new feature was introduced last summer—the August Commencement.There were seven graduates. The prospect forthe coming summer is for a larger enrollment in the CollegeDepartment, and about the same number of students in theEducational Department. While Professor Twinem was awaytaking the summer session at Columbia, Professor Lee was incharge of the work and "conducted the same in a most efficientand satisfactory manner." The income from this departmentwas $11,802.52. The expenses $11,810.61, thus showing a lossof $8.11 for the year. Professor Twinem deserves great creditfor the success of these two departments, as well as in the educationaldepartments of the college and heading the importantTeachers' Appointment Bureau.ForensicsDr. Clarke as coach in debate has enlarged the work andreached a larger number of students with its training. In allseventeen students took part, with a still larger group makinga beginning. Six teams took part in intercollegiate debate.Three of men and three of women. There were twelve debatesin all, of which Geneva won nine and lost three. Three differentquestions were debated—"The Cancellation of Allied WarDebts," "A Federal Uniform Marriage and Divorce Law," and"Modification of the Volstead Act to Admit Light Wines andBeer." Of the first two questions, Geneva upheld both sides,and, of the last, upheld only the dry side. This is a splendidrecord and a very important activity. Dr. Clarke deservesmany fine things said of him for the effort he has put into thisand his success in putting out winning teams.Mr. Norman Webster again represented Geneva in intercollegiateand intersectional oration. He won the Western Pennsylvaniacontest, also the championship of Pennsylvania, andtook third place in an Eastern Intersectional group, but thisplace was not high enough to secure his entry in the nationalcontest. The "Forensic Fee" took care of the expenses of thisactivity.The Music DepartmentSteps have been taken to improve the service of this department.It has been a great gain to have Alumni Hall (formerlythe Downie House) set aside as the home of this department.This There building has been is an splendidly increase adapted in the for number this of particular students. service. Two

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 83hundred twenty-seven students have been enrolled in this department.Next year the department will have a more definite organization.Due academic credits will be given for work done. Allteachers will be put on a salary basis, and all fees will be paiddirectly to the college. Professor Frank T. Hardman, a graduateof Lebanon Valley College, having done additional workat Cornell and the College of Music at Chicago, has been chosento teach voice and will serve as head of this department. Hewill also have charge of the training of the glee clubs.AthleticsIn this fieldof endeavor, Geneva is now on the map of theU. S., not just of western Pennsylvania. Her holding Cornellto a low score, and her decisive defeat of Harvard in the firsttwo football games of the season have blazoned her name abroad."The year ended with Geneva champions of the Tri-State Conferencein football, cross country and track; third in basketballand tennis rating."—Professor Edgecombe's report.The girls' basketball team won 'five of the six games theyplayed.By means of intramural games, in basketball and baseballfor boys, and basketball, volleyball and tennis for the girls, alarger proportion of students than ever before has had thebenefit of the physical development made possible by thesegames.The courses in physical education have not been all thatcould be desired. Classes have been too large. Student instructionhas been economical but not sufficient. Professor Edgecomberecommends that when finances permit an efficient instructorbe engaged to place this department on an improvedbasis.Financially the year has been a great success, although stillshowing a deficit of about $450.00. When this is compared withformer years it will be seen that great strides have been madein the right direction. Reeves Field partly accounts for thisgood showing. Nine thousand five hundred people attended theGrove City game and saw Geneva suffer her only defeat athome by a score of 3 to 0. The interest aroused by the Cornelland Harvard games -and the nationally known coach had muchto do with it. In the words of the athletic director, ProfessorEdgecombe, which we quote with our endorsement, "The qualityof our athletics and the great success we have enjoyed in thepast two years were largely due to the efforts of Coach Mc­Millan. He has been a tireless worker, and by innumerable addresseshe has made in this district, has been a factor in keepingGeneva in the minds of the public from whom we must gainour support. I am still convinced that a resident, all-sportcoach is the best, and that the results achieved by Mr. McMillanhave equalled our expectations when you engaged him."history the record Secretary scholarship has without perhaps Lee of giving athletes."in reached his way report to the professionalism highest says: level "The or of year's low the ideals college's athletic in

84 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEThe expenses of this department for the year was $37,233.31,the income $36,785.75, leaving a deficit of $447.56. The deficitlast year was $3,463.00, and former years still much higher.Thus this department has made a gain of more than $3,000.00over last year, and is rapidly moving toward showing a surplusinstead of a deficit.A New Gymnasium NeededA new gymnasium is needed to accommodate the crowds forbasketball games and thereby turn a small deficit in the AthleticDepartment to a comfortable surplus. Also to give an auditoriumof sufficient size to accommodate the crowds for commencementday and other large college functions. Also to releasethe old gymnasium for use as a library, which is greatlyneeded. This in turn will release rooms in Old Main, now usedas a library, for enlarged office space and additional classrooms.The growth of the college in numbers and public interest makesimperative larger quarters. It is a call to men of means andan interest in Christian colleges to make this enlargement possibleas soon as possible. Dr. Clarke has reported pledges tothe amount of $50,000.00 to help in meeting this need, the makingof plans for a new gymnasium has been authorized, but notnearly enough money is yet in sight to justify beginning tobuild.Financial SituationThe year has not been marked by large pledges such aswere received last year, but it has been a year of large paymentof pledges.Twenty-five thousand dollars was received from Mrs. Mylerto complete payment of her $50,000.00 pledge.Sixty thousand dollars in cash and mortgage in full paymentfrom Mr. J. R. Copeland, of the Amelia and David S.Gailey fund.Sixty-five thousand dollars, the valuation of the 1,000 sharesof American Stores Company, from Mr. Samuel Robinson ofPhiladelphia.Five thousand dollars each from Mrs. Ella M. George andDr. J. S. Martin of Keystone Driller stock for annuity bonds.Ten thousand dollars from Mrs. S. P. Harbison for annuitybonds, in cash.Five thousand dollars from R. O. Logan for annuity bonds,in cash, together with many other gifts which has increased thepaid-up endowments by $208,900.59, so that Geneva's endowmentnow stands at $614,492.10, according to Mr. Tibby's report.IndebtednessThe balance overdrawn in the current account this year is$61,780.33, an increase over last year of $13,074.41. This isoffset by the payment out of current funds of $5,150.25 for thepurchase of the Boyle lot, and the payment of $10,000.00 on themortgage account, which now stands at $75,000.00.There is a balance due on the campus account of $14,787.67.The present total indebtedness is $151,468.00. There is a debt

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 85of about $7,500.00 on Reeves Field that Dr. Clarke is lookingafter, and about $12,000.00 on Alumni Hall that Dr. Martinand the alumni are expecting to take care of. These are notexpected to become a drain on current funds. There is stillan unpaid balance of the $400,000.00 campaign pledges of$50,000.00, a part of which will be used toward liquidating thisdebt.Tuition IncreasedThe debt is disturbing. We hope some good friend will takeit to heart. It is not alarming. When we consider the valueof the property, the growing endowment and the growing studentbody, there is no cause for anxiety. Nevertheless meansmust be found to keep from enlarging the debt, and finding theway to paying it off, as well as to take care of the necessaryincrease in the running costs of the college.Carrying out the suggestion made by Synod two years ago,one step for helping matters has been taken. Tuition has beenincreased to $150.00 a year, at the same time taking off theincidental fee of $10.00 per semester. This makes a net increaseof $30.00 a year in tuition charges. It is estimated thatthis will produce an added income of about $11-,000.00 a year.It is conservatively put in the budget at $9,000.00. This tuitionis still not as high as other colleges in this section of the samestanding. Also we hope Synod will continue to be generous inher appropriations to meet the need.Degrees AwardedOn recommendation of the faculty degrees were conferredon members of the graduating class in number as follows:Bachelor of Arts, 65; Bachelor of Science, 18; Bachelor ofScience in Education. 6; Bachelor of Oratory, 5; and Certificatesin Music, 2.Honorary DegreesThe Board has conferred the honorary degree of Doctor ofDivinity on the following ministers:Rev. R. C. Reed, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Rev. J. R. W. Stevenson,Idana, Kan.; Rev. Manning E. Van Nostrand, pastor of BaptistChurch, Albany, N. Y., and Rev. Arthur T. Purkiss, GeneralSecretary of the Christian Layman's Association, Pittsburgh,Pa.To Represent the BoardPresident Pearce and Rev. R. A. Blair were appointed torepresent the Board before the Coordinating Committee ofSynod and were instructed to ask for an appropriation of $15,-000.00, as much as $2,000.00 of which may be used to pay travelingexpenses of Covenanter students coming from a distance.Dr. Pearce and Dr. Elliott were appointed to represent theBoard before the Board of Corporators and on the floor ofSynod. sentative successor The term of should the for business which be Member chosen. George men to of A. According Be the Baldwin Chosen valley, to was has the chosen, expired terms as and of repre­the his

86 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEcharter the following names are submitted from which one is tobe named.George A. Baldwin to succeed himself.W. W. Potts, vice president of the Federal Title and TrustCompany, a Presbyterian.F. W. Walker, president of the Association of Art Tile Manufacturers,a Presbyterian.Again we want to thank God for what many are saying isthe best year Geneva has ever had. He has moved hearts togive generous gifts. In His providence He has brought togethera fine body of students. He has been leading the wayinto better equipment for life service a large number of youngmen and women, from among whom He will call, for His ownspecial service, those whom He needs. We are assured that Hisgracious presence has been with us through the year. Let usthank God and go forward.Synod took recess until 2:00 p. m., elder J. C. Calderwoodleading in prayer.TUESDAY AFTERNOON, J. G. JUNE REED, U, Secretary. 1927Synod reconvened after recess, was called to order bythe Moderator, and led in prayer by elder J. K. M. Tibby.The minutes of the morning session were read and approved.The Committees on Records of Presbyteries reported.The records of Rochester Presbytery were not present.There were no minutes in the records of Kansas Presbyteryrequiring review. All other reports were adopted and theproper entries ordered in the record books.The report of the Permanent Committee on InternationalRelations was read by the Chairman, R. H. Martin,considered item by item, adopted as a whole and is as follows:REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON INTERNATIONALRELATIONSHIPSThe outlook for international peace is not assuring. Notsince the World War have there been so many potential causesof war among the nations as during the past year. These areso well known they do not need to be enumerated here. Ourown nation is facing difficult problems. In addition to thosewhich for sometime we have faced with Europe due to ourstanding aloof from the League of Nations, the World Courtand to the controversy over the debt situation, we have morerecently been facing delicate situations in our relations withChina, Mexico and Nicaragua. The situation calls for the mostcareful and prayerful consideration and for earnest and wiseeffort on the part of the church and every devout Christian.There are two distinct lines along which the church and the

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 87individual Christian should proceed in efforts to help in thesolution of these international problems.1st. They should enunciate and proclaim the great fundamentalprinciples of the Kingdom of God which relate tonations and governments and which must be known and acceptedbefore permanent peace and satisfactory relations canbe established among nations.2nd. They should seek to mold public sentiment in referenceto concrete international problems in accordance with thesefundamental principles and to bring this public sentiment tobear upon the officials of government that these problems maybe solved in a way that will bind us nearer to the acceptance ofthese principles.Regarding the first. The foundation principles of the Kingdomof God relating to nations is, that as God's moral creaturesthey are under His moral government and that that governmentis exercised by Jesus Christ who is the King of Nations andthe Governor among nations, as truly as He is the Ruler overand among men. The recognition and acceptance of this fundamentaltruth is vital to the solution of our international problems."Unto us a child is born . . . and the government shallbe upon his shoulders . . . and of the increase of His governmentand peace there shall be no end." "He will judge between thenations and will decide concerning many people and they shallbeat their swords into plough shares and their spears intopruning hooks; nation shall not lift up sword against nation,neither shall they learn war any more."There are four fundamental principles regarding nationswhich result from this one just named, clearly taught in theScripture, (1) The people of a country have the right to set uptheir own government and enact their own laws, and not havethese impressed upon them by some outside power; the right ofself-determination; (2) The equality of nations, whether greator small, weak or powerful; (3) The reign of law instead ofthe reign of lawlessness and force in the international realm,as truly as within the national realm. This involves the settingup of an adequate international political machinery to establishand administer international law, as truly as it involvesthe setting up of governmental machinery within a nation toenact and administer municipal law. (4) That there is no suchthing as absolute national sovereignty. In relation to God,nations are subjects, not sovereigns. In relation to God, nationsare sovereigns in no sense in which the individual man is notsovereign. In relation to other nations, the liberty of action ofa nation is limited by the requirements of the moral laws Godhas given to govern international relationships. The recognitionby nations and governments of the binding obligations of theselaws upon them and their acceptance in their dealings witheach even will mold ance These other, in known.public faith our are is opinion own truths There vital proclaim day. in in is of the no But and solution human direction the Kingdom keep church hope of proclaiming of our not their of or international generally their acceptance individual them general believed and problems. accept­will which thus or be

88 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THErendering an invaluable service to the cause of internationalpeace.Regarding the second. There is great need that the churchand Christian people study the concrete present-day internationalproblems, becoming informed as to the facts regardingthem and the many factors entering into them, and in the lightof these facts and factors applying the Christian principles ofgovernment with a view to molding public opinion and theaction of public officials in their solution. The great majorityof church leaders and members are indifferent and uninformedas to these problems and as a result politicians and businessinterests largely determine our national attitude toward them.It is the duty of Christians both as citizens of the Kingdomand of the state, to exert their influence to the fullest extentpossible in solving these international problems.We recommend the adoption of the following resolutions:1. We urge upon our ministers the faithful discharge oftheir duties as prophets of God in proclaiming the Gospel ofthe Kingdom which relates to international relationships andapplying it to present day political problems; also, that we urgeour people to study these problems in the light of the politicalprinciples of the Kingdom.2. We are in entire sympathy with the efforts of the ChineseNationalists to secure the abolition of extra territoriality rightsin China, of foreign concessions in Chinese cities, of foreigncontrol of Chinese tariff, finance and the opium trade, and withtheir desire to secure the return to China of the territoriestaken from the Chinese people, that China may once again be aunited nation and we urge our government to immediate and,if need be, independent action to this end.3. We sympathize with the Mexican people in their efforts tobreak the yoke of tyranny and ignorance imposed upon themby the Roman Catholic hierarchy and with the efforts of thepresent Mexican government to restore to the Mexican peoplethe God-given national resources dishonestly taken from themunder the Diaz regime and handed over by it to foreign corporations,largely American, and express to our governmentthe conviction that the time has come when our nationalistswho make investments in foreign countries should be willingto take their chances under the laws of those countries.4. That we express to President Coolidge an appreciation ofhis successful leadership in securing the conference conveningin Geneva this month for the further limitation of competitivenaval building programs and our earnest hope that positiveresults may be achieved comparable to those of the WashingtonConference on the Limitation of Armament in 1921-22.5. We urge that the present immigration law be so modifiedas to apply the quota basis to all nations without exceptions,nationality.proposal and world as mitted an 6. we We .instrument should who urge that believe duly officially the such granting the qualify national time and engagement regardless solemnly of has policy. citizenship come outlaw be when We of made to their welcome war, all all between those nations race, renouncing the thus color France Briand of ad­the or it

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 89and the United States and the Borah resolution to outlaw warintroduced into the United States Senate. Coveting for ournation leadership in this movement, we call upon our presidentand the senate to go forward in every possible way toward theachievement of this great end.7. In view of the fact that the outlawry of war involvesthe legal adoption of peaceable methods of settling internationaldifficulties, we urge our president and senate to negotiatetreaties with France and other nations binding the signatoriesto settle all controversies of whatsoever character which do notyield to settlement through diplomatic channels either by conciliation,arbitration or judicial settlement.8. In view of the fact that the Permanent Court of InternationalJustice is all but indispensable as an instrument in carryingout the purpose of the above resolution, we urge our presidentto press securing the adherence of our government to thiscourt.9. In view of the fact that to secure peaceable settlement ofall international disputes and the re-establishment of satisfactoryrelationship among nations involves not only the establishmentof an international court to interpret law, but also ofan agency to enlarge and codify international law and to adjudicatedisputes concerning which there is no legally recognizedlaw, and in view of the fact that the League of Nations is suchagency already in existence, and embracing in its membership52 of the nations of the world and has already made greatachievements toward this end, we look hopefully to our nation'sbecoming a member of the League and pledge ourselves toinfluence public sentiment toward this end.10. We deplore the fact that in the establishment of theLeague of Nations no recognition was made of Him who isGovernor among the nations and no formal effort made to• secure His providential aid; and we pledge ourselves to laborand pray to the end that such recognition may be made.11. That Resolutions 2 and 9, inclusive, be communicated bythe officers J. G. McElhinney of this Synod submitted to the proper the report officials of of the our Committeeon Theologicalgovernment.RespectfullySeminary, whichsubmitted,was taken up item byitem. The report was adopted as R. a H. whole MARTIN, and is as follows:JOHN COLEMAN,REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON WALTER THEOLOGICAL McCARROLL,SEMINARY SAMUEL R. BOGGS.Your committee would respectfully report that it has hadreferred to it the report of the Board of Superintendents of theSeminary and a resolution from the New York Presbytery re-

90 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEgarding the receiving under care of Presbytery of students notintending to take their theological course in our seminary.We note with gratitude to the head of the church, the provisionHe has made for our church in the largest class whichhas graduated from our seminary for many years.On the other hand, we are sorry to read that there are buttwo students remaining in the seminary and we hope the Lordwill raise up students to fillthe place of those who are graduating.We commend the Seminary Board for placing greater emphasisupon the event of the graduation of our theological studentsby arranging for a baccalaureate sermon, the presentationof diplomas, and an address to the graduating class.We recommend:1. That the professors of the seminary devise some specialplan through which to bring the ministry to the attention ofthe Covenanter students in Geneva and other colleges.2. That F. M. Wilson and F. M. Foster be appointed theirown successors on the Board for a term of three years, andthat W. T. K. Thompson be appointed to succeed D. C Mathewsand that T. H. Martin be appointed to take the place of J. W.Anderson, both for a term of three years.3. That as there are so few young men preparing for ourministry and such a fine, commodious building has been provided,at great expense, by the church for the use of the students;as we have a faculty of unquestioned ability and scholarshipand as ministers need to be trained in the doctrines andpractices of the church in which they expect to preach, Synodconsiders it the duty of young men expecting to enter the ministryin our church, to attend our own seminary and only inmost extraordinary circumstances should exceptions to this rulebe permitted by Presbyteries.4. That Sabbath, July 10th, be designated as a day in whichprayershould be made that young men may be raised up, calledand equipped for the gospel ministry; that pastors preach asermon on the ministry and that definite prayer be made to thisend on that day and throughout the year.Respectfully submitted,j. g. McElhinney,D. R. TAGGART,F. M. FOSTER,J. W. ANDERSON,G. G. McLAURY.REPORT OF THE BOARD OF SUPERINTENDENTS OF THETHEOLOGICAL SEMINARYThe Board of Superintendents of the Theological Seminaryrespectfully reports:afternoon 3, Chairman, 1927, The Board officers in and the held evening Seminary J. of B. its the Willson, regular Board building. the Wilkinsburg Secretary.annual were The re-elected—F. meeting students church. on preached Tuesday, M. Wilson, in May the

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 91The Seminary year began on Wednesday morning, September22, 1926. The opening lecture was given by Prof. R. C. Wylieon Friday evening, September 24.Eight students were enrolled:Third year—Milton Wylie Dougherty, Roy Cathcart Fullerton,Armour James McFarland, Ralph Hayes McKelvy, RemoIrwin Robb, Robert Cargill Ward.Second year—Franklin Howard Lathom.First year—Roy B. Hunter.Mr. Hunter is a member of the Oakdale, 111., congregation,and is under the care of Pittsburgh Presbytery. He is a graduateof Geneva College, class of 1924.Mr. Lathom did not attend the seminary classes after theChristmas vacation, because of financialreasons. He carried onhis studies, however, took all the written examinations, and waspresent to take his part in the closing exercises.The professors submitted their reports which showed thecourses given during the year. Final examination papers weresubmitted for examination, and two oral examinations were conductedbefore the Board. The usual preaching services wereheld, one series in November, one in February, and the third atthe time of the Board meeting.The joint report of the professors emphasized two needs ofthe Seminary. One is for more theological students from theChristian homes of our people, and from the Christian collegeswhere our young men are educated. The other .is for more liberalfinancialsupport, and, in particular, for an increased endowment.The closing of the Seminary year was more of an occasionthis time. Six young men graduated, the largest number since1914, when a class of equal size finishedits course. The baccalaureatesermon was preached by the Rev. E. L. McKnight inthe Pittsburgh church on the evening of May 1st. On Tuesday,six students preached in the afternoon, and two in the evening.Professor R. C. Wylie presented diplomas to the six graduates.This is the firsttime that the Seminary has had real diplomasto present. They were tied with blue and gold ribbons, thecolors that we associate with our Blue Banner. The closingaddress was delivered by Dr. F. M. Foster.Mr. Hunter was advanced to the second year, and Mr. Lathomwas given a certificate recommending him to his Presbytery forlicensure.The professors were given authority to draw on the fundsof the Seminary for necessary expenses involved in acceptinginvitations to the professors to attend special exercises at otherinstitutions, and to the students to send representatives to meetingsof theological students' organizations.have was of ment Certificates Speaking the The Engraved made been of work Board the and given to of cost for diplomas to provide licensure decided of the ask to the coming the them to paper and were last professors discontinue ordination year. for two and ready graduates classes to the for were take embossing this Department since prepared charge addition. year 1916, s of and class, the of this An on placed Public name. offer pay­part and

92 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEin the hands of the stated clerk for distribution to Presbyterieswhen needed.The committee appointed last year to prepare plans for securingan increased endowment was instructed to consider theadvisability of the increase and, if advisable, to submit plansfor the increase, at the meeting of Synod. This committee isnot yet prepared to report.The Treasurer's report shows the following balances April15, 1927:Memorial Building Account $ 46.99Library Fund 0.00Current Account overdrawn 458.73W. J. Coleman was appointed to represent the Board beforethe Coordinating Committee, and was instructed to ask an appropriationof $4,000.00 Current Account, debt $500.00 and estimatedneeds $3,000.00; Library $500.00.The term for which F. M. Wilson, F. M. Foster, D. C. Mathewsand J. W. Anderson were appointed expires this year, andtheir successors should be chosen.Respectfully submitted,The report on Unfinished Business was taken from theF. M. WILSON, Chairman.table. Synod • resumed the consideration of item 16. TheJ. B. WILLSON, Secretary.report was laid on the table to entertain a substitute offeredby Paul Coleman. The substitute was adopted and is asfollows:DIVINE HEALINGIn regard to the propriety of divine healing as a permanentpower in the Christian church, we recommend the followingstatement:1. Prayer for physical healing is on the same basis as prayerfor other temporal blessings, and under the same restrictions,namely, God's glory and our own good, or the good of others.2. Prayer for physical healing, with or without the use ofmeans, is sinfully neglected in the Christian church, just asprayer for other temporal blessings is neglected.3. The reaction from this neglect of prayer has given riseto most of the theories of so-called "divine healing."4. Prayer for healing as for other blessings is one of thegreat privileges of the Christian and his comfort in afflictionand, if faithfully used in enduring affliction and in finding relief,would become a great testimony to unbelievers.5. We recognize in this discussion a providential reminderof the Item neglected 17. To power secure of the prayer sword and of Richard a call to Cameron its bold and RC. earnest Wyhe employment submitted the both following sickness report, and in which health. was adopted.'

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 93REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE TO SECURE IF POSSIBLETHE SWORD OF RICHARD CAMERONThe Committee appointed to secure, if possible, for theHistorical Society, the sword of Richard Cameron, presents thefollowing report.According to the historical data furnished us Nathaniel Wilson,one of Richard Cameron's soldiers, came into possession ofCameron's sword, and brought it with him to this country. Itwas cherished as a precious relic by the Wilson family for a fewgenerations, butit seems to have fallen into the hands of someone who failed to appreciate its historic significance.The article published in the Philadelphia Evening Bulletinrelating to this matter, which was referred to your committee bythe Synod of 1926, contained the statement that Nathaniel WilsonJr., who came into possession of the sword, hung it over thedoor of his house, and above it wrote the words, "The sword of theLord and of Gideon." His home was located in the outskirts ofthe city of Lancaster, the county seat of Fairfield county, Ohio.A personal visit to Lancaster brought us into direct communicationwith the living members of the Wilson family from whommany interesting historical facts were learned. A letter fromMiss Frances J. Wilson, a great-granddaughter of Nathaniel WilsonJr., confirms the story in the Philadelphia Bulletin narratedabove. A volume entitled "Pioneers of Fairfield County, Ohio"also confirms the story in substance, and adds, "We have notbeen able to learn what became of the Cameron sword. It seemsto have been lost. Such a rare relic ought to have been preserved."In her letter Miss Wilson says, "It grieves me sorely whenI think of its being irrevocably lost. No trace of it seems possiblesince all of the descendants of the family of NathanielWilson Jr., who inherited it last, have passed away."Item 18. To write the Respectfully friends of submitted, Dr. G. B. White.J. B. Willson reported attended to. R. C. WYLIEItem 19. Revival of Syrian Commission.R. C. REEDPreviouslyreported attended to.R. C. ADAMSCommittee.Item 20. Judicial Commission. The report was received,adopted, and is as follows:REPORT OF JUDICIAL COMMISSION.Your Commission was provisionally appointed. As the occasiondid not arise, no meeting was held, and the Commissionhas no minutes to submit. Respectfully submitted.D. C. Mathews, Convener.

94 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEItem 21. Organization of Presbytery in China. Previouslyreported attended to.Item 22. R. J. G. McKnight submitted the report ofthe committee, which was adopted and is as follows:REPORT OF SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON JURY SERVICETo the Synod of the Reformed Presbyterian Church:Your special committee appointed at last Synod to reviewthe matter of Jury Service on the part of Covenanters, wouldrespectfully report:The following resolution was referred to your committee:"Resolved that it is the judgment of Synod that serving onjuries where no oath to the Constitution is required, is not contraryto the position of Political Dissent." Min. 1926, page 9.Your committee has carefully reviewed the decisions ofSynod concerning the jury question and has examined the argumentsoffered to support the conclusions reached. The positionof Synod, consistently maintained throughout our history inthis country, is the one expressed in the historical part of theTestimony, Book II, chapter III:"The Reformed Presbytery declare this practice, serving onjuries, inconsistent with their testimony, and warn church membersagainst serving on juries under the direction of the constitutedcourts of law."The argument by which this position has been sustainedmay be stated as follows:1. By our Covenant we are bound to "continue to refuse toincorporate by any act, with the political body, until this blessedreformation has been secured." Covenant 1871.2. Jury service is an act of incorporation. This is assertedand proven in the historical part of the Testimony and isargued at length in many reports to Synod upon this subject."Jurors are executive officers created by the constitution, andderiving from it all their power."This is the opinion also of Judge McLaughry of Mercercounty, Pa. He said: "The juror is as much a part of the courtas the judge."In 1861 a report from Philadelphia Presbytery declared thatthree judges of the Supreme • Court of Pennsylvania had giventheir opinions to the effect that an alien might sit on a jury.These, however, were the opinions of individual judges and arenot in accord with the common understanding and practicethroughout the country. Juries are composed of citizens andit is asumed that these citizens would, if called upon, take oathto support the constitution. Consequently, while the juror'soath contains no reference to the constitution, the oath of citizenshipis implied in the juror's oath, since citizenship is a prerequisiteto jury service.This, in brief, is the line of argument by which the positionour history. Your of the committee Covenanter is unable church to has find been any weakness sustained in throughoutthe argu-

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 95ment by which the fathers have maintained the historic positionwith respect to jury service.We would, therefore, recommend that the resolution be notadopted.Respectfully submitted,r. j. g. Mcknight james s. tibbyr. c. wylie w. j. sterrettj. boyd tweedItem 23. Board of Control to pay $920 due Seminary.J. S. Tibby reported attended to.Item 24. Christian attitude toward war. R. C. Wylieread the report. After discussion, action was postponed forone year, and it was directed that the report be publishedin the Appendix of the Minutes.Item 25. Fraternal Delegate to the Synod of the ChristianReformed church. P. J. McDonald reported attendedto.Item 26. To write letter® of sympathy. All thosepresent to whom this duty had been assigned reported attendedto.The report on Unfinished Business was laid on thetable for the present.The report of the Committee on Discipline was readby J. G. Reed, adopted as a whole and is as follows:REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON DISCIPLINEYour Committee on Discipline would respectfully report thatthree papers were referred to us.The first was an inquiry from Ohio Presbytery—"ShouldMission Stations be Assessed for Synod's Traveling Fund?"The answer is, Yes, because the assessment is for all membersof the church. They are not without those to represent theirinterests and Synod has a care for their needs.The second paper was a twenty-six page plea for thechange of Synod's action in reference to the acceptance ofGreek Church Baptism as obtains in our Levant Mission. Werecommend that the former action of Synod be reaffirmed, viz:"Inasmuch as this matter has been before Synod repeatedly,and all the deliverances rendered have been of a uniformcharacter, Synod is of the opinion that no further action isnecessary, and directs that the paper be returned to the author."The third paper was a request from Illinois Presbytery forthe grant of authority to appoint one outside its jurisdictionto declare the Selma pulpit vacant. On account of the distanceaway, this authority is freely granted.R. C. REED W. R. MARVINJ. G. REED W. A. SNAIRR. J. McISAAC

96 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEJohn Coleman read a letter prepared by a special committeeappointed to write President Coolidge urging astronger enforcement of the prohibition laws. The letterwas approved by Synod and ordered forwarded to the Presidentwith the signatures of the officers of the Court.The Moderator announced the following Standing Committees:STANDING COMMITTEESDevotional Exercises— Signs of the Times—J. B. Willson T. M. SlaterR. A. Blair E. L. McKnightJ. S. Stewart D. H. ElliottA. A. Carson J. P. BairdR. H. Hayes W. J. CrawfordSecret Societies—J. M. WylieW. J. ColemanJ. B. TweedElfrv HunterC. M. FinleySynod took recess until 7:00 p. m., prayer by elder S.R. Wills.TUESDAY EVENING, JUNE 14, 1927Synod reconvened after recess, was called to order bythe Moderator, and led in prayer by elder J. W. Anderson.The minutes of the afternoon session were read and approved.The Clerk reported the attendance statistics of theSynod.J. G. McElhinney submitted the report of the Committeeon Forward Movement work. It was considered item byitem. J. R. W. Stevenson led the Synod in prayer forguidance in the selection of a Secretary. The report wasamended, adopted as a whole and is as follows:REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON FORWARD MOVEMENTYour committee appointed to consider all matters pertainingto the Forward Movement would respectfully report thatour earnest and prayerful consideration has been given to thiswork as reported by its Secretary and as observed by the membersof your committee as the work has proceeded during thelast seven years.We have observed with interest the wide scope which theMovement has covered, the new and efficient plans which havebeen adopted and put into operation in the church under theForward Movement, the injgenuity, the faithfulness and conse-

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 97cration of the Secretary, Dr. Elliott; the favorable manner inwhich the whole movement has been received by the church ingeneral and the economy with which it has been administered.When we consider the welfare of our church and try to shapeher policy for the future, we must seek a fair estimation of thevalue of the Forward Movement to the church in the past, anaccurate inventory of her present needs, condition, and tendenciesand a prophetic vision of the glorious opportunity and sacredresponsibility of our church in the progress and final victoryof the Kingdom of God.The Forward Movement has made a real contribution toour young peoples' work, by a continuous educational process;through cooperation with the college, the seminary, the PresbyterialConventions, and the inauguration and successful conductingof the inspiring Young Peoples' Synodical Conventionlast year at Winona Lake. Our Forward Movement has developedan intelligent interest in our church, has inspired an increasingloyalty for those great truths and principles of God'sword which we have received as a sacred trust, and, in ouropinion, has prevented a much larger decrease in our churchmembership than has occured, if, indeed, it has not even preventedan almost disastrous depletion of our numbers.The need of the church and the condition of the times inwhich we live certainly do not permit us to slow up in our programor to lessen our diligence.We have, therefore, set ourselves in prayer and carefulstudy to secure through the Holy Spirit a vision for the futureand guidance in formulating a plan which, under the divineblessing, may be successful in further unifying and co-ordinatingher work, in developing a high degree of piety and spiritualityamong her members and in securing hearty and enthusiasticco-operation in the promotion of the work of all the departmentsof our church.Suggestions from various members of Synod and the threepropositions presented in the report of the Forward MovementSecretary have been carefully considered.One plan suggesting the co-ordination of all of the boardsand committees of the church in three major boards or departmentshas, in our opinion, great merit and much carefulthought and wise provision should be made looking toward theunifying of our work, at some future date, such as has beensuccessfully carried out by the Presbyterian church of America.Of the three propositions of the Secretary, we believe thefirst to be unthinkable, the second unwise and impracticable,and the third to be most desirable if not imperative.If "number one" were adopted and the Forward Movementwas dropped it would mean the loss of much which has beengained in the past and the sounding of the death knell of ourbelow church. tween carrying and of the If three men that the "number heavy thus co-ordination of men, a work, over two" it full-time would worked, the were of almost, mean secretary all adopted the the incurring certain work over-loading and impairing of the results of the expense work church of in of men divided efficiencythe not far already health much be- be­

98 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THElow that which has been obtained, during the past seven years,through our Forward Movement Secretary.We are convinced that one of the major objectives of thework of such a secretary is the conservation of our young peoplethrough continuous education in the stewardship of prayer, possessionsand life service, in developing in them an unswervingloyalty to the great fundamentals of our religion and theworld-wide vision of our church and by hitching their aboundingenergy and enthusiasm to the great program of Christ.We are of one mind in our belief that in our plans for thecoming years the youth must hold a central place. Special attentionmust be given to them in our homes, Sabbath Schools,Young Peoples' Societies, in our college and seminary, and inour evangelistic and witness work. Our young people constitutethe strategic element in victory over discouragement, diminishingnumbers and fear of ultimate disintegration. The youngpeople will measure our interest in them and our idea of theirimportance to the church, by the manner in which their interestsare provided for and the place given our young people inour program for the furture.The work, therefore, of a secretary for the coming yearsshould center around the young peoples' department. HisHome Mission work, the evangelistic program, his leadership infinances will have as their goal, largely, the education, enlistmentand development of the children and youth.We recommend:1. That the Forward Movement work be continued underthe name of "Department of Young People's Work and HomeResources," and that there shall be included in this departmentthe work of Young People's Secretary, Home Mission Secretary,the Evangelistic Work, and the work formerly called the ForwardMovement.2. That a "Secretary of Young People's Work and HomeResources" shall be employed for a period of five years at anannual salary of three thousand dollars ($3,000.00).3. The expense of the Secretary and such help as he mayrequire shall be provided for as in the case of the Forward Movement.4. That J. D. Edgar be elected the Secretary of this department.5. That the Board of Home Missions be made a Commissionto act in case a vacancy occurs in the office and to conferwith the Secretary elect in selecting the location of his headquarters.6. That, in order that he may be acquainted with the workof the Boards and be a connecting link between the young peopleand these Boards and their needs, the Secretary shall be appointeda consultative member of the Home and Foreign MissionBoards and of the College and Seminary Boards.J. R. D. JOHN G. A. B. McELHINNEY BLAIR MARTIN L. WRIGHT Respectfully J. W. D. W. J. EDGAR ANDERSONMcBURNEYsubmitted,

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 99The report of the Evangelistic Committee was submittedtogether with E. K. Patton's resignation as Chairman.The report was amended, adopted and is as follows:REPORT OF THE EVANGELISTIC COMMITTEETo the Synod of the Reformed Presbyterian Church, meeting atWinona Lake, Indiana, 1927.Dear Fathers and Brethren—Reports of work are often misleading. We report visibleresults. Many things happen which we do not and cannot see.There is always a vast amount of evangelistic effort whichcannot be reported. Add to the work reported, the greatamount of work unreported and we believe much has been doneduring this past year to lead souls to Christ.Review of the Reports.A goodly number of evangelistic meetings have been heldduring the year in various congregations. Some report "no additionsto the congregation as a result." Some report a numberof additions. All report increased spiritual life in the congregation.A great number report "Personal Work being done."A number report a "House to House Canvass" conducted withgood results.Mr. Steele's Splendid Work.The work of Mr. Steele during the year has been consistentand most praiseworthy. In some places the Revival tookon the character of a Singing Revival and the comments on thepraise service were many and hearty. Ask anyone attendingthe meetings in Morning Sun, Iowa, their opinion of the singingand you will hear words of highest praise and appreciation.So it was elsewhere also. Mr. Steele has labored longand earnestly to uphold the Psalms, and sing them with enthusiasm.He likewise is developing into a most pleasing andeffective speaker. He writes "Praise the Lord" from a meetingin Miller's Run when he ventured to make a call for acceptanceof Christ, and fifteen reconsecrated their lives to Christand fifteen accepted Jesus Christ as Saviour. Dear Brethren,such a man is certainly being used by the Master in a wonderfulway.Our Church Needs Evangelism.Today we as a church need evangelism more than ever. Itseems our very life depends on it. We cannot separate the "fishing"and the "following." We must dedicate anew our lives tothis work. We need an evangelistic prayer group in every congregation.We need more personal work. We need more distributionof the word by the laymen. We need a series of revivingmeetings in every congregation this year.No money was expended except Mr. Steele's salary andshare of Forward work.work We 1. during That recommend: the Mr. past Steele year. be heartily commended for his good

100 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THE2. That Mr. Steele be appointed as Synod's Evangelist andSinger on the same basis as last year.3. That the work of the Evangelistic Committee be carriedon through the Secretary of Young People's Work and HomeResources.4. That representatives of congregations where meetingshave been held during the past year be heard.Respectfully submitted,E. K. PATTOND. R. TAGGARTSAMUEL EDGARPAUL COLEMANThe report of the Committee on J. Signs L. WRIGHT of the Times wasread by R. W. Redpath, adopted and is as follows:SIGNS OF THE TIMES"When ye see a cloud rising in the west, straightway ye say,there cometh a shower; and so it cometh to pass. Ye hypocrites,ye know how to interpret the face of the earth and the heaven;but how is it that ye know not how to interpret this time?"This challenge of our Lord comes even with greater weight to anage that scans its newspapers each morning for scientific weatherreports and forecasts than when first flung upon humanears.Some years ago it used to fall to the writer when living inthe West to set a threshing machine from time to time as it waschanged from fieldto field and from farm to farm. That chaffand dust and straw might least annoy, the separator had alwaysto be set with the wind. That it might be thus set not infrequentlythe drift of a gentle summer breeze was ascertainedby throwing some dust or chaff up into the air. Such in alarger way were the revealments of the clouds of which ourMaster spoke. They indicated the prevailing wind. So Hewould say, "Look to the things that show the prevailing spiritualtrend of the times The in which Church we of live." Jesus Christ. Let us look then, to theWhat way some about straws her grip are upon blowing the today. hearts of men? Has shewaned in her ability to hold and help men ? Some would stronglyhint such to be the case today. A popular novel recently surmisesthat her ministry and her power are hypocritical and weak.Others say, "She is divided and superficial and drifting downwardfrom earlier ideals." But what of the straws! The earlychurch soon learned that a man's use of his purse revealed muchas to the genuineness of his faith. Our Master indeed fosteredthis test many times in his parables, and spoke most tellinglyof it as He once sat against the Temple Treasury. The combinedcollections for the church work of the twenty-eight de-

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 101nominations included in the Federal Council of churches amountedlast year to over four hundred million dollars.Quoting these figures, the Pittsburgh Gazette Times mostpertinently indulged in this little homily on the big business andpower of the church. "Quite a bit," it writes, "has been spokenand written of the weakening grip of the churches. There arethose who would do away with churches entirely. Yet anything,"it answers, "that has the ability to draw upward of ahalf-billion of dollars annually in voluntary contributions appearsto have a vast amount of vitality and not to have anybasic trouble. Were not the churches felt to be returning valuefor the contributions, we may be sure that contributors would beless generous." "The church," it concludes, "is in the biggestbusiness of the land and it is making good." Heaven hasnever touched earth in any larger way outside of the personalcoming of the Christ than through the church—the abiding bodilypreserver of the Son of God on earth.IIWorld Conditions.That the world is yet far away from the Kingdom state sobeautifully pictured by the Christ, goes sadly without saying.But, notwithstanding chaos and revolution, unrest and distress,"wars and rumors of wars" one has but to look to see the "handsizeclouds of promise." To change the figure, the dawn is assuredlycoming on behind the tempests that so recently staggeredand yet so after-shadows humanity. Beyond the politicalexperimentations involving Russia, the paternal despotisms involvingItaly, the revived Nationalism involving not only Chinabut the Orient at large, one can discern glimmerings of a newday. True, the old one is reluctant to withdraw. Its cloudsstill darken the horizon; but their very presence and movementshow unseen goings of the Spirit of God that change things.Some years ago, the noted Frenchman, Hilaire Belloc, wasclimbing in the Pyrenees with a friend who was unaccustomedto the tempests that often precede daybreak in those mountains.When the friend heard the roar of rushing winds through thedefiles, he exclaimed: "This is the end of the world!" "No," repliedBelloc, "this is how the dawn comes in the Pyrenees.So, too, the Kingdom of God.IllThe Realm of Thought."As a man thinketh in his heart, so is he." It does matterwhether we think high or low things; whether our life-philosophybe idealistic, God-touched, or materialistic, dust-grovellmg. Ourday beyond doubt has witnessed the greatest advance in materialcomforts and inventions that has ever come to a single generation"Indeed," to use the words of Dr. Vander Muhen, Geneva'srecent commencement speaker, "the in-drifting sands ofmodern nature, "But thanks came invention very be God," near and discovery, he burying added, out "men the of things sight are the again of Rock a sensing materialisticof Ages." that

102 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEthese sands are not adequate foundations for permanent building.""A new day of excavating to bed-rock is upon us," heexclaimed. And here is an interesting straw, just to note one,that supports in a most heartening way the above contention.Recently the American Philosophical Society meeting in Philadelphia,Pennsylvania, elected Dr. Frances X. Dercum of JeffersonMedical College to its Presidency. This was the society'stwo hundredth anniversary celebration. The thing however, ofdeepest significance about the honor coming to Dr. Dercum wasthat the honor was tendered him just after he had concluded atrenchant criticism of the evolutionary theories of Darwin andLamarck. "For a full generation," he stated, "biologists havebeen drifting away from Darwin's views." "Darwin," he furtheradds, "ascribed far too much of the results of progress andbeing to mechanical processes and mere physical environment.But, to day, to bring the basic things of philosophy into line withscientific conclusions, we must rest our philosophy upon thisfinal formula, namely, that within all organisms there is aprimal driving cause received from without." "For the orthodox,"he well concludes, "that primal driving cause may wellbe God." Augustine was right," apart from God, nothing is atrest." Not even science!IVMoral Alertness."The people who have no vision, perish," is an axiom astrue as it ancient. Crime waves, disrespect for law, a seekingfor the bizarre, seem almost to innundate at times. Butthe thing that matters in the flood is this: Are there thoseashore and equipped and ready to save. They are the hope andpromise of better things. An ancient city would have been safewith the "salt of ten." Here is just one straw among a handfulthat might be tossed up that reveals the presence of thisvirility. America has recently been stirred with the statisticswhich reveal the large place that youth has in crime. Why?has been the question in every quarter. Recently three prominentleaders—Catholic, Jew, and Protestant—united at the Nationalconvention of the Religious Education Association in Detroit,Michigan, answering that atheism is, today, America'sworst menace, and that religious teaching of school children isthe only way to overcome it. "Give Jesus Christ the same rightas Voltaire in the state universities," shouted one, and newspaperreports say the convention applauded wildly. "Thesespokesmen of many faiths at Detroit were not pleading for theabandonment of the firmly established American policy of separationof church and state," comments a leading daily of anEastern city. "That policy," it adds, "will continue." But asProf. Luther A. Weigle, of Yale, told the same convention sothe editor of the daily holds, "the separation of church andstate in America must not be interpreted to make the state auniversities propagator most same interesting professor, to irreligion."the "must comment sectarianism we the surrender "Never," Eastern of atheism." to editor public use concludes the schools And words with and "as of state this the

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 103atheists become more numerous and more blatant, more peoplewill agree that public school children in all states should befreed several hours every week for religious instruction at schoolsof their own faith." "And some will even ask," he dares toconclude, "why the existence of God (in whose reason exists allnatural law) cannot be taught without sectarianism of anysort in the public schools themselves." Who dare say in face ofsuch comment that the witness for principles maintained by ourchurch is not worth while. So, all along the lines of reformevidence may be found of the presence of a leaven that enheartens.Time alone limits their mentioning.Our Own Church.Near to our hearts are the things of our own Zion. Whathere enheartens ? Much we would answer. The basic thingsfor which we contend have already been seen as the goal towardwhich all must come. The new spirit of evangelism bespeakslife at the heart of the church. The near apostolic ardor and devotionof our missionaries quickens. The grand response ofthe young people as witnessed at the first National YoungPeoples' Convention in 1926 promises our future. The constantdesire of the church leaders to pray much together and to workas brethren for Christ adds new power.You see a world that wildly whirlsThru coiling clouds and battle smoke,And drenched in blood the children's curlsAnd women's hearts by thousands broke.I see a host above it allWhere angels wield their conquering sword,And thrones may rise—and thrones may fallBut comes the Kingdom of the Lord.We would name the Thursday of November set aside by thePresident of the United States for national Thanksgiving as aday of thanksgiving in our congregations through public worshipin the name of Christ, the source of all our blessings.We would urge the keeping as far as possible, in our congregations,in an appropriate way, the annual week of Prayerat the beginning of the New Year, and that the Thursday of thisweek be stressed as a day of humiliation, confession, and prayer.Respectfully submitted,R. w. redpath;The report of the special committee E. G. RUSSELL to which was referredthe memorial from Pittsburgh E. M. Presbytery ELSEY relative toincrease of pastors' salaries was T. read C. WEIR by R. W. Redpath,adopted as a whole and is as follows: m. w. McClelland

104 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEREPORT OF SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON MEMORIAL FROMPITTSBURGH PRESBYTERY TO INCREASE MINIMUMSALARIES AND CAMPAIGN FOR SPECIAL FUNDSIN BEHALF OF SAMEYour committee would repectfully report:That we are in entire accord with the proposals—but deemit wise in view of church financial conditions and in view oflittle early publicity concerning the proposal to hold matter inabeyance for one year.1. We recommend: That the proposals be printed in Minutesas appendix item.2. That the Home Missions Board give publicity to sameduring the year.3. That they be finally acted upon by the Mission Conferenceof 1928.Respectfully submitted,R. W. REDPATHJOSEPH FLEMINGJ. L. WRIGHTJ. W. ANDERSONG. G. McLAURYW. J. Sanderson read the report of the Finance Committee.Item 8 was referred to the Committee on Nominationsto name the committee called for. In accordance withitem 2, the Clerk cast the unanimous ballot of Synod forWm. J. Ward, R. M. Young and J. W. Anderson as theirown successors on Synod's Board of Trustees for the termbeginning June 15, 1927, and ending June 15, 1930. Thereport was adopted as a whole and is as follows:REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON FINANCEThe Committee on Finance would respectfully report:Eleven papers have been placed in our hands which are, thereport of Synod's Board of Trustees, Olive Trees Account,Treasurer's Report of Foreign Missions, Auditor's Report ofthe Foreign Mission Treasurer, Treasurer's Report of JewishMission, Treasurer's Report of Church Erection, Report of theBoard of Control, Petition to Reimburse Rev. W. McCarrollfor trip to Conference at Washington, Report of Board of ChurchErection, Treasurer's Report of Literary Fund, and Report ofWomens' Association.The following are our recommendations:1. That the treasurer's reports of Trustees of Synod,Olive Trees, Foreign Missions, Jewish Mission, Church Erection,Board of Control, Board of Church Erection; LiteraryFund and Womens' Association be approved together with the

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 105Auditor's certificates which accompany these reports and bepublished in the Minutes of Synod.2. That the clerk be directed to cast a unanimous ballotfor J. W. Anderson, W. J. Ward and Robert M. Young as theirown successors on the Synod's Board of Trustees.3. That O. L. Samson and A. F. Reid be elected their ownsuccessors on the Board of Control.4. That Walter McCarroll, Samuel R. Boggs and S. E.Greer be elected their own successors on the Board of ChurchErection.5. That the deficit of $224.99 in the printing and sale of1926 Minutes be paid out of the Literary Fund.6. That inasmuch as Walter McCarroll was appointed bythe Synod to attend the Conference at Washington, it is orderedthat his expenses of $18.00 be paid out of the Literary Fund.7. That the Synod record its appreciation of the excellentand efficient manner in which the Womens' Association continueto manage the work under their charge, of the successful handlingof the church's funds by the Board of Trustees, and of the gratisand pains taking service as treasurer of Joseph M. Steele.8. That inasmuch as the Olive Trees is a considerable expenseeach year to the church in addition to what is receivedin subscriptions and since the same is true concerning the ChristionNation, and as the publishing of these separately involvesthe paying of two subscription prices instead of one, a committeeof five be appointed to confer with the editors and managersof these periodicals with a view to combining them intoone, and, this committee report at the next meeting of Synod.W. J. SANDERSONOWEN F. THOMPSONREPORT OF THE TRUSTEES JOHN C. OF SLATER SYNODJOSEPH FLEMINGTo the Moderator and members of the Reformed PresbyterianJ. THOMAS McKELVEYSynod:Dear Brethren:The Trustees of Synod beg leave to submit the Treasurer'sReport for the year ending April 1, 1927, and to report concerningthe financial interests of the church entrusted to their management.During the year we have been the recipient of many blessingsfrom the Most High, for which we are grateful.The Following Bequests Were Received.James R. Logan, Londonderry, 0., for Budget $ 90.44Mrs. Ida S. Peoples, Phila., Pa., Foreign Mis.,.__ 156.57J. B. Dodds, Wyman, Iowa, Sundry Items 500.00Jane Stewart, Waukesha, Wis., Foreign Mis 1,000.00

106 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEW. Alex Brown, Phila., Pa., addit., China Miss.__ 1,107.21W. Alex Brown, Phila., Pa., add., Aged Peo. Home, 553.60Marg. Logan, Londonderry, O., Budget 2,036.14John T. Reeves, Beaver Falls, Pa.,Geneva College End 1 27,240.59Total $32,684.55The Following Gifts were Received.Amelia and David S. Gailey, per J. R. Copeland,Geneva College $ 60,000.00William Myler, per Mrs. Wm. Myler,Geneva College 50,000.00William McCoy, Triadelphia, W. Va.,Home Missions 3,000.00William McCoy, Triadelphia, W. Va.Foreign Misssions 1 3,000.00Total $116,000.00In addition to above, Mr. Samuel Robinson of Philadelphia,Pa., donated one thousand shares of American Stores Co. stockat a market value of $65,000.00 to Geneva College End., two localdonors gave Bonds to the value of $1,100.00 and Dr. J. S. Martin,with an annuity clause contributed one hundred shares of KeystoneDriller Co., common stock, all for Geneva College. Cashannuities to the amount of $28,201.00 were also received forsundry departments of the church. This makes a grand totalof $247,985.55 received for the work of the church.The earnings of the office were $65,965.79 from mortgagesand $5,220.50 from Stocks and Bonds. Our General Funds maybe classified as follows: Mortgages $981,560.03, Stocks andBonds $116,650.00, Annuities $60,968.94, Private Investmentsfor congregations $11,727.75, Bequests in Abeyance $35,628.71.The Endowments amount to $1,013,301.72.We have on our hands for sale, the Cedarville, O., Coulterville,111., and Middletown, Pa., church properties. At the closeof the fiscal year, nine departments of the church were debtorsto the Board to the amount of $98,561.55. An increase of$29,605.65 over last year.The regular dividend of five and one-half per cent was declaredand the balance credited to the Contingent Account.The books and accounts of your treasurer were audited byMr. H. A. Stout, public auditor and found correct.James S. Tibby with J. W. Anderson as alternate was appointedto represent the Board on the floor of Synod.For Synodical Action.The terms of J. W. Anderson, W. J. Ward and Robt. M.Young as members of the Board expires June 15th, 1927. Theirsuccessors should be elected by ballot.Respectfully submitted,JAMES S. TIBBY, Secretary.

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 107TREASURER TIBBY'S REPORTSurplus FundsReal Estate $148,000.00Buildings 641,200.00Furniture and Fixtures 50,225.00General Stocks and BondsGeneva College $86,650.00Cyprus and China Theo. students 4,000.00Ministerial Relief 1,500.00Home Missions 1,000.00Foreign Missions 1,000.00Southern Missions 5,750.00Syrian Missions 5,750.00$105,650.00General Annuity Stocks and BondsGeneva College $ 11,000.00SundriesAnnuities $ 60,968.94Special Invested Funds 12,727.75Bequests in Abeyance 35,628.71Endowment Funds$109,325.40Geneva College $389,328.35Theological Seminary 71,405.42William Myler Chair, Geneva Col.__ 50,000.00Amelia and David Gailey,Geneva College 60,000.00Mrs. M. E. and E. S. E. McKee,China 16,000.00Theological Students 16,876.88Ministerial Relief 25,385.42Foreign Missions 81,567.27Syrian Mission 7,020.54China Mission 2,937.50Rev. David and Mrs. M. E. McKee,Sundries 10,000.00Mrs. E. S. E. McKee, sundries 6,000.00Rev. and Mrs. Jas. McCune, China— 800.00Home Missions 65,643.83Southern Missions 8,447.95Indian Missions 4,138.54Jewish Missions 2,333.32Witness Work 2,883.34Aged People's Home 9,200.00Widows and Orphans 13,300.02Church Erection 3,400.00Rev. and Mrs. J. J. McClurkin 100.00Barnet,, Vt., congregation, sundries. 650.00

108 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEAmerican Bible Society 50.00Mary Sterrett, sundries 2,704.58David Gregg Fund, sundries 157,015.73M. W. Stevenson Fund 1,113.03D. S. Gailey Fund, Syria 5,000.00$1,013,301.72David Gregg Mortgage FundApril 1, 1926, Balance $159,587.00Mortgages taken 9,000.00$168,587.00Mortgages paid 12,237.00April 1, 1927 Balance $156,350.00David Gregg Mortgage InterestReceiptsCollections for year 9,860.90DisbursementsService 493.04Foreign Missions 3,434.89Home Missions 2,810.37Church Erection 624.52Theo. Seminary 624.52Southern Mission 624.52Widows and Orphans 624.52Central Allegheny congregation 624.52$ 9,860.90Mortgage FundsApril 1, 1926 Balance $729,257.53Mortgages paid 26,747.50$702,510.03Mortgages taken 122,700.00April 1, 1927 Balance $825,210.03Interest FundsReceiptsInterest on overdrafts 5,922.69Interest on mortgages 47,945.15$ 53,867.84DisbursementsShare office expenses 1,544.32Dividends 46,782.32Contingent Account 5,541.20$ 53,867.84

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 109Cash AccountApril 1, 1926 Balance $ 21,803.86Receipts 337,400.95$359,204.81Disbursements 347,714.84April 1, 1927 Balance $ 11,489.97Expense AccountRent $795.60, Phone $59.49, Supplies ._$ 95.03Clerk Hire $85.00, R. R. expenses 35.34Bond $25.00, Insurance 4.22Office Equipment $203,69, Salary— $3,000.00Auditor 238.75$ 4,542.12Above paid as follows:Indian Miss., $317.95, Southern Miss. $ 363.37Home Mission $681.32, Witness Work. 454.21Geneva College $817.58, Theo. Sem.- 363.37Interest Account 1,544.32$ 4,542.12Contingent AccountApril 1, 1926 Balance $44,069.23ReceiptsProfits of 1927 $ 5,541.20April 1, 1927 Balance — $ 49,610.43Pro Rate FundsCollections from two congregations $ 694.45Interest from Brooklyn church mort. 195.00$ 889.45Distribution to 14 departments of thechurch 889.45Undesignated Budget FundsApril 1, 1926 Balance overdrawn $ 759.91Jas. R. Logan Bequest $ 90.44Marg. Logan Bequest 2,036.14Collections 58,335.46 60,462.04$ 59,702.13Returned to Selma cong __ 85.00Distributed to 13 Dept 59,319.89 59,404.89April 1, 1927 Balance 1 297.24

110 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THETemperanceApril 1, 1926 Balance $ 548.39ReceiptsCollections $ 24.30$ 572.69DisbursementsSupplies $ 74.57R. R. expenses 20.00No-Tobacco Army 46.25 140.82April 1, 1927 Balance $ 431.87Students AidApril 1, 1926 Balance $ 692.02ReceiptsCollections $ 168.50Pro Rate Budget 17.79Undesignated Budget 1,493.71Over and above Budget 34.34Dividend 928.23 2,642.57$ 3,334.59DisbursementsBoard of Control $ .76To Memorial Bldg. Account,action 1926 Synod 1,720.00Share C. Nation Ads 104.16Share Forward Movement 25.33Dougherty $150, Fullerton $150— 300.00McKelvey $100, McFarland $100— 200.00Latham $150.98, Robb $120 270.98Ward 100, Hunter $450 550.00 $ 3,171.23April 1, 1927 Balance $ 163.36Ministerial ReliefApril 1, 1926 Balance § 212 90ReceiptsCollections $ 609.30Pro Rate Budget 30.24Undesignated Budget 2,216!46Over and Above Budget 62!33Dividends l,56o!70 $ 4,479.03tv k $ 4,691.93DisbursementsBoard of Control $ _7gLife Insurance, 4 studentsl,062!l5Share Christian Nation Ads 177]o7Share Forward Movement 43 07Interest on Overdraft ' 4597T. C. Sproul $400, W. S. Fulton $450 85o!oO

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 111S. J. Crowe $450, J. W. Dill $300 ._ 750.00B. M. Sharp $400, Wm. McFarland$500.00 900.00J. F. Crozier $300, G. A. Edgar $500 800.00Isaiah Faris $350, W. C. Allen $500 850.00 $ 5,479.02April 1, 1927 Balance overdrawn $ 787.09Widows and OrphansApril 1, 1926 Balance overdrawn $ 421.26ReceiptsCollections $ 185.03Pro Rate Budget 24.02Undesignated Budget 2,058.95Over and Above Budget 61.33Dividends 1,466.02 $ 3,795.35$ 3,374.09DisbursementsBoard of Control $ .76Share Christian Nation Ads 140.61Share Forward Movement 34.20Interest on overdraft , 61.93Mrs. M. M. Dodds $400, Mrs. French$400.00 800.00Juliet Cannon $250, Mrs. Faris $200 450.00Anna George $200, Juliet McDonald$200.00 400.00Mrs. P. P. Boyd $500, Agnes Wilson$200.00 700.00Mrs. I. A. Blackwood $500, AnnaPatton $200.00 700.00Marg. Willson $500, Jennie G.Dodds $400.00 900.00Mary D. Khouri 500.00 $ 4,687.50April 1, 1927 Balance overdrawn $ 1,313.41Theological SeminaryApril 1, 1926 Balance overdrawn $ 360.53ReceiptsCollections 103.63Pro Rate Budget 31.13Undesignated Budget 2,532.82Over and Above Budget 2.00J. B. Dodds Bequest 50.00Dividends 4,569.69 $ 7,289.27$ 6,928.74DisbursementsShare Christian Nation Ads $ 182.28Share Forward Movement 44.33

112 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEShare Office expenses 363.37Interest on overdraft 157.49Flowers, Mrs. G. Sleeth 10.00R. C. Wylie $3,000, R. J. G. Mc­Knight $3,000, George Sleeth $565 6,565.00R. J. G. McKnight R. R. expenses— 30.00Paul D. McCracken 35.00 $ 7,387.47April 1, 1927 Balance overdrawn $ 458.73Theological Seminary LibraryApril 1, 1926 Balance overdrawn $ 174.56ReceiptsUndesignated Budget 272.42$ 97.86DisbursementsBooks $ 42.16Magazines 55.70 $ 97.86Memorial BuildingAnril 1, 1926,Balance overdrawn $ 647.85ReceiptsPhone Calls $ 4.00Trans, from Students Aid FundAction 1926 Synod 1,720.00 $ 1,724.00$ 1,076.15DisbursementsGas $136.86, Coal 299.54, Electricity106.95 $ 543.35Phone $73.85, Supplies $80.54, Water$15.68 $ 170.07Repairs $135.55, Insurance $125.00, 260.55Interest on Overdraft __ 55.19 $ 1,028.16April 1, 1927 Balance $ 46.99Southern MissionsApril 1, 1926 Balance overdrawn $ 299.83ReceiptsCollections $ 1,524.97Pro Rate Budget 67.60Undesignated Budget _ 4.79L43Local Receipts4J)62!27Rent Little Knox ' 97.50J. B. Dodds Bequest 100 00Dividends1,263'.54Miscellaneous 13>00 $ 11,920.31$ 11,620.48

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 113DisbursementsR. R. Fare- $ 342.71Local expenses 3,760.62Salaries 9,563.25Share Office expenses 363.37Share C. Nation Ads 395.80Share Forward Movement 96.26Interest on OverdraftApril 1, 1927 Balance overdrawn181.51 14,703.52$ 3,083.04Indian MissionApril 1, 1926 Balance Overdrawn $ 746.12ReceiptsCollections $ 627.44Pro Rate Budget 17.79Outside Budget 2.00W. M. S. Pitts. Presby 1,200.00Dividend 227.62Notes on Account 117.15J. B. Dodds Bequest _1 50.00Sale Grain etc 2,451.79Sale Farm Implements and Stock—Disbursements2,714.C5 $ 6,661.72 7,407.84Local Mission expenses $ 773.49Local Farm expenses 1,054.43R. R. Fare 76.22Salaries 2,108.41Share Christian Nation Ads 104.16Share Office expenses 317.95Share Forward Movement 25.33April Interest 1, 1927 on Balance Overdraft 22.90 $ 2,178.83 4,482.89Home MissionsApril 1, 1926 Balance overdrawn $ 2,203.17ReceiptsCollections $ 1,227.11Pro Rate Budget , 102.29Outside Budget 38.00Undesignated Budget 8,330.60Special Collections 223.61Dividends 6,345.30 $ 16,266.91DisbursementsJ. K. Robb salary, Home Secretary. $ 500.06J, K. Robb expenses, Home Sec 46.50$ 14,063.74

114 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEA. C. Coulter, Rec. Secretary 50.00R. R. Fare, Board Repres., 119.55Share Christian Nation Ads 598.91Share Office expenses 681.32Share Forward Movement 145.66Interest on Overdraft 410.24Pittsburgh Syrian Account to closesame 204.51Miscellaneous 26.20Canada Presby., $1,587.37, Illinois$600.00 2,187.37Iowa $85, Kansas $542.70, NewYork $2,383.15 3,010.85Ohio $1,634.90, Pacific $1,308.32 2,943.22Philadelphia $600, PittsburghApril 1, 1927 Balance Overdrawn$5,155.17 5,755.17$ 3,415.78RochesterWitness Work799.96 $ 17,479.52April 1, 1926 Balance $ 2,255.29ReceiptsCollections $ 121.20Pro Rate Budget 41.80Undesignated Budget 3,786.00Outside the Budget 55.00Sale Literature 25.43Dividends 158.58W. J. Coleman 384.45J. M. Coleman 200.00W. C. McClurkin 36.00 $ 4,808.46 7,063.75DisbursementsPrinting $ 915.00Stamped envelopes etc 903.60Instrumental Music books 81.83Advertisements10o!oOShare Christian Nation Ads 244.77Share Office expenses 454.21Share Forward Movement 59!53Mrs. Marg. Bothwell, service 296!50Mrs. Greeta Coleman, service 75!25J. M. Coleman, salary 333i32April W. 1, J. 1927 Coleman, Balance salary 2,199!96 e j 188 g7W. J. Coleman, expenses 211.21 $ 5,875.18

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 115Evangelistic WorkApril 1, 1926 Balance $ 186.87ReceiptsR. A. M. Steele $ 335.44E. K. Patton 50.00Collections 14.00Outside Budget 3.00Pro Rate Budget 22.24Undesignated Budget 2,063.76$ 2,675.31 2,488.44DisbursementsR. A. M. Steele, salary $ 2,499.96R. A. M. Steele, expenses 427.91Postage 1.30Share Christian Nation Ads 130.19Share Forward Movement 31.67Interest on overdraft 34.18 $ 3,125.21April 1, 1927 Balance overdrawn $ 449.90Forward MovementReceiptsD. H. Elliott $ 493.38Balance of expenses charged tofourteen depts. of the church 1,266.62$ 1,760.00DisbursementsInterest on overdrafts $ 51.71Office Expenses 108.48D. H. Elliott, expenses 501.24D. H. Elliott, salary 1,041.65 $ 1,703.08April 1, 1927 Balance $ 56.92Geneva College MortgageApril 1, 1926 Balance overdrawn $ 85,000.00Paid Fidelity T. & T. Co. on acc't- 10,000.00April 1, 1927 Balance overdrawn $ 75,000.00Carnegie—Johnson NotesApril 1, 1926 Balance overdrawn $ 7,610.13April 1, 1927 Balance overdrawn $ 7,610.13Campus AccountApril 1, 1926 Balance overdrawn $ 13,950.63Interest on overdraft one year 837.04April 1, 1927 Balance overdrawn $ 14,787.67

116 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THECampaign AccountLocal Treasurer's ReportApril 1, 1926 Balance $ 839.21Pledges paid 20,183.01$ 21,022.22DisbursementsSalaries $ 4,065.00Expenses 399.62Office equipment 200.00Endowment Fund 8,000.00Current FundApril 1, 1927 Balance8,000.00 $ 20,664.62$ 357.60Joint Current AccountApril 1, 1926 Balance overdrawn $ 48,705.92ReceiptsBudget funds $ 10,920.00Outside budget 12.00Campaign pledges 8,000.00Dividends and Coupons 26,882.04J. B. Dodds bequest 50.00D. S. Gailey mortgage interest 2,095.00School liberal arts 68,734.05Extension 25,400.90Summer 11,802.50Athletics 36,782.03Music 190.00Public Speaking 99.00Book Store 14,473.24North Hall for men 1,664.00McKee Hall for women 7,441.00 $189,560.38DisbursementsDining Hall 23,720*.54 $238,266.30Payment on mortgage acc't $ 10,000.00Interest on mortgage 4 950.00Interest on Overdraft3^946^63Interest on Notes 606.60Share Forward Movement 164.66Share Christian Nation Ads 677!o3Share Office expenses 817 58Annuity 1 189178balary, Commission, Expenses FieldWorker 5,468.16Boyle Lot 5,150.25Insurance •_ 4^3 qqMiscellaneous • 62 00School Liberal Arts103 86L13

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 117Extension 22,796.51Summer 11,810.61Athletics 37,233.31Book Store 13,816.02North Hall for men 3,035.02McKee Hall for women 5,238.73Dining Hall 21,098.74 $251,340.71April 1, 1927 Balance overdrawn $ 61,780.33JAMES S. TIBBY, Treasurer.Auditor's ReportI, the undersigned appointed by the Trustees of the Synodof the Reformed Presbyterian Church of North America toaudit the Accounts of James S. Tibby, Treasurer, would respectfullyreport, that I have examined the Accounts, Cash inBanks and find same correct as per above Report to the 1927Synod.H. A. STOUT, Public Auditor.OLIVE TREE ACCOUNT, JOSEPH M. STEELE, TREASURERStatement of Funds for Year, April 15, 1926 to April 15, 1927ReceiptsSubscriptions $ 900.00W. M. S. Third Church, Phila 25.00Transferred from Foreign MissionGeneral FundAccount to cover Deficit 12-31-26— 853.55 $ 1,778.55April 15, 1926, No Balance.DisbursementsLudwig Printing House $ 1,498.10$ 280.45Respectfully submitted,J. M. STEELE, Treasurer.

118 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEBOARD OF FOREIGN MISSIONS OF THE SYNOD OF THEREFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF NORTHAMERICA REPORT OF JOSEPH M. STEELE,TREASURER FOR YEAR ENDING APRIL15, 1927.Statement of Funds in Foreign Mission Accounts, April 15, 1927Syria Hospital Fund $ 2,282.63Mersine Hospital Fund 9,578.61Latakia Dwelling Building Fund— 4,139.08Tarsus Building Fund 6,223.55Mersine School Fund 62.24J. D. McAnlis Fund 518.12Foreign Field Deputation Fund 1,514.60J. French Carithers Memorial Fund 5,916.62Foreign Mission, General Fund Account3,100.22Syria Mission, Special Fund 1,629.47Asia Minor Mission, Special Fund__ No Bal.Cyprus Mission, Special Fund 755.75China Mission, Special Fund _i 2,805.50Girls' school, Nicosia, Cyprus,salary accountNo Bal.D. O. Brown Memorial Fund No BalEstate D. S. Gailey, Special Fund— No Bal.$ 32,325.95LATAKIA HOSPITAL FUNDBalance, April 15, 1926 $ 2 469.41Receipts:Dividends:Support of Beds $ 140.00General Use 19 25Mrs. E. S. E. McKee, Cot, $ 60.00David & M. E. McKee, Cot 60.00 120.00Interest on Account 33.97 313 22Disbursements: 'Sent to Field 500 00$ 2,282.63MERSINE HOSPITAL FUNDBalance, April 15, 1926 $ 9 199 12Receipts:'Bequests :Mrs. John Peoples $ 150.57Dividend:David & M. E. McKee, Cot$ 80.00Interest on Account 142.92 222.92 379.49No Disbursements: $ 9 578 61

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 119LATAKIA DWELLING BUILDING FUNDBalance, April 15, 1926 $ 4,077.44Interest on Account 61.64$ 4,139.08No Disbursements:TARSUS BUILDING FUNDBalance, April 15, 1926 $ 6,130.75Interest on Account 92.80$ 6,223.55No Disbursements.MERSINE SCHOOL FUNDBalance, April 15, 1926 $ 61.31Interest on Account .93$ 62.24No Disbursements:DAVID OLIVER BROWN MEMORIAL FUNDBalance, April 15, 1926 $ 195.09Disbursements:Sent to Latakia to buydesks for school 195.09No Bal.J. D. McANLIS FUNDBalance, April 15, 1926 $ 510.90Interest on Account 7.22FOREIGN, FIELD DEPUTATION FUNDBalance, April 15, 1926 $ 1,514.60No Disbursements:$ 518.12ESTATE OF D. S. GAILEY SPECIAL FUNDBalance, April 15, 1926 $ 5,263.87Disbursements:Principal of Fund sent toTrustee of Synod forpermanent investment- $ 5,000.00Int. on Fund trans, toSyria Special Fund 263.87 $ 5,263.87No Bal.

120 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEJ. FRENCH CARITHERS MEMORIAL FUNDBalance, April 15, 1926 - $ . 1,950.12;Receipts:Sale of Liberty Bonds $ 8,962.34Interest on Liberty Bonds.. 222.70Gift, Mr. R. N. Redpath- 700.00Interest on AccountDisbursements:86.82To lift mortgage on propertypurchased at Larnaca,CyprusCom. on sale of Lib'y BondsLiberty Bonds $1,600.00$ 6,000.005.369,971.86$ 11,921.986,005.36$ 5,916.62FOREIGN MISSION GENERAL FUND ACCOUNTReceiptsCongregations (including Budget) —$ 29,755.77Sabbath Schools and Societies ., 4,210.80Individuals 2,157.50 $ 36,124.07Bequests:Wm. Alexander Brown - 1,107.21Jane Stewart 1,000.00W. B. Dodds 200.00Miss M. Sterrett 174.37Dividends:David Gregg 3,434.89Regular Endowment 4,848.41Mrs. E. S. E. McKee 50.00Ryegate and Barnet, Vt 17.87Rev. D. and M. E. McKee 410.00M. E. and E. S. E. McKee 880.00 12,122.75Salary returned $ 52,085.21 100.00Less Travel Debit Balance, and Outfit April Money 15, 1926 returned- 2,102.17. 462.48Paid by Mr. Lytle $ 49,983.04 242.16Value of Liberty Bonds DisbursementsTrans, fromSyria Foreign (Latakia Field and Suadia Dept. Fund Stations):3,033.75Salaries $ 10,332.08Mission Expense 8,558.04Travel 2,078.21— $ 20,968.33

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 121Asia Minor (Tarsus Station)):Salaries $ 1,020.00Miss. Expense (Inc.rent of bldgs.) 1,489.09Travel „ Nothing$ 2,509.09Cyprus Station:Salaries $ 6,908.34Mission Expense 2,697.03Travel2,968.0u$ 12,573.37China:Salaries $ 14,645.33Mission Expenses 2,387.14Travel Nothing $ 17,032.47 $ 53,083.26Total Disbursements— $ 53,083.26Total Receipts 49,983.04Total Deficit $ 3,100.22SYRIA MISSIONSPECIAL FUNDSReceipts:Bible Women $ 164.00Relief 997.43Latakia Schools 54.52Jurge Michel 60.00Julia Shemas 85.00Boys' School, Latakia 325.00Special School in Village 200.00Orphans 10.00Dividends:Est. D. S. Gailey Fund, Education- 420.25 $ 2,316.20Balance, April 15, 1926 $ 2,875.99 559.79Disbursements:Relief and Sundry Purposes asabove $ 1,246.52$ 1,629.47Liberty Bonds $ 300.00ASIA MINOR MISSIONSPECIAL FUNDSApril 15, 1926No Receipts nor Disbursements:No Balance

122 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THECYPRUS MISSIONSPECIAL FUNDSReceipts:Education $ 115.00Personal 50.00Girls' School 220.00Boys' School 25.00Support 25.00Relief 20.75Dividends:Keystone Driller Co., for Students.. 230.00 $ 685.75Balance, April 15, 1926 928.17$ 1,613.92Disbursements:Sent to Field for Sundry Purposesas above $ 858.17$ 755.75CHINA MISSIONSPECIAL FUNDSReceipts:House Boat $ 53.14Support of Boy 50.00Educate Girl 15.00Country Work 50.00Discretion of Mrs. W. M. Robb 20.00Orphans 10.00Bible Women 40.00Dr. Dickson's Work 9.75Dividends:Keystone Driller Co. for Students. 230.00Rev. Jas. McCune, Educate Girl._._ 44.00 521.89Balance April 1, 19262 559^34Balance, April 15, 1926 $ 3,081.23Disbursements:Sundry Purposes as above $ 275.73T., . „ , $ 2,805.56Liberty Bonds $ 1,100.00GIRLS' SCHOOL, NICOSIA, CYPRUSSalary AccountReceipts:From Women's Presbyterials $ 2,620.83April 15, 1926 No Balance $ 2,620.83Disbursements:Salaries paid three teachers one yr. 2 620 83

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 123AMOUNTS DUE MISSIONARIESADVANCES MADE FOR MISSIONARIESDr. R. E. Smith $ 5.74Miss F. Elma French '.__ 165.00$ 510.00$ 170.74SECRETARY'S EXPENSEMiscellaneous Travel for othersthan Secretary $ 76.42Ludwig Printing House (folders) ._ 7.00Monthly Allowance 1,200.00$ 1,283.42Gifts to this Fund 355.00928.42Distributed:Syria Mission Expense $ 185.68Asia Minor Mission Expense 185.68Cyprus Mission Expense 185.68China Mission Expense 371.38$ 928.42TREASURER'S EXPENSEBond $ 50.00Audit 85.00Copies of Minutes of Synod 15.50Printing, Postage and Stationery— 25.64Distributed:176.14Syria Expenses 35.23Asia Minor Expenses 35.23Cyprus Expenses 35.23China Expenses 70.45 $ 176.14

Receipts$52,085.212,316.20Nothing685.75521.89313.22379.4961.6492.80.937.229,971.86$14,351.00$52,085.2114,351.001927Payments$53,083.261,246.52858.17275.73500.00195.096,005.365,263.87$14,344.74$53,083.2614,344.74$66,436.21 $67,428.00di-3HCOortHwHCO>

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 126STATEMENT OF BALANCE AND DISTRIBUTION OF CASHIN BANKSForeign Mission Accounts:General, Special & Miscellaneous __ $ 32,606.40Board of Church Erection 4,197.38Amounts Due Missionaries _. 510.00Less:Debit Balance, Jewish Mission Acct.$ 346.03Amounts due by Missionaries 170.74Deposited as Follows:* Brown Brothers & Co $ 21,391.30Central National Bank 3,749.07Bank of North America & Trust Co. 3,517.06Societe, General, Paris, France 8,139.58* Includes Deposits ofApril 18, 1927May 3, 1927$ 37,313.78516.77$ 36,797.01$ 36,797.01Respectfully submitted,JOS. M. STEELE, Treasurer.Mr. Joseph M. Steele, Treasurer.The Board of Foreign Missions of the Synod of the ReformedPresbyterian Church of North America, Philadelphia.Dear. Sir—We have audited your accounts as Treasurer ofthe Board of Foreign Missions of the Synod of the ReformedPresbyterian church of North America for the year ended April15, 1927. All receipts as shown by your books were depositedin bank and all disbursements were supported by propervouchers. The balances in bank were verified by correspondencewith the depositories with the exception of that held bythe Societe Generale, Paris, France, $8,139.58, for which no requestfor confirmation was mailed. According to the records ofyour office the amount of this deposit has not changed sinceApril 15, 1925. The $3,250 U. S. Liberty Bonds, and 10 sharesof Missouri State Life Insurance Co., par $10, which are notentered on the books, were verified by examination.Annexed we submit a statement of the balances in the variousfunds at April 15, 1927. Very truly yours,LYBRAND, ROSS BROS. & MONTGOMERY.

126 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEDETAILS OF THE FUNDS OF THE BOARD OF FOREIGNMISSIONS OF THE SYNOD OF THE REFORMEDPRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF NORTHAMERICA, APRIL 15, 1927.Board of Foreign Missions:Syria Hospital Fund $ 2,282.63Mersine Hospital Fund 9,578.61Latakia Dwelling Building Fund— 4,139.08Tarsus Building Fund 6,223.55Mersine School Fund 62.24Rev. J. D. McAnlis Fund 518.12Foreign Field Deputation Fund 1,514.60J. French Carithers, Memorial Fund 5,916.62Foreign Mission, General Fund,Overdraft 3,100.22Syrian Mission, Special Fund 1,629.47Cyprus Mission, Special Fund 755.75China Mission, Special Fund 2,805.50$ 32,325.95Jewish Mission Board, Overdraft $ 346.03Board of Church Erection 4 197 38Olive Trees Publication 280.45Amount Due Missionaries510^00taj , „ $ 36,967.75Less, Advances made for Missionaries:Dr. R. E. Smith $ 5,74F. Elma French 165.00• $ 170.74Held as follows: $ 36'797-01At Brown Brothers & Co $ 21 391 30*At Bank of North America & Trust '3 517 06At Central National Bank 3 749 07At Societe Generale, Paris, France. 8'l39.'58, T , " $ 36,797.01deposited If'LIf ^^ Apr" 18' 1927> and *".»

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 127MISSION OF THE COVENANT(JEWISH MISSION)STATEMENT OF FUNDS, APRIL 15, 1926 TO APRIL 15, 1927Joseph M. Steele, Treasurer.ReceiptsCongregations (Including Budget) $ 2,211.47Sabbath Schools & Societies 259.53Individuals 144.00$ 2,615.00Receipts to Mission Direct 91.15Bequest:J. B. Dodds 50.00Dividend:Regular Endowment $ 2,884.47 128.32Balance, April 15, 1926 39.34DisbursementsSalaries $ 2,400.00Cleaning and Supplies 104.84Telephone 40.66Gas 6.70Electricity 16.33Additional Help for Sewing Class 51.00Carfare and Postage 8.35Coal 196.30Stationery and Supplies 1.85Repairs to Property 174.45Fire Protection 3.75Books and Literature 58.42Christian Nation & Forward Movement 207.19$ 2,923.81$ 3,269.84Total Disbursements-$ 3,269.84Total Receipts 2,923.81Total Deficit $ 346.03Respectfully submitted,JOS. M. STEELE, Treasurer.BOARD OF CHURCH ERECTIONJOSEPH M. STEELE, TREASURERSTATEMENT OF FUNDS FOR YEAR, APRIL 15, 1926TO APRIL 15, 1927ReceiptsCongregations (Including Budget) $ 1,663.63Individuals 27.00Repaid acct. Mortgage, Topeka, Kans.,Congregation 100.00

128 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THERepaid acct. Mortgage, Bovina Center,N. Y. Congregation 100.00Sale of Billings Church 1,480.30Interest on Account 64.30Dividends:David Gregg 624.52Regular Endowment 187.00$ 4,246.75Balance, April 15, 1926 3,580.12$ 7,826.87DisbursementsLoan to Millers' Run Congregation $ 2,500.00Loan to Bear Run & Mahoning Cong... 1,000.00Christian Nation & Forward Movement. 129.49$ 3,629.49$ 4,197.38Liberty Bonds $ 250.00Respectfully submitted,JOS. M. STEELE, Treasurer,FINANCIAL REPORT OF LITERARY FUND, APRIL 1, 1926TO APRIL 1, 1927April 1, 1926 Balance $ 1,060.44ReceiptsCollections from Congregations $ 22.10Cuts for Walton Congregation 7.25Dockets 36.65Sale 1926 Minutes of Synod 442.50Sale Books 910.76$ 1,419.26$ 2,479.70DisbursementsMinute Book for Mission Conference $ 3.75Synodical Programs 7.75Cut Moderator4^35Wrapping Paper4^00Printing Co. ordinating Comm. Blanks- 4 00Printing 1926 Docket54.IOOlive Tree Ads 10.00Storage of Bookslo!oOS. S. Supplemental Studies 26!80Printing & freight on 1926 Minutes 549^8Printing & freight on Psalm Selections 690 92Editing 1926 Minutes 100.00Postage on 1926 Minutes17J61Postage and expressage on Books 25!59April 1, 1927 Balance « 970~95JAMES S. TIBBY, Treasurer.$ 1,508.75

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 129PRINTING AND SALE OF 1926 MINUTES OF SYNODOne thousand copies of the Minutes of the 1926 Synod wereprinted by the Morning Sun News-Herald of Morning Sun, Iowa.885 copies were sold at fifty cents a copy $ 442.5010 free copies were distributed.895Cost of Printing $ 532.18Postage 18.82Freight 16.49Service of Synod's Clerk in editing 100.00$ 667.49Deficit $ 224.99JAMES S. TIBBY, Treasurer.THIRTIETH ANNUAL REPORT OF THE TREASURERREFORMED PRESBYTERIAN WOMAN'S ASSOCIA­TION OF NORTH AMERICA, YEAR ENDINGFEBRUARY 28, 1927.ReceiptsAdmission Fees $ 1,500.00Bequests—William S. McAnlis 35.66Mary E. Finley 68.99William Alexander Brown 553.60Boarding Income 71.89Congregational Collections 70.36Dividends 553.25Reception and Donation Day 926.35Donations 142.00Endowment Memorial Rooms 150.00William McCoy Endowment 500.00Interest—On Checking Account 60.22On Savings Account 125.92On Mortgages 2,237.82Membership Dues 532.00Member's Fund 2,116.80Sundry Cash Income 255.86Accounts Receivable 422.54Total Receipts $ 10,323.26ExpendituresBurial Expense $ 331.50Drugs and Medicines 14.40Equipment — 1,319.67

130 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEFood Supplies 2,518.76Garden and Grounds 164.52General Expense . 1,101.57Insurance 81.15Light and Heat 1,192.08Matron's Expense Fund 868.05Memorial Room Expense 130.41Memorial Room Furnishings 54.00Nursing 597.86Office Expense 247.44Home Property 346.98Repairs 267.24Salary Account 3,041.95Telephone 58.16Transferred to Savings Accounts 650.52Interest and Miscellaneous 1,143.24Total Expenditures $ 14,129.50SummaryTotal Receipts $ 10,323.26Add Balance March 1, 1926 4,258.71$ 14,581.97Total Expenditure for the year 14,129.50Balance February 28, 1927— $ 452.47Excess of Expenditures during year__. $ 3,806.24AssetsCash-Mellon National Bank Saving Acct.$ 798.79City Deposit Bank Savings Acct— 3,000.00City Deposit Bank Checking Acct. 452.47$ 4,251.26Real Estate—Cemetery Lots $ 1,175.00Home Property 48,464.21„„ , $ 49,639.21Stocks—Keystone Driller $ 180 00Mortgages Receivable—Ethel B. and Frank H. Eckels $ 15,000 00George Frankovick H 500 00Joseph B. and Sophia Weight 6,000.00Furniture and Fixtures __ f ^'cnn'nnEquipment in:::::: * SBJjjgTotal Assets $ 97,568.78

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 131LiabilitiesMembers Fund $ 8,731.22Memorial Room Furnishings 148.65Reserve Interest Fund, Memorial Rooms 798.79Managers Contingent Fund 2.27$ 9,680.93SummaryTotal Assets $ 97,568.78Total Liabilities 9,680.93Excess of Assets $ 87,887.85Respectfully submitted,AGNES E. STEELE, Treasurer.March 15, 1927.To the Board of Managers Reformed Presbyterian Woman's Associationof North America.This is to certify that I have audited the books of the ReformedPresbyterian Woman's Association of North Americaand have found them to be correct to the best of my knowledgeand belief.The contents of the safe deposit box of the Association wasexamined. All stocks, bonds and mortgages owned by the Associationand those held for its members were properly accountedfor.Very truly yours,N. E. RICHARDS, Auditor.BOARD OF CHURCH ERECTIONThe Board of Church Erection would respectfully report toSynod as follows:The Board during this past year held its meetings as usualalternating between Philadelphia and New York. The utmostof harmony has prevailed, and we are glad to believe that theblessing of the Most High God has attended our labors.The activities of this Board in more recent years have beenextended and now include financial aid for the building ofchurches, the purchasing of churches and the repairing of churchbuildings. Also for the building of parsonages, the purchase ofparsonages and the repairing of parsonages.During this year, we received from the sale of the Billings,Oklahoma church $1,544. We also received from the budgetdistributions $1,664, and from invested funds $811. From repaymentsby congregations to which loans had been made, $200,and by individual contributions $27, a total of $4,246.With reference to disbursements, we paid to the Miller'sRun congregation the $2,500 appropriated last year to aid in thebuilding of their new church.One thousand dollars was paid to the Bear Run and Mahoningand Johnsonburg congregation for much needed repairson their recently purchased parsonage.

132 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEFifteen hundred dollars was paid to the Quinter, Kansascongregation to aid in the building of a parsonage. This amounthad been appropriated to Quinter congregation in June 1925.Our pro rate of the expenses of the Christian Nation and theForward Movement was $129. This leaves in our treasury atthe present time, $2,947 which includes $250 in Liberty Bonds.For your further information concerning these matters, weherewith submit the annual report of Joseph M. Steele,Treasurer.The amount asked for this year through the Co-ordinatingCommittee is $2,000. S. E. Greer was appointed to represent theBoard before the Coordinating Committee and on the floor ofSynod.The term for which Walter McCarroll, Samuel R. Boggs andS. E. Greer were elected has expired and their successors onthe Board should be elected. Respectfully submitted,S. E. GREER, Secretary.REPORT OF THE BOARD OF CONTROLThe Board of Control would respectfully report:Since the last meeting of Synod the Board has held onemeeting at the home of H. G. Patterson. J. P. Baird was electedpresident and H. G. Patterson secretary and D. B. Martinassistant secretary.Thirty-one applications for aid were received by the Board.Ten from aged ministers, thirteen from widows and orphans andeight from students of theology. $4150.00 was granted to theaged ministers; $4,450.00 was granted to widows and orphans,and $1,140.00 was granted to students of theology. In spite ofthe fact that in many cases the aged ministers and widowswere not granted all that they asked and really needed, at theclose of the year there was a deficit of $1,313.41 in the widowsand orphans fund and of $787.09 in the aged ministers fund.In view of the fact that ministers give their services forsmaller salaries than other professional men and that it is impossiblefrom these small salaries to live in the way they areexpected to live and lay by for old age, the Board would urge thechurch to be liberal in contributing to these funds, so thatministers and their wives who have labored long and faithfullymay be comfortable in their old age.The time for which O. L. Samson and A. F. Reid werechosen as members of the Board has expired and their successorsW. should J. Sanderson be elected submitted at this meeting the report of Synod. of the Committeeto review the draft of the H. Children's G. PATTERSON, Handbook. Secretary. The reportwas adopted and is as follows:

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 133REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON CHILDREN'S HAND BOOKYour Committee would respectfully report that it deemsthe work of reviewing and judging the material prepared forthe Hand Book as being too great for your committee in thetime it can command at this Synod, to recommend any finaldisposition of the matter.Hence the following is recommended:1. That the material prepared for this book by W. J. Mc­Knight and placed in the hands of your committee, be publishedin the Appendix of the Minutes of Synod.2. That the following, F. E. Allen, J. M. Wylie, DavidCalderwood, F. M. Foster, John Coleman and W. J. McKnight beappointed a committee which, during this year, shall study notonly the parts presented at this Synod, but also the historicalpart as published in the 1927 Minutes, with a view to determiningthe suitableness of the whole to form the contents ofthe proposed book, and report at the next meeting of Synod.Respectfully submitted,The report of the Elders' W. J. Conference SANDERSON, was Chairman.read by elderJoseph Fleming. Item 6 was referred to the Committee onNominations. The report was adopted as a whole, and is asfollows:ELDERS' CONFERENCEThe Committee on Resolutions appointed by the Elder's Conferencewould respectfully recommend the following:1. That the tithe will solve all the financial problems ofthe church, and that pastors keep the matter before their congregationsuntil every member is a tither.2. That where city missionaries are employed, they shouldbe instructed to make a special effort to have our SabbathSchool membership increased this year and that all teachersshould be asked to get in touch with absent members before thefollowing Sabbath.3. That all pastors be requested to preach on each of ourdistinctive principles at least once a year.4. That all pastors will report on Rel. No. 3 to their variouspresbyteries before the end of the church year so that presbyterieswill be able to include this in their presbyterial reportto Synod.5. That more prayer be offered for our church and all departmentsof its work.6. That Synod appoint a committee to investigate whatcan be done so that aliens may obtain their citizenship, and reportto Synod next year.7. Realizing that the land in which we dwell is passingthrough a period of sad calamities, in bank failures, the effectsof drouth, floods and storms, therefore, Resolved that we bewarned against laying all the responsibility for these disasters

134 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEupon the ungodly and wicked of our land; but rather be admonishedto consider whether or not that God is holding a controversywith his own people; and in either case to what extentthe responsibility and means of deliverance rests upon thepeople of God. His Word informs us that if when similar conditionswere prevailing, "the people which are called by My nameshall humble themselves and pray and seek My face and turnfrom their wicked ways; then will I hear from heaven and willforgive their sin and will heal their land." 2 Chron. 7.14.JOSEPH FLEMING, Chairman.James S. Tibby submitted his annual report as StatedClerk. The report was adopted and is as follows:REPORT OF THE STATED CLERKSummaryWith the organization of the China Presbytery, there is enrolled12 presbyteries, 99 congregations, 4 mission stations, 124ministers, 380 elders, 393 deacons or trustees, 9 licentiates, 8theological students, 7202 members in the home field. In theforeign field, Latakia reports 258 members; Larnaca 66; Nicosia48; Tak Hing 205; Lo Ting 312, a total of 889. The SabbathSchool enrollment is 7939, in the Young Peoples' Societies 1815,2146 tithers, 36 parsonages.CongregationsThere are 94 in the home field. Seventy-three have pastors,21 without pastors, 40 congregations report a net gain in membership,11 stood still, 43 fell back, 28 report not a single accession.MinistersThere are 124 ministers, 71 are pastors, 4 stated supplies,5 in the foreign field, 4 in reform work, 6 at Geneva College, 2in the theological seminary, 1 in Sabbath School work, 7 insecular callings, 10 retired, 3 in home mission work, 3 in outsidecolleges. A. J. Khouri died at Clifton Springs, N. Y August29, 1926. George A. Edgar at Winona Lake, Indiana, February10, 1927. Frank H. Lathom was licensed May 9, 1927 at Parnassus,Pa Paul D. McCracken was ordained and installedpastor of Slippery Rock, Pa., congregation July 7, 1926 PaulR-J^n1*?,?8 iPsJ,alled pastor of Eskridge, Kas., congregation0.ct;,r-2' 1926> £' E- Allen was Pleased from the pastoral chargeot Winnipeg, Canada, congregation Nov. 4, 1926 J B Gilmorefrom La Junta, Col., congregation Sept. 26, 1926 ChasT. Carson from Greeley, Col., congregation Sept. 1, 1926 J B*Tweed from First Beaver Falls, Pa., congregation Oct. 26, 1926.'?"iQ9^ Oct. Canada 20, 19M congregation 1926. a6Wa p F. w"i-NfV / F. pReade Nov. P r A1|xandria> was 4, Syracuse, 1926. installed F. Pa., New E. pastor Allen congregation York of of the congregationHopkintonWinniDee- March

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 135Iowa, congregation Feb. 10, 1927. George S. Coleman of Cambridge,Mass., congregation Sept. 24, 1926. Frank D. Frazerof Portland, Oregon, congregation Nov. 16, 1926. D. H. Elliottof Pittsburgh, Pa., congregation Sept. 10, 1926. A. A. Wylieof East End, Pittsburgh, Pa., congregation Nov. 9, 1926.CommunicantsSeven thousand two hundred and two members are reportedin the home field, a decrease of eighty-nine. Central Canadapresbytery reports a net gain of eight; Pacific Coast of thirtytwo;Philadelphia of nine; Rochester of seven. Colorado Presbyteryhad a net loss of fourteen; Illinois of fifty-four; Iowa often; Kansas of sixty-two; New York of four; Ohio of one; Pittsburghof twenty-four. One hundred and thirty-one memberswere certified to other congregations; 108 joined other denominations;101 passed away, a total decrease of 509 is reportedthis year against 445 of last year. One hundred and thirtyfourCovenanter children joined the mother church; 51 memberscame from sister denominations and 84 from the world. Atotal increase is reported of 417 as against 369 of last year.Winchester, Kansas, congregation with 215 members, has thelargest membership.ContributionsAccording to the reports of the three general treasurers,$85,102.07 was contributed for the work of the church. Thisis $11.81 a member as against $12.43 of last year, $34,440 forforeign missions or $4.78 per member. Congregational Treasurersreport collections of $1,913.00 for the American Bible Society;National Reform, $4,055.00; Pastor's salary, $127,844.00;Budget, $82,518.00; Miscellaneous, $139,566.00, or total contributionsof $356,633.00 This is $49.52 as against $49.60 of theprevious year.Certified copies of the 1925 Synodical Minutes were depositedJ. in W. the Anderson safety box. read the report of the Committee onTraveling Fund which was adopted Respectfully and is submitted,as follows:REPORT OF COMMITTEE ONJAMESTRAVELINGS. TIBBY,FUNDStated Clerk.Your Committee having in charge the Traveling Fund wouldrespectfully report:Balance from 1926 Synod $ 43.48Quota received from all congregations 4,353.00Total receipts $ 4,396.48Total expense, 128 participating delegates $ 3,693.25Balance $ 703.23J. W. ANDERSON, Chairman.

136 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THED. Calderwood submitted the report of the Committeeon Supplies which was adopted and is as follows:COMMITTEE ON SUPPLIESYour Committee would respectfully report:Presbyteries ask for the time of ten men. Those desiringpreaching are assigned as follows:A. J. McFarland—Iowa, June-August; Kansas, September-October; Pittsburgh, November-May.Wylie Daugherty—Kansas, June-August; Colorado, September-October;Iowa, November-January; Pittsburgh, February-May.Roy Fullerton—Pittsburgh, June-July; Kansas, August-October; Colorado, November-December; Pittsburgh, January-May.W. S. Fulton—Ohio, July-August; Pittsburgh, September-October; Kansas, November-December; Ohio, January-June.R. Hargrave—Rochester, June-July; Ohio, August-May.J. W. Dill—Kansas all year.G. R. McBurney—Kansas all year.Isaiah Faris—Kansas all year.J. B. Gilmore—Central Canada, June-October; Pittsburgh,November-February; Kansas, March-May.S. F. Kingston—Illinois all year.J. K. Robb—Pittsburgh, June-August; Iowa, September-November; Kansas, December-March; Colorado, April-May.W. C. Allen—Iowa all year.R. W. Piper—Pittsburgh, June-September; Kansas, October-January; Iowa, February-March; Central Canada, April-May.W. C. McClurkin—Pittsburgh all year.Remo I. Robb—Kansas, June-August; Pacific Coast, September-October;Central Canada, December-February; Pittsburgh,March-May.R. H. McKelvey—Kansas, July-September; Colorado, October-December;Iowa, January-February; Pittsburgh, March-May.R. C. Ward—Pittsburgh, June-August; Iowa, September-October; Kansas, November-February; Central Canada, March-May. The report of the Committee on Time and Place ofmeeting Frank was Lathom—Pittsburgh, read by D. B. Martin, June-September; adopted and Kansas, is as May. follows:DAVID CALDERWOOD,TIME AND PLACEE. G. RUSSELL,F. F. READE,Your Committee on Time andJ.PlaceL. WRIGHT.of Meeting would respectfullyreport:We have received no invitation from Covenanter congrega-

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 137tions asking the Synod to meet within their bounds next year.We have received formal invitations to meet at the followingplaces through hotels or boards of trade: Charleston, S. C;Atlantic City, N. J.; Denver, Colorado; New York City, N. Y.;and Philadelphia, Pa. Your committee deem it impracticable toaccept any of these invitations.We recommend:1. That because of the suitable location, convenient andhospitable accomodations, the Synod accept the hearty invitationto meet next year at Winona Lake, Indiana.2. That inasmuch as Geneva College commencement will beheld June 5th, we recommend that the time for the next meetingof Synod be set for Wednesday, June 6, 1928, at 2:00 p. m.3. That the Synod, through its officers, convey to theWinona Lake Institutions the appreciation of Synod of the kindnessand helpfulness of all those who have made our meetingthis year so pleasant.Respectfully submitted,D. BRUCE MARTIN,D. B. RUSSELL,PAUL D. WHITE,JAMES TORRENS,J. D. Edgar, D. C. MathewsOLIVERand J. S.WILLSON.Martin werenamed a Committee on Arrangements for next Synod.The Committee on Nominations submitted its final reportwhich was adopted as a whole and is as follows:REPORT COMMITTEE ON NOMINATIONSYour Committee would respectfully report the followingnominations:Representative to attend Lord's Day Alliance Conferencein Pittsburgh: A. A.Wylie.Committee to write President Coolidge urging enforcementof prohibition laws: John Coleman, W. 0. Ferguson, W. A.Carson.Special Committee on Resolution from New York Presbyteryin re Supplies: Boyd A. White, Clifford Mathews, J. S.Tibby.Committee on Forward Movement: J. G. McElhinney, J.D. Edgar, D. B. Martin, W. J. McBurney, R. A. Blair, John L.Wright, John W. Anderson, the Moderator to counsel with them.On the 400th Anniversary of Patrick Hamilton: F. D.Frazer, O. F. Thompson, R. C. Greer.Members Committee on Temperance: J. R. W. Stevenson,Anna Cabeen.Correspondence with Canadian Presbyterian church: J. S.Stewart.Committee on Near East Relief: F. M. Wilson, Walter Mc­Carroll, S. R. Boggs, Evan W. Jones.

138 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THETo write letters of sympathy:To Mrs. A. J. Khouri, E. G. Russell.To Mrs. George A. Edgar, R. C. Reed.To Mrs. J. M. Balph, F. M. Foster.To A. I. Robb, J. C. Slater.To W. C. Allen, M. R. Jameson.To R. Hargrave, R. J. Mclsaac.To R. S. McElhinney, D. B. Martin.To J. S. Thompson, J. M. Wylie.To C. A. Dodds, J. H. Pritchard.To J. R. Latimer, J. M. Johnston.To William McFarland, W. G. Robb.To B. M. Sharp, J. M. Foster.To James Carson, S. E. Greer.Bible Reading Committee: F. F. Reade, H. G. Patterson,Richard McAllister.Committee to review Communicant's Hand Book: H. G.McConaughy, J. G. McElhinney, J. M. Wylie, F. E. Allen, W. O.Ferguson, F. M. Foster, W. J. Sanderson, David Calderwood,W. J. McBurney, J. K. Gault, J. M. Rutherford, S. R. McKelvey,A. A. Carson, John L. Carithers, J. P. Baird, Richard McAllister,R. J. Bole, J. A. Potts, W. R. Marvin, J. R. McMullan, Dr. W. A.Russell, W. A. Carson.Committee on Possibility of Aliens becoming citizens:Robert Clarke, R. C. Reed, D. C. Ward.Committee on Merging of Christian Nation and Olive Trees:T. M. Slater, F. M. Wilson, J. H. Pritchard, S. R. Boggs, EvanW. Jones.Moderator's Alternate to preach the sermon: D. C.Mathews.Respectfully submitted,The report of Unfinished Business was taken from thetable.SAMUEL EDGAR,E. M. ELSEY,Item 27. Representatives on Board of Managers ofthe Lord's Day Alliance. S. R. Boggs m. s. was McMillan, not present, butit was reported - that he had attended S. A. STERRETT,to the duties of amember of the Board.JOHN K. M. TIBBY.Item 28. Arrangements for Synod. D. H. Elliott reportedattended to.Item 29. Moderator to arrange for Memorial Service.R. C. Reed reported attended to.Item 30. Publication 3000 Psalm Selections. J. S.Tibby reported attended to.Item 31. Bills payable for printing, $3.75 and $7.75.J. S. Tibby reported attended to.

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 139The per capita traveling fund was reduced to fiftycents for next year.A vote of thanks was extended to the officers of theCourt for their services during this meeting of Synod.Synod adjournd with prayer by the Moderator, singingPsalm 100:1, and the benediction pronounced by the Moderator,who declared the Synod adjourned to meet at WinonaLake, Indiana, at 2:00 p. m., June 6, 1928.Walter McCarroll, Moderator,D. C. Mathews, Clerk,T. C. McKnight, Asst. Clerk.

•140 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEMEMORIALSThe memorials of deceased ministers and others wereadopted and are as follows:REV. ANTHONY J. KHOURIAnthony J. Khouri was born February 14, 1884, and diedAugust 29, 1926. His grandfather was a priest of the Greekorthodox church and his father was a deacon. Anthony enteredthe boarding school at Latakia when he was about eleven yearsof age. He was converted and became a teacher in the missionschools. In 1907 he came to America to study for the ministry.He was at Geneva college three years, and graduated from theReformed Presbyterian Theological Seminary.He was licensed to preach the gospel in May, 1915, and ordainedand installed as pastor of the Syrian congregation ofPittsburgh Presbytery, November 21, 1919. To these people,his kinsmen according to the flesh,he gave himself in faithfuland loving ministry. He also ministered to Syrian communitieselsewhere, all of whom hold him in loving remembrance. Heleaves a wife and three children to mourn his loss.He preached the gospel earnestly and faithfully, he diligentlyinstructed the youth, sinners were converted, and he has lefta noble example of high Christian living. His life is a vindicationof the wisdom REV. and GEORGE effectiveness A. EDGAR, of foreign D. missionary D. work.J. S. STEWART.George Alexander Edgar was born in Belfast, Ireland, December5, 1865. He was the son of William and Sarah MooreEdgar. The family moved to New York when George was quiteyoung. He received his high school training in Cedarville,Ohio; took his Freshman year of college work in Indiana StateUniversity; entered Geneva college in 1887, and graduated withhonors in 1890. That fall he entered the Reformed PresbyterianThological Seminary and graduated in 1894.He was ordained and installed pastor of the Olathe congregationon June 26, 1894. He served in this pastorate faithfullyfor more than thirteen years. It was while pastor atOlathe that he married Mrs. Elizabeth Adams Wylie. He waspastor of the Wyman, Iowa, congregation from 1908 to 1912,and of the St. Louis congregation from 1912 to 1915.His last work was as superintndent of the Freedmen's Missionin Selma, Alabama, from 1915 until his health gave wayin 1921. Since that time until his death on February 10, 1927,he was being "perfected through suffering." He was borne upunder his affliction by a brave spirit and by the "everlastingarms" of a gracious Saviour.Dr. Edgar had a keen mind and was an earnest studentHe knew his Bible and the faith and law of his church Hecould say with the Psalmist, "I have hid thy word in my heart"

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 141He had a working conscience and followed it. He had strongconvictions, was exacting with himself, worked hard and wouldnot slight his task.Honors came to him because he was worthy of them. Hereceived the honors of his class because of his outstandingscholarship. He was given the honorary degree of Doctor ofDivinity by his Alma Mater about the year 1913. He servedas Assistant Clerk of Synod for three years, and three yearsas Clerk, and was then chosen Moderator in 1918. In everycase it was the reward of meritorious work. He earnestly servedhis church.And now the Lord has called him away from his service onearth to wear "the crown of righteousness which the Lord, therighteous Judge," has given him. He worked hard. He sufferedin patience. He has entered into his rest.DR. JAMES M. BALPH. J. G. REED.What one has entitled "The Most Beautiful Book in theWorld" was written by "The Beloved Physician," Luke. Forsome forty years Dr. James M. Balph was writing such a gospelon the fleshytables of the heart of the peoples of NorthernSyria. From his office and his saddle, from his pharmacy andfrom his purse, by prescription and dispensary, by his skillfulsurgery and gentle nursing, by furnishing again and again arefuge for the oppressed, food for the hungry and clothing forthe naked, he wrote the story of Christ in the hearts of men,women and children of all classes, sects and tongues.In this blessed ministry he was untiring until the very lastwhen the wornout body would respond no longer to the unquenchedzeal that burned within it. Always rather frail ofbody and afflicted with asthma which frequently preventedsleep and even rest, he would ride nevertheless, long wearisomejourneys on errands of mercy, pressing on with lips almostcracking from thirst on unfamiliar roads where springs werescarce, from before the dawn until long after dark.Dr. Balph was to an unusual degree a Christian gentleman.He was the soul of politeness to an extent not common with ushustling Americans. He was at ease in the most polite societyof the polite East, and even in the exacting etiquette of theEastern government circles. Yet even his punctilious observanceof the conventionalities did not prevnt him being strictlyhonest with all, even those in the highest places. Just after thefrightful massacres of 1909 when our compound was full ofArmenian refugees and some of the Moslem rabble had openlythreatened to come and complete the dastardly work by slaughteringus and our refugees together, Dr. Balph was calling on theTurkish governor at the time the commander of a visiting Britishwarship was received. During the conversation the Englishcommander asked the governor about his ability to maintainernor order asserted and protect that the foreign had a certain inhabitants. number In of replying troops available, the gov­

142 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEgiving an evidently exaggerated number. Dr. Balph with akind of snort of amazement and disgust, and astounding abruptness,challenged the statement, declaring that to the best of hisknowledge the number was much below that given. It madea sensation in that diplomatic group, but' that was the real Dr.Balph, polite, but not too polite to be honest,—just as readyto rebuke flagrant wrong in a governor as in a gate-keeper.When it became known that he had yielded at last to forceof circumstances and was leaving for the home land, it was nota great surprise to us who knew something of his life here thateach sect vied with every other to assure him in his goingfrom them that he was leaving his life impressed upon theirhearts. He will be long remembered with gratitude and respectin all circles of society in all the extensive region where his lifewas poured out for humanity.JAMES RENWICK A. DILL J. McFARLAND.James Renwick Dill, ruling elder in the Second Church ofthe Covenanters, Philadelphia, was born near Kittanning, Pa.,September 25, 1848. He was the son of Richard and Esther(White) Dill, one of their eleven children. The family movedWest in 1868, changing their membership from Rehoboth, Pennsylvania,to Rehoboth, Iowa.Brought up in a godly home, he was early impressed withthe presence of God and the claims of Jesus Christ. His educationwas limited; but self-improvement was tc him a passion.He attended the Dayton Academy, Armstrong county, Pa., andwas thereby qualified for public teaching. To this calling hedevoted fourteen years in Iowa and Kansas, attaining to theposition of principal in Winchester and Eskridge.Mr. Dill married Miss Mary Adeline Dunn, of Wyman, Iowa,February 25, 1875, by whom he had one daughter, Martha, nowthe wife of Rev. Mills Taylor. He was bereaved of his wife in1883. On June 22,1892, he married Miss Martha Verner Wilson,of Olivet, Pa., by whom he had four daughters, all of whom survivehim.Mr. Dill served as an elder in Burdette, Kansas, which atthat time was a mission congregation. In 1895 he located inPhiladelphia, and united with the Second church, and was installedan elder April 11, 1901. In this capacity he served thechurch till released by his Lord for a promotion. His death occurredJanuary 17, 1927.The Lord endowed Mr. Dill liberally with the gifts of a publicspeaker, and he used his gifts to good effect through longyears on the platform.In early life he threw himself into the struggle for statewideprohibition in Kansas. In later years he entered the fieldof National Reform. After some years in this work, he gave hisservices to the defense of the Lord's Day, under the AmericanSabbath Association.The time came when his physical frame was not able to

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 143meet the exactions of public labor. Yet he could not retire.Nor had he long to wait, till the Second church employed him astheir city missionary. His service here covered twenty years.His work is finished. Tired and weakened he lay down totake a rest. He closed his eyes and was soon asleep in Jesus.J. C. McFEETERS.ANDREW CRANMER COULTERAndrew Cranmer Coulter was born near Sparta, Illinois,October 10, 1845, and died in Wilkinsburg, Pennsylvania, April30, 1927. His father came ti Illinois from South Carolina.His family moved to Pennsylvania, near Tarentum, when he wasa child, and then to Wilkinsburg. He united with the Wilkinsburgcongregation October 10, 1863. March 27, 1871, he waselected a ruling elder, and January 21, 1878, Clerk of Session.He served in the eldership fifty six years, and as Clerk overforty-nine years.He was a member of Synod's Board of Trustees twenty-fouryears, 1883 to 1907, and of Central Board of Missons fortyeightyears, from 1879. He was Secretary of the Central Boardforty-three years, from March 24, 1884.He rendered notable service to the church as Bible teacherand as Clerk. He was a constant and thorough student of theBible. As a Clerk, he was careful, accurate and exceedinglyfaithful.Few men are spared in the eldership beyond the half-centurymark. This life is memorable for its length and loyalty.The end came suddenly, after one day's illness. He is gone,like the grass that withered and the flower that fadeth, butthe Word of his God, which he loved and taught so ably, shallforever.j. b. WILLSON.

144 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEAPPENDIXMEMORIAL FROM PITTSBURGH PRESBYTERYPittsburgh Presbytery hereby respectfully memorializes Synod—1. To increase all minimum salaries of pastors by $300 perannum. We recommend this because of the general high costof living, the necessary cost of securing and maintaining anautomobile, the high cost of education of children, high rent andthe necessity of securing books and periodicals.2. That all congregations now paying the minimum be urgedto increase their pastor's salary by $300 per annum.3. That any congregation unable to increase the minimumto the full amount may apply to the Home Mission Board.4. That the Synod authorize a campaign and name a committeeto raise $30,000.00 to be placed with the Home MissionBoard to be used for this purpose.5. That Synod appoint a committee to prepare a standardof efficiency for ministers, outlining the duties that will be requiredof those participating in this advance.THE CHRISTIAN ATTITUDE TOWARD WARThe Minutes of the Synod of 1926, page 93, contain thestatement that the report of the committee on the Christian attitudetoward war was referred to a special committee to reviewand report at this present meeting.After carefully studying that report and various other documentsdealing with this matter it is the judgment of your committeethat in order to the preparation of a report covering allthe essential points with any degree of thoroughness war mustbe considered from three different points of view; first, as acommon method of settling internal and international disputes;second, as an instrument for accomplishing the Divine purposeconcerning the nations and governments of the world; third, asan evil to be suppressed. This report is prepared on the planhere outlined.First, War as a method of settling internal and internationaldisputes. These descriptive terms are intended to include allwars waged in modern times. In bygone ages many wars werewaged in which the aggressors, without provocation, and for thepurposes of plunder or the extension of imperial power, haveattacked other nations without warning. The only alternativespossible in such cases for the nations thus attacked were eitherto submit or to fight. The Christian attitude toward war doesnot require us to condemn a wronged people for standing up indefense of their invaded rights.We are specially concerned however with warfare waged byso-called civilized nations between which misunderstandingsjealousies, and rivalries have risen, and civil wars such as thewar of the Rebellion in this country between the North and theSouth. The result always shows that, for the defeated party

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 145and in many instances for the victorious party as well, suchwars are fraught with disaster. They are not inevitable. Theyare destructive of civilization. Wiser methods for settlingsuch disputes are always available.Three-quarters of a century ago it was confidently assertedby students of political economy that there would not, becausethere could not be, any more great wars, since the material interestsof the entire civilized world were so thoroughly intertwinedand interlocked that the common sense of the human racewould not permit such destructive conflicts. But recent eventshave proved that war will never be outlawed on the materialisticbasis alone. The extent to which military training isgiven in schools, colleges, and universities, indicates that thewar spirit is more prevalent today than it was during the yearsimmediately preceding the Great World War. Without hesitationor reserve we feel justified in declaring that war is notonly the climax of national sin, but also the climax of nationalfolly. But so long as it is glorified as a chief method of achievingnational renown, and of giving expression to patriotic feelings,and as indispensable in the maintenance of national honorand rights, it will not be outlawed. How to achieve that endwill be considered under another section of this report.Second, War as an instrument for accomplishing the Divinepurpose concerning the nations and governments of the world.That purpose is two-fold, judgment and mercy.We have profound regard for the efforts of those who arestriving to abolish war by international agreements, and we belivethat this is the method that will eventually achieve success.We also believe that the United States should have become amember of the League of Nations. But complete success is notattainable unless such agreements or covenants are based onthe Christian principles of civil government and until the nationsharmonize their governments with the laws of Christ, thereigning King.In all periods of human history, sin reaches its climax innational rebellion against God and in all ages war has been aprincipal agency in God's hands for executing the divinesentence against criminal nations. God has at his disposal allthe forces of the universe for the accomplishment of His purpose.He may employ flood, fire, earthquake as well as famine,pestilence and war, but His judgments will always be adequateand just. War will never be ended by exhibiting its horrors,its devastation of all the fruits of civilization, its destruction ofmillions of lives and the waste of billions of money. These arethe very ends for which God uses war. This is the execution ofHis sentence against the nations for their sins. It is vain,therefore, for men to hope for world peace while the presentworld attitude toward God continues. It would be profitablefor national leaders to give some time to the study of the probleingit miah was the of has God's destruction by a and wonderful a sword foreign war of that as Philistia. message foe, it was is they presented smiting for When cried us them in that out, his the when people "0 prophecy Scriptures. thou their realized sword land concern­Jere­that was invaded of

146 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEJehovah, how long will it be ere thou be quiet? Put up thyselfinto thy scabbard: rest and be still." But the answer is,"How canst thou be quiet, seeing Jehovah hath given thee acharge." (Jer. 47;6, 7.) Other scriptures speak of warring nationsas the "rod of God's anger," His "Battle-Axe and weaponsof war." It may be confidently asserted that so long as nationsrefuse submission to the law and government of God there willbe occasion for national judgments and war is one of the mosteffective. But it must not be forgotten that every case of nationaljudgment for national sin is also a case of divine mercytoward a people who have been wronged. The American civil warwas a judgment upon the whole nation for the two sins of slaveryand national Godlessness, and a sentence of mercy in the releaseof four millions of slaves.It is to be remembered that Jesus Himself, the Prince ofPeace, gave no promise of the speedy abolition of war. On thecontrary He assured us that it would continue for a period ofindefinite length. And it does not appear that the spirit ofChrist has even yet taken such complete possession of the humanrace as to give hope of world-wide peace in the near future.And the Book of Revelation indicates that war will continueuntil the last struggle is fought between good and evil, betweenthe Kingdom of Satan and the Kingdom of Jesus Christ. Inthe all-wise purpose of God sin is employed as the penaltyfor sin. The very fact that war is such a stupendous evil is thereason why it sometimes seems to be the only adequate penaltyfor the gigantic wrongs of which nations are guilty. Whenthere is no more need for such judgments war will cease.Third, War must now be considered as an evil to be suppressed.It is not a necessary evil. Both Old and New TestamentScriptures assure us that under the reign of the Princeof Peace war will cease. But attention should be given to theconditions of peace appointed by God himself. "It shall cometo pass in the last days, that the mountain of the Lord's houseshall be established in the top of the mountains, and shall beexalted above the hills; and all nations shall flow unto it. Andmany people shall go and say, 'Come ye, and let us go up to themountain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob; and Hewill teach us of His ways, and we will walk in His paths; forout of Zion shall go forth the law, and the word of the Lordfrom Jerusalem. And He shall judge among the nations, andshall rebuke many people; and they shall beat their swords intoploughshares, and their spears into pruninghooks; nation shallnot lift up sword against nation, neither shall they learn warany more. O house of Jacob, come ye, and let us walk in thelight of the Lord'." (Isaiah, 2:2-5.) With this and other similarScriptures before us it is not difficult to determine the conditionsof world peace. They are very definitely prescribed andmay be briefly summarized. 1. There must be the generalworld-wide prevalence of the religion of Jesus Christ. 2. Nationserroneous bodying nation as must political the doctrine revise principles bodies its of political of unlimited must Christian be principles joined political civil together government. and sovereignty. discard in a league its 3. present 4 Each em­All

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 147nations with one consent must proceed to the transformation ordestruction of weapons of war.In the meantime, what is the Christian attitude toward warwhen war actually arises? A distinction must be sharplydrawn between wars of aggression and wars of defense; warsrashly precipitated without proper and earnest preliminary effortsfor peace by arbitration and wars waged for the maintenanceof invaded national rights; wars for the maintenance of anational evil, such as slavery, and wars for the overthrow of nationalwrongs. Whether any war is justifiable on one side orthe other must be determined when it arises. While the Synodof the Reformed Presbyterian church has sanctioned most of thewars in which the United States has engaged, it refused to sanctionthe war with Mexico because it was a war in the interestof slavery. The Christian attitude toward war is not an attitudeof condemnation of all wars no matter what the provocationmay be. We are not justified as individuals or as a churchin declaring that we will not give support in any way to anywar. Such a resolution can not be put into practice. Howeverunwilling we may be to render it, a measure of support is securedfrom every citizen by the government. Neither can weresolve that, "We unreservedly condemn and will refuse to supportin any way a war which is undertaken without the questionat issue having been submitted to a judicial tribunal, orwhich is undertaken in defiance of the decision of such atribunal." We may resolve that no war should ever be wagedwithout the question at issue being first submitted to a judicialtribunal, but if war arises we will find it impossible to avoidgiving some, though perhaps very unwilling support.We offer the following recommendations:1. It is one very important function of the church as God'sprophet to the nations to teach them their obligation, as an indispensablecondition of peace, to submit to Jesus Christ thereigning King, and to regulate all their national and internationalrelations by His moral law.2. It is the duty of the nations of the world to enter intoan agreement, embodying the Christian principles of civil government,to outlaw war as an institution or means for the settlementof international controversies by making it a publiccrime under the law of nations, to settle all international difficultiesby peaceable methods; to abolish military training in alleducational institutions under government control; and to convertall implements of war into instruments of industry.3. It is the province of the church, whenever war arises,to pronounce a moral judgment upon the contending parties,, todeclare whether or not it is justifiable on the part of either, tocondemn the party or parties that may be in the wrong, and towarn church members against upholding an immoral conflict.Respectfully submitted,R. C. WYLIE, Chairman.

148 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEA HANDBOOK FOR THE YOUNGPEOPLEThe Lord's Supper and How to Observe It.1. We call Baptism and the Lord's Supper sacraments.Now a sacrament, when we stop to think of it, is a very plainand simple thing. The dictionaries tell us that a sacrament is"an oath of obedience and fidelity taken by Roman soldiers onenlistment." That is what the word meant in the Roman Empire.But the word, when it was taken over into the Christianchurch, had to change its meaning somewhat, in order to suititself to its new surroundings. One thing it kept, however;for a sacrament is always an oath or a vow—that is, a solemnagreement or covenant made with God. And yet an oath in itselfis not a sacrament. A man, for axample, is not observinga sacrament when he takes an oath on the witness stand eitherin a civil court or in a church court. An oath becomes a sacramentaloath, or a sacrament, only when it is taken before acongregation of Christians who have assembled for worship. AsDavid says, "I will pay my vows unto the Lord now in thepresence of all His people." Concerning a sacrament, therefore,the first thing to be kept in mind is, that it is a solemn oath orvow; the second is, that this oath or vow is to be taken beforean assembly of Christians; the third is, that the assembly ofChristians must at the time be engaging in the act of publicworship. This is why it is an abuse of the sacrament of Baptismfor a minister to go to a home and baptize anyone privately.It is also the reason why it is an abuse of the sacramentof the Lord's Supper for a pastor with an elder or two to takethe bread and the wine and administer this holy ordinance inthe sick room. Such practices have their root in superstition.They put the emphasis on the sacrament rather than on thething which the sacrament signifies.2. Both Baptism and the Lord's Supper are to be regarded,to begin with, as outward ordinances. Salvation is not bound upin either of them. Many a one who has been baptized has liveda wicked life and died the death of the wicked. On the otherhand many an infant of believing parents has been taken hometo dwell with Christ without ever having been baptized. Thesame is true of the Lord's Supper. Many a person who is secretlyliving the life of a hypocrite sits at the Lord's table yearafter year only to die in his sins; while on the other hand againthere have been true Christians who have never partaken ofthe Lord's Supper. That is to say the salvation of the soul isa far deeper thing than merely observing or not observing thesacraments. A person that observes them may be lost, and aperson who is not able to observe them may be saved. Consideredin and of themselves, they are outward forms.3. But perhaps by this time you are ready to ask—Whythen should we be so particular about observing the sacramentsatJesus many you.'all?words, has AWell,true commanded "YeforChristianoneare mything,us wants friends totheobserve toBibleif do ye them,informswhat do whatsoever and Christushasthatasks said, Ithecommand him inLordso to

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 149do, whether concerning the sacraments or anything else. Nothingbut an impossibility can keep such a person from observingthe sacraments—not because he feels that he cannot be savedwithout them, but because, being saved, he desires to honor andobey the Lord Jesus and receive the spiritual nourishment andsupport which the sacraments are so well suited to bring into hislife. To the Christian therefore the sacraments are of deep andprofound importance because Christ has provided them as ameans of grace.4. • If we turn to the fourteenth chapter of Mark and readthe account of the first observance of the Lord's Supper, we willmeet with two little statements which have given thousands ofpersons no end of anxiety. Taking the bread in one hand, andexhibiting it before His disciples, Jesus said, "This is my body";taking the cup in the other hand, and exhibiting it, He said,"This is my blood." There are those who teach that when Jesussaid that, the bread was then and there changed into humanflesh and the wine into human blood. But even a child oughtto know better than that. The disciples saw the body of Jesusin front of them, and they knew that the bread was not thatbody, and they knew that all His blood was in His body and thatnone of it was in that cup. In fact, they knew it so well thatit never occurred to them to ask a single question about it. Ifthat bread and wine had been changed into flesh and blood beforethe eyes of the disciples at that instant, it would have beenone of the most wonderful mysteries the world had ever witnessed.Does anyone suppose for a moment that a miracle, suchas that would have been, could have gotten past those discipleswithout arousing a single one of them to ask a second a question? mark here Thefact a third of the mark matter here, is and that the whole affair wasandsimplicitysay, "Thisitself.issay, We "This have is Chicago:" a railroad system in this country Cleveland which is calledthe Big Four. Suppose now that a teacher, seated at a table,with her pupils gathered around her chair, should undertake tomake it plain to them how the system got its name.She would make a markhere, and say, "This isSt. Louis:"and a fourth here, andsay, "This is Cincinnati."Then she would draw a line from St. Louis, the first point,to Cleveland, the second; and from Cleveland to the third point,Chicago; and finally from Chicago to Cincinnati. What childwould not be able to see the 4 ? But with such an illustration be-

150 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEfore it, is there a normal child, ten years of age, in the UnitedStates of America that would think that the first spot was actuallythe city of St. Louis, and that the second was the city ofCleveland, and so on ? That the one thing was meant to representthe other would be self-evident. So when Christ held apiece of bread in one hand and a cup of wine in the other, andsaid, looking at the one, "This is my body," and looking at theother, "this is my blood," the illustration was so infinitelysimple that it needed no explanation.5. The fullest account of the Lord's Supper is given in theeleventh chapter of First Corinthians. And Paul tells us distinctlythat he had "received" it "of the Lord." Notice howplain everything is. Jesus does not say, "As often as ye eat thisbody and drink this blood," but "As often as ye eat this bread,and drink this cup." or this wine. He does not say, "Whosoevershall eat this flesh, and drink this blood, unworthily, shallbe guilty of the body and blood of the Lord," but "whosoevershall eat this bread, and drink this cup of the Lord, unworthily,shall be guilty of the body and blood of the Lord." The meaningis just about as clear as words can make it. The bread representsthe body, and the wine represents the blood, but thebread is bread and nothing but bread, and the wine is wine andnothing but wine. The fact that a black spot on a sheet of paperrepresents St. Louis does not change the black spot and makea city out of it, does it? All we need to do therefore, when wecome to think and talk about the Lord's Supper, is simply touse plain ordinary common sense. There is nothing at allabout it that is hidden or mysterious. "He took the bread" and"He took the cup," He ate of the bread, and drank of the cupand what He did the disciples did; and they never raised a question.6. But some one will say, What about the elements afterthey have been "consecrated"? To this the answer is, thatthey are precisely the same as far as the material is concerned,as they were before. To "consecrate" means merely to setapart from one purpose to another—in this case, to set apartfrom a common use to a spiritual and holy use. We eat anddrink daily for the sake of physical nourishment. But thisbread and this cup are not to be used for such a purpose; theyare to be used with a view to spiritual nourishment. They areto make us think about Christ, and about what Christ did for uson the cross. And when we eat and drink, we put ourselvesunder oath to live for Christ and for no other. Thus they are"sacramental and symbolical," as we say. Sacramental, for theyput us under oath before God, in the presence of our fellowChristians, while we are all in the solemn act of public worship;symbolical, because they represent something different fromwhat they themselves are, and bring before the mind's eye theway of salvation through a crucified Redeemer. Yet, for allthat, has Lord's suffered 7. the Supper. The bread way any is The organic is still now elements bread open change. and to are look the bread into wine and the is wine. significance still wine; The bread neither of is

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 151broken; the wine is poured out. The broken bread points theeye to, and is meant to make us think about, the body of Christcrucified on the cross; the wine poured out points the eye to, andis meant to make us think about, the blood of Christ as it flowedfrom his crucified body "for the remission of sins." Thusthis simple ceremony enfolds within itself a most vivid pictureof the only way by which the soul can be saved. Every thoughtin connection with it is a thought of love, every word is important,every act is significant. Every communicant ought toknow by heart the eleventh chapter of First Corinthians fromthe twenty-third verse to the close of it. It compresses thewhole work of redemption into one brief paragraph. Within itscompass the love of God comes to a focus in a way which enablesus, as we might almost say, to see its form, hear its voice, andhandle its substance. How clear and suggestive every statementis!(1,) The Lord Jesus "took bread." This is the first of thesix significant acts that occur at the Lord's table at every communion.When Jesus "took bread," it was a way of saying that"in the fulness of time" He had taken to Himself a human body,for He said, a moment later, "This is my body." He took a body;he became incarnate; he was born in Bethlehem. It is on thisfact that what is called the Doctrine of the Incarnation is based—the doctrine that "the Word was made flesh, and dwelt amongus," as the Beloved Disciple states it. He "took bread"; He becameone of us by taking our nature.(2.) Then He "blessed it," we are told—a second significantact. "Blessed" is the word used by Matthew and Mark;Luke and Paul say "And when He had given thanks." The twowords, however, mean practically the same thing. One expressesthe thought from the angle of gratitude, the other from theangle of consecration. Think of the Lord Jesus thanking theFather that He had come in the flesh, and that He was now onthe point of being crucified! All we can say is, "Behold, whatmanner of love!" He was grateful that He had undertaken thework of redemption, that He had been "set apart" for it, and"consecrated" to it, at His baptism, on the banks of the Jordan;for this was the moment when the Lord Jesus, formally and officially,became our Substitute, and engaged finally, by a definiteact, to take our place and die in our stead. When He "blessed"the bread, therefore He set it apart from a common to a symbolicaland sacramental use, significant of the fact that He had dedicatedHis life to the salvation of men when He presented Himselfto be baptized by John.(3.) Next, "He brake it." This act was significant of thecrucifixion. Christ since He was "made sin" for us, had to dieon the cross to satisfy the demands of justice. God could not,in justice, justify the ungodly, until His own Son, by paying thethat; penalty, disciples, to Lord ing atone of had but—"This the would for "laid bread our on clear is is guilt, Him" my significant the body to the way. make iniquity which of expiation So the is is of broken," Christ sufferings us all." for did for and our Thus not you." that then sins, say the had stop He for to break­to died with His the be

152 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEendured by the sinless Son of God in order that we might besaved.(4.) The fourth significant act is the "giving" of the elementsto the communicants. To every true disciple of HisJesus offers His crucified body. He "gave"—not the bread merelynor the wine merely—but the broken bread, and the wine thathad been poured out. Jesus offers Himself to men not primarilyas a Great Teacher, or as a Great Example, or as a Great Reformer,but as a Saviour, as the Person who has satisfied thejustice of God as our Substitute. The meaning is—Take me asthe One who has been crucified for you(5). The two remaining acts are acts on the part of thecommunicants. The disciples reached out their hands to receivethe bread and the wine. When the Lord Jesus said,"Take," they obeyed. This too is a significant act, for itpictures to the mind how faith works. It extends its arm tolay hold of what the Father offers us in the person of Hiscrucified Son. When the hand goes out, the soul ought to say,"I will take the cup of salvation, and call upon the name of theLord." It ought to say, "Thee, O Christ, I now accept, on thineown terms, as my personal Saviour and my only hope of obtaininglife eternal."(6.) The last significant act is the eating and drinking,in obedience to the command, "Take, eat; take, drink." Physicallywe eat and drink in order that the body may have somethingto assimilate, something to live on, something to do itswork with. Also, eating and drinking imply that we are hungryand thirsty. Hunger and thirst, therefore, are good things.They show that our systeYn is in good condition, that it is readyand eager to take in what it needs, in order to keep it healthy andhardy and fit for service. The same or similar things are truewhen we step over into the realm of the spiritual! It is possiblefor the soul to hunger and thirst after God. And when itlongs for what is good and pure and holy it is in a wholesomestate. Accordingly Christ says, "Blessed are they which dohunger and thirst after righteousness; for they shall be filled."Of course, eating and drinking, even at the Lord's table, are physicalacts, but they cannot take place until they are first preceededby a spiritual act, an act of the soul. The soul is hungry.It prompts us to eat of that bread and drink of that cup inan outward and ordinary manner, relying on the promise ofChrist, that if we do so in faith, He will convey to the soul, ina spiritual manner, the very things it needs to appease its hungerand make it grow in grace. Somehow—no man can everfathom how—but somehow the Holy Spirit provides the believer,as he sits at that table, with a new supply of Christ's love ofrighteousness and hatred of iniquity, with a deeper desire to belike our Lord and Saviour in all things, with a firmer resolve to"live soberly, righteously, and godly, in this present world"—inshort with a longing to be "filled with all the fulness of God."of an "This this outward 8. do holy The in ordinance. remembrance next look, thing a forward to It be of has considered me." look. a backward It It is has is a the look, loving a purpose backward an memorial, inward design look—in-

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 153tended to keep the birth, life, work and death of Christ fresh inour memories. And this it has been successful in doing for morethan nineteen hundred years, so that by this fact alone it couldbe proved that Jesus of Nazareth lived and died at the timeand in the way affirmed in the records. The first design of theLord's Supper, therefore is to lead us to look backwards.. It has an inward look. Every time the Lord's Supper isobserved the communicants are asked to listen to these words—"My body . . given for you; my body . . . broken for you; myblood . . . shed for many for the remission of sins." "Brokenfor me," you say; and as you think of it your heart exclaims,"What an infinitely hateful thing sin must be, when my soulcan be saved by nothing short of the crucifixion of the LordJesus, who was 'holy, harmless, undefiled, and separate fromsinners ?'" You begin to realize that sin can be gotten rid of inno other way than by expiation—that is, than by satisfying theinfinite justice of God; and that since Jesus Christ was God,and therefore infinite, He alone could do it. Seeing you haveclosed with Him, therefore, your soul, on looking inward, canbe at peace.It has an outward look. It is intended to proclaim to thewhole wide world that there is a fountain opened for sin anduncleanness. In one aspect of it the Lord's Supper is a publicexhibition of divine love. To celebrate it privately would be tosuppress, and as far as possible to counteract, one of its essentialpurposes. "For as often as ye eat this bread, and drinkthis cup, ye do show the Lord's death"—exhibit it publicly, placeit in evidence as a silent, yet eloquent, witness to the infinitecompassion of the living God, who loved the world in such a waythat He "gave His only begotten Son, that whosoever believethin Him should not perish, but have everlasting life."It has a forward look—"till He come." Jesus Christ is tocome once more to judge the world. The Lord's Supper is to beobserved until that time. After that time there will be no needfor it, for then all the redeemed shall be gathered home andshall be continually in His presence, where they shall serve Himand see His face. There His countenance itself, as of a "Lambslain," will remind them of all He was and did in the flesh.Looking into that Face, so marred, more than any man's, whatcall or occasion could there be for anything so "weak and beggarly"as a symbol ? Then, too, all the sins of all the redeemedshall have been forgiven, once for all, and all their lives shallhave been perfected in holiness, so that from that time on anythinglike a promise or assurance of expiation will have becomea thing of the past for evermore. "Till He come" looks forwardto the time referred to by our Lord Himself, when at the institutionof the Supper He prayed, "Father, I will that they also,whom thou hast given me, be with me where I am; that theyways it anyone may significant ought 9. behold deeply want So to acts much, be my concerned to observed. be and glory." then, a its Christian as purpose. for well To the begin ? with Lord's Is But it regard at not Supper, the because Christian to bottom, the its way he elements, why heart is in anxious should which is al­its

154 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEto be equipped, in every way possible, to throw off his old sins.and leave them behind him? Is it not because he has a longingin his heart to live better, to be more like Christ, to be strengthenedfor more effective service, to be more fully rounded out incharacter day by day, and finally to be perfected in the beautyof holiness? Is it not that he may be inwardly empowered toproclaim the glad tidings of the kingdom to the ends of theearth? Very well, then, if this is the case, "let a man examinehimself," says Christ. Let him take account of his present condition.Let him look into his heart and lay his finger on hisweak points. Every person can discover where his own frailtiesare, if only he is willing to set himself to the task seriously.This is why those catalogues of sins are read just before thecommunicants come forward to the table. It is not that thecommunicants are thought to be guilty of that hideous list oftransgressions, but that list describes the condition of the humanheart without Christ. It describes the state of mind and heartthe communicant wants to get away from. But even the bestChristian in the world, as long as he lives, has tendencies whichif they were let alone, would lead him back to these sins. EvenPaul had to say, when he took an honest survey of his ownheart, "I see another law in my members, warring against thelaw of my mind, and bringing me into captivity to the law ofsin which is in my members." When Paul "examined" himselfhe saw that there were still certain lingering inclinations withinhim toward the old sins of the flesh—so much so, that he criedout in agony of soul, "O wretched man that I am!" The thoughttherefore, is this—let every person who proposes to sit at theLord's table get that black list of sins, with all their hideousness,before his mind, and then let him "examine himself" tosee whether he has any tendencies in any of those directions,and if he has, what they are. And it is safe to say that nohonest communicant will have to search very long without findingthem—oh, how many of them!This brings us to the second part of the sentence, and particularlyto that little word "so." "So" means in such a way.Let a man examine himself and find out where his weaknessesare, and what they are, and then let him eat and drink in sucha way as to fortify himslf against those weaknesses for all timeto come. Let him eat and drink so as to grow in grace, so as tobecome a better Christian, so as to fit him better for doingChrist's work in Christ's kingdom. In short, let a man examinehis life m such a way as to have the examination terminate innobility of character.10. But perhaps you have it on your lips to say, "I am unworthy.' Precisely so; otherwise, why should you come eitherto Christ or to His table ? If you were worthy, you could standon your own worthiness, for we may be sure that God will alwaysregard worthiness with infinite approval. But when aman examines himself," using the law of holiness asplorably his thing he examines standard which unworthy himself he of he is measurement, is. to satisfied find If he out, comes he if worthiness to possible, never the conclusion had. just is the In how that fact one de­he

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 155is so unworthy that he has nothing of his own to offer, he then,on this very account, has a right to feel that he can eat and drink"worthily," that is, in a worthy manner. The feeling of unworthinessdrives us to Him who is worthy, namely, to ChristJesus. When we examine ourselves so as to make ourselves dependsolely on the merits of Christ for acceptance, we may besure that God will in no wise cast us off. Or, to put it from theother side, if we eat and drink, thinking we are worthy, we condemnourselves, for then we are claiming to be what we are not.We are not "discerning the Lord's body," which is but to saythat we are not keeping before us clearly the fact that Christgave his body to be nailed on the cross precisely for the purposeof taking away our unworthiness. Conscious unworthiness,therefore, coupled with "a broken and a contrite heart" onaccount of sin, is not something that should keep us away fromthe Lord's table, but something rather that should give us encouragementto come, for without it we could only eat and drink"unworthily."11. Everything revealed in the New Testament concerningthe Lord's Supper teaches us that we are treading on holyground. It is a thing apart, "a garden enclosed." There isnothing promiscuous about it, nothing left at odd ends. It isnot anybody's table, or everybody's table, it is "the Lord's table."Then, in keeping with this fact, it is served in the Lord's house;that is to say, by the institution known as the church. Furthermore,since it is the Lord's table spread in the Lord's house, itis placed in charge of the Lord's officers—officers ordainedto the oversight of the church, and whose duties reach theirhighest and holiest climax in guarding the Lord's table. Andfinally, the Lord's officers, in guarding the Lord's table, are toapply the Lord's law. And "this," we are told, "is the law of thehouse—Upon the top of the mountain the whole limit thereofround about shall be most holy. Behold, this is THE LAW OFTHE HOUSE." Accordingly, when David asks, "Who shall ascendinto the hill of the Lord? or who shall stand in His holyplace?" he goes on immediately to answer, "He that hath cleanhands, and a pure heart; who hath not lifted up his soul untovanity, nor sworn deceitfully." It is but another way of saying—Hewhose outward conduct and inward thoughts conformto the law of the house.The top of the mount of communion, then, is to be "mostholy." And the standard of holiness, let it never be overlooked,is to be applied with equal honesty and fidelity, (1) outwardly,in every-day life and conduct, and (2) inwardly, in its bearingon "the thoughts and intents of the heart." Since the officers inthe Lord's house cannot apply "the law of the house" inwardlyto other men's lives—for no man, of course, can read what isgoing on in another man's heart—our Lord says, "Let a manfection, municant.What things, examine and desires, the such and himself." officers No things as and the officers purposes, can communicant's This do, that in however, inward the character, and church sincerity, process profession is to has can take to do and account be weighing of that loyalty, left faith, for to of and the anybody. motives, outward and man- com­af­

156 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEner of life, and daily conduct. If, for example, an intendingcommunicant were known to the officers to be a person who believedthat Jesus Christ was a good man, but not that JesusChrist is God, they would be under obligation, as faithful servantsin the Lord's house, to forbid such a person so long asthat continued to be his profession of faith, to take a seat at theLord's table. And this is one of the kind of things which it istheir business to know. Then again, and equally, with respectto the outward conduct and manner of life of intendingcommunicants, the officers must apply "the law of the house,"which is summarily comprehended in the ten commandments,Any one who is living in open violation of any one of the tencommandments deprives himself, by that very fact, of any rightto sit down at the Lord's table either in our church or in anyother church. But, of course, a denomination's officers have noauthority beyond their own denomination. They can only preventviolators of the moral law from coming to the Lord's tablewithin the denomination in which they hold their position as officers.But there everything is within the reach of their discipline.If a man violates the law of God, and they know of itbefore he comes forward to commune, they can preventhim from coming; if his open act of violationdoes not occur until after the communion occasion, theycan call him to account; or, if he is only a visitor from anothercongregation within the denomination, they can see that he iscalled to account. Thus they have it within their power to seethat the "law of the house" shall be complied with, that on "thetop of the mountain the whole limit thereof round about shallbe most holy." And we may be sure that they will be held responsible,for of all "the ministers of Christ, and stewards of themysteries of God" it is required that "a man be found faithful."12. Of all this there is a striking example in the FirstEpistle to the Corinthians, the fifth chapter. The whole passagecenters round a communion occasion, here referred to as "ourpassover." Meyers says, "The Supper, therefore, which broughtthem into fellowship with the body and blood of Christ, couldnot but present itself to the Christian consciousness as thepaschal meal," that is to say, as the real passover. The renderingof this verse in the Revised Version is very accurate, andgives this aspect of the matter the precise emphasis which it hasin the Greek text—"For our passover also hath been sacrificed,even Christ." In other words, as Christians "our passover" isthe Lord's Supper, which sets forth Christ sacrificed, Christcrucified. The Lord's Supper, therefore, is in the Apostle'sthought as he is writing.Now in this church, at the time in question, there was aman who was guilty of misconduct. In his own opinion he wasanything but guilty. He regarded himself as innocent of anytransgression that should keep him away from the Lord's table—a circumstance, by the way, which is well worthy of note. Thefor He fact Christ leaves himself, was, does that it not as to the though leave was church. it it guilty, to were the It individual whether was a matter within he to of the thought decide private province such so judgment; or of things not. the

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 157church at Corinth to interpret the seventh commandment, meaningof course, to interpret it correctly. It was also within itsprovince to pass judgment on the man's conduct, and in thiscase, to say that the man was living in violation of the law ofGod. And it was the duty of the Session at Corinth to act on itsown findings, and not on the man's own estimate of his ownconduct. As for the man, however, Paul only deals with himincidentally; it is the church that gets the weight of his, and thusalso of the Holy Spirit's criticism. "Ye are puffed up," hesays. It was the Session that was at fault. It should have seenthat the man who "had done this deed" was "taken away fromamong" them. It was responsible for keeping "the top of themountain most holy." A man must "examine himself," but theSession must examine him too. And it is not to side-step andshirk its duty, either, as though it were a matter of indifference.The church at Corinth is reprimanded for its leniency—reprimandedby the Holy Spirit, because it had not guarded theLord's table as it ought to have. The Lord expects the officersin his house to see that all things are done according to the"law of the house."But Paul is not satisfied to touch the matter in a mere generalway; he tells the officers in the Corinthian church exactlywhat to do, and how to do it. In a word, he directs that Sessionto constitute, in the name and by the authority of the Lord JesusChrist, and put the man out. In fact, precisely here iswhere our Sessions, and Presbyteries, and Synods get theirformula for "constituting" themselves into courts, to do thework of the church; or, for that matter, where the whole Presbyterianbody gets its formula. An elder, as a private person,has no more authority than any other member of a congregation.It is only when the elders "come together," and unitedly engageto act in the name of the Lord Jesus, and with the powerof the Lord Jesus, that their decisions, or findings, or rulingsof whatever sort, are entitled to speak with authority. Whenyou have come together, therefore, and constituted yourselvesinto a court of Christ, says Paul, "purge out the old leaven, thatye may be a new lump, even as ye are unleavened. For ourpassover also hath been sacrificed, even Christ: wherefore letus keep the feast, not with old leaven, neither with the leaven ofmalice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerityand truth."13. We are living in an age when unfaithfulness is creepingin at every crevice like a flood. Even the Lord's table, on"the top of the mountain," is in danger at times of being sweptaway. One is giving up this, another is giving upthat, still another is giving up something else, untilin many instances it is diff'cult, without a widestretch of imagination, to regain the simple but sublime arrangementsEven Christ was the our was prescribed. way Ark blessed at and in of the which surroundings our table; Lord To Covenant. the touch instituted His Ark it disciples of of was Our the the sacrilege. Friend Covenant "large were memorial and at upper The was the Saviour of Lord's table to room" His be Jesus love. han­with Sup­which dled per in

158 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEHim; it was a plain, silent rite, altogether different from "feedingthe multitude"—the one thing of its kind for all time tocome, a perfect reflection of the wisdom of the "only wise God."The act of rising, and coming away from everything else onearth, and taking a seat, of your own free will, at that holytable, there to commune with Christ and with those who haveprofessed the same allegiance to Christ as you have, has nothingin all the world of human experience to compare with it ingrandeur and solemnity. "As for God, His way is perfect." Atthat table, spread in white, the soul feels itself to be in the immediatepresence of Christ, to whom in fervent prayer it criesbeseechingly—"Be thou to me, my Lord, my Guide,My Friend—yea, everything beside;But first, last, best, whate'er betide,Be thou to me my Saviour." CHAPTER IITHE TERMS OF COMMUNION.1. Terms of Communion are one and the same with termsof admission into the church; for it is equally correct to say thatthat which will admit a man to the communion table will admithim into the church, or to say that that which will admit a maninto the church will admit him to the communion table. Infact, in one way of looking at it, we let a man into the churchin order that he may come to the communion table and partakeof the Lord's Supper. What will let a man commune ought tolet him into the church.2. Terms of Communion, therefore, in order to be worthyof acceptance, must be able to commend themselves to the mindand heart as being in complete accord with the teachings of theBible.3. The passage of Scripture used by our ministry, almostwithout exception, from the days of John Knox to the presentas authority for terms of communion, has always been the firstverse of the eleventh chapter of Revelation: "And there wasgiven me a reed like unto a rod: and the angel stood, saying,Rise, and measure the temple of God, and the altar, and themthat worship therein."4. The first question of the inquiring mind in connectionwith this verse is—What bearing does it have on the matter ofcelebrating the Lord's Supper? It certainly says nothing directlyabout observing this holy sacrament. Why then is itchosen? The answer is, that it does not have any specificreference to a communion occasion, but that it does havereference to life in its entirety. It does not refer to the two orthree days in the year when we sit at the Lord's table, but to 365days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds of every year Itleaves nothing unprovided for, no instant of life that is not tobe under inspection. The Session is to keep the church underconstant guard. Communion occasions are simply convenient

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 159seasons for hearing the Session's report. It might, with perfectpropriety, report on other occasions as well, if there should beany particular reason for doing so. As communion occasionsare the times when the church, so to speak, ascends to thetop of the mountain, the whole limit of which round about ismost holy, they are the ideal moments for the Session to reportas to whether it has or has not been faithful in the dischargeof its duties. Other things being equal, therefore, thepassage suits the case.5. "Other things being equal"—but are they? It is theApostle John who is speaking. How can we transfer to theSession the authority committed to him individually ? We mustremember, however, that the apostles were elders as well asapostles. Speaking of himself, in his Second Epistle, John says,"The elder to the elect lady"; and in his Third Epistle he saysagain, "The elder unto the well beloved Gaius." And Peter inthe fifth chapter of his First Epistle, says, "The elders whichare among you I exhort, who also am an elder." And in theCouncil or Synod of Jerusalem, of which we have the record inthe fifteenth chapter of Acts, the apostles and elders stood onthe same footing. The determining speech made on that occasionwas made by James, and James was not an apostle; theapostle James had been beheaded. From this we infer that inchurch courts the vote of an elder counted for as much as thevote of an apostle. If, then, we think of John as an "elder,"as well as an "Apostle" as the New Testament explicityteaches, that which he was commissioned to do theelders were comissioned to do. Moreover, this agrees exactlywith the humble position which John is so careful to assume inthis Book. In the first verse of it he "tells us thatChrist appeared to "his servant John," and in theninth verse, speaking of himself, he says, "I John, whoalso am your brother." As an apostle among the apostles Johnwas commissioned to "lay the foundation" of the New Testamentchurch "as a wise masterbuilder"; as an elder among eldershe was clothed with authority for the government of thechurch. The passage, therefore, when carefully weighed, fitsthe situation to a nicety.6. More than that—the further we go the better it fits.The command is brief—"Rise, and measure"—but how muchit means! To measure the temple was no small undertaking.It would keep a whole group of men busy for many a day. Menare not chosen to the office of elder just that they may sitaround and rest themselves. Sometimes it looks as thoughthey seem to think that all they have to do is to handle theelements at the communion table. But the implication here isthat they are to be intensely active. They ought to know theWord of God, the system of faith it contains, the manner ofworship it prescribes, and the way in which the liveskeep standards. is, of the to themselves church's keep The on members informed elders the alert; with are measuring regard commanded to "measure," to up everything to the that "rise," Scripturalthat is, per- that to

160 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEtains to the welfare of the kingdom of Christ. And when thisis supplemented, as it should be, by Paul's direction to the Sessionof the church of Corinth, to exercise discipline whereverthe measuring shows a decided discrepancy in the matter ofmoral conduct, the circuit is complete. Even here "the reed"is "like unto a rod," and the "rod" is for discipline.7. Now take another look at the verse. It speaks of thestandard of measurement—"a reed," a measuring instrument,just as one would speak today of a yardstick. But the measuringinstrument for Christian belief, and worship, and character,is the Word of God. So that is the first thought. It speaksagain of measuring "the temple." What a fine edifice thetemple was! Every stone before it left the quarry, was cut tofit. And when the men on the building put the stones together,every stone filled its place perfectly. In other words, the templewas a structure, planned out in every particular from the verybeginning. And more than that, it was the Old Testament pictureof God's plan of salvation. That is the second thought.Then the verse speaks of "the altar." This, of course, is buta pictorial way of referring to Christ, the ever-present Masterof the house, and the Great Intercessor; for every time the incensewas offered on the Golden Altar the Old Testament worshipperwas reminded of the coming Messiah, who, because ofthe violent death He should die to save His people from theirsins, would alone have the right and the power, as their Advocate,to present them faultless at a throne of grace. By hisreference to the altar of incense, therefore, John depicts thewhole work and control and management of the entire churchof the living God, as being in the hands of Christ, the only onewho can connect men with "the Father of Spirits" and enablethem to worship Him "in spirit and in truth." Accordingly,since everything spiritual gets its value and efficiency from Hisministrations at a throne of grace, and all worship must reachthe Father through Him as He stands at the Golden Altar, thecommand to "measure the altar" is equivalent to a command totake all these considerations into account. This is the thirdthought. The last thing of which the verse speaks is the worshippers.John, as the closing verse of this same chapter shows,has in mind "the ark of the covenant" (R. V.). It is thoughtof here as the New Covenant, the covenant in its latest and last,and consequently in its completed form. Now in order to be aworshipper at all, as everyone knows, a person must enter intocovenant with God—the doctrine enunciated in our fourthTerm; to be an acceptable worshipper he must be loyal enoughto Christ to be willing to suffer for that covenant even to thepoint of martyrdom—the thought pervading our fifth Term- andto be an effective worshipper he must be courageous enoughto make his life tell for righteousness in witnessing for thetruth in his own day and on every question that needs his testimony—thesuperior, first if verse to truth indeed be of cited asserted the has eleventh authority an in our equal. sixth chapter for It Term. our covers of Terms Revelation As the a of case suitable Communion in has every text, therefore, no

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 1618. With this passage, then, as a starting point, let us takeup our first Term of Communion—the "reed like unto a rod."No one can get into our church without making "an acknowledgmentof the Scripture of the Old and New Testaments to be theWord of God, and the only rule of faith and manners." Thatlittle word "rule" is interesting. Behind it is the Latin wordregula, which we have in our words "regulation" and "regulate."The Bible, the Term affirms, is the Word of God, and the "only"standard for regulation of faith and conduct.Of course, the Bible is not the "only" measuring instrumentthat has ever been tried. From time to time men have devisedcertain substitutes and tested them out. The first and mostnatural one is what we may call individual judgment, or privateopinion. It is a common fault of man, as man, to think of himselfmore highly than he ought to think. His private opinionof himself and his capacity to manage his own affairs, he neverseems to underestimate. A man of this kind thinks he knowsenough to get along without the Bible. He is like the peoplein the day of the Judges, when "every man did that which wasright in his own eyes," only to find out, eventually, that bypursuing such a course he was always doing that which "wasevil in the sight of the Lord." The Bible tells us explicitly that"it is not in man that walketh to direct his steps." And when welook around and see what a dismal failure men make of lifewhen they try to "go it alone,'' and depend for guidance on nothingbut their own deficient intellects, the folly of their course isso apparent that it becomes impossible not to note it. Wreckagewashed ashore tells its own tale. All who have trusted totheir own insight and ingenuity have gone down in the storm."Poor souls! they perished."From "private opinion" it is but a step to "public opinion,"where a person passes over from the question, "What do Ithink? to the other question, "What will my neighbors think?"Like Gradgrind in "Hard Times" there are always some menand women in the world who are forever asking, "What willMr. Bounderby say?" But when, in all the history of recordedtime, was "public opinion" ever a reliable guide, and particularlyin matters of morals and religion? Whenever anyone takes"public opinion" as his instrument of measurement and manualof guidance, it is impossible for him to go farther astray. Surelyit requires no effort in thinking to perceive the force of thecommand—"Thou shalt not follow a multitude to do evil." If aman wants to go wrong, about all he needs to do is to find outthe opinion of the multitude and then follow it. "Public opinion"but lights the way to "the everlasting bond fire."Leaving the world behind us now, the next step is to lookfor guidance to Christian opinion, thus making the church thechurch he questioninstrumentone. is to cannot set Accordingly as himself is—Which a doofwhole withoutmeasurement.to the may is right first a task be standard. thing wide ofButmeasuring which of antherethe Where intelligent is markarewrong? the morechurches. in person somechurchesAnd differ, has respects. even Yet tothanthisthe do

162 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEHowever good its members may be, or aim to be, they are atbest but finite creatures. They may be the excellent of theearth, but as long as they are finite, "measuring themselves bythemselves, and comparing themselves among themselves," asPaul says, is "not wise." The church's opinion may be right, butwhere it is, it is precisely because the opinion is not its own, butGod's. The church, therfore, good and all as it is, is not themeasuring instrument; on the other hand, it is itself the thingthat is to be measured. Self-evidently it cannot be its ownyardstick.For the sake of completeness one other so-called standardwill have to be mentioned, namely, the mind or opinion, orrather the pronouncements, of the Pope. For the Roman Catholicchurch his word is final. When he speaks with authority—excathedra, as they say—he is infallible, according to their notions.Paul, taking account of facts as they were shaping themselvesright around him in his own day, and looking into thefuture, and by the help of the Holy Spirit putting two and twotogether, supplied the church beforehand with a spiritual photographof this usurper of authority, so that he could be recognizedon his arrival, and detected in his deceptions. He calls him"the man of sin" who "sitteth in the temple of God, setting himselfforth as God" (R. V.). But such a counterfeit as a man ofsin, claiming to be God, will not be likely to deceive any inteligentreader of the Bible. It ought not to be hard to find abetter measuring instrument, than "the son of perdition" is.Private opinion, and public opinion, and Christian opinion,and papal opinion, then, are not instruments of measurement,but things to be measured. And the standard for measuringthem is the Word of God. The only infallible thing in this worldis the INFALLIBLE BOOK. To judge by the Bible is to judgeby THE OPINION OF GOD. By our first term of communion,therefore, we require every one who would become a member ofour church to ACKNOWLEDGE—and of course by that wemean to acknowledge sincerely—that God's opinion is the onlyopinion that counts, and that he, as an applicant for admission,has taken that opinion, as recorded in the Bible, as the only standardfor the regulation of his faith and conduct. In a word, byour first Term of Communion we pin ourselves, and all who wishto unite with us, once for all and unconditionally to the Biblewhich, since it is "the Word of God," is the "only rule of faithand manners."9. Now, with the "reed" in our hand as the standard ofmeasurement, the next thing to do is to take the dimensions ofthe temple," or system of faith. This is no mere matter offancy; it is naked truth in its simplicity. The temple had itsouter Court, which contained the altar of burnt offering and thelaver—a picture of the Messiah who, by His death, was to pur­the contained chase by whom soul golden redemption the Beyond candlesticks"—a purchased "table for the of His Outer shew-bread" redemption people, picture Court and was the of of how "altar to the be work Holy a brought of person, incense,," Place, of the once home which Spirit and re- to

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 163deemed, was to grow in grace and fulfill the functions of theregenerate life, namely, by feeding on the "Bread of Heaven,"and keeping in touch with the "Throne of Grace," and lettinghis light "shine" in the world. Still further within was theHoliest of all, signifying the Blessed Presence into which menenter, as did the "Forerunner," when the godly life on earth isfinished. The temple was a material structure setting forth aspiritual portrait of the plan and work of redemption. John,then, was to "measure the temple" not to make sure that thetemple was right, but to make sure that the thought which hehimself had CONCERNING the temple was right; not to ascertainwhether the system of grace was perfect, but to ascertainwhether his own conception of the system of grace was perfect.There are many views of the plan of salvation, and theseviews are embodied in a variety of creeds. Which creed isright, or makes the nearest approach to being right? It becomesthe duty of every Christian to take the Word of Godas his instrument of measurement and survey the creeds. Andthis duty, of course, belongs in a special manner to the officersof the church. As a church, we, of the Reformed Presbyterianpersuasion, are convinced that the best portrait of the plan ofsalvation ever framed by human intelligence is the one we havebefore us in our Confession of Faith and Catechisms. AsChristians, therefore, we ought to survey it frequently and keepit fresh in our memory. In our judgment it tallies point forpoint with the teachings of the Word. And since this is true, wefind ourselves bound to make, and to require those who wouldlike to unite with us to make, "an acknowledgment that thewhole doctrine of the Westminster Confession of Faith, and theCatechisms, Larger and Shorter, are agreeable unto, and foundedupon, the Scriptures." In other words, when we measure oursystem of faith with the "reed like unto a rod," we find thatwhat we have is, for substance, the very thing that God revealed.This being so, we require this "acknowledgment" asa condition of admission into our church.What we say, therefore, by our Second Term of Communionis, that these documents contain the truest conception of the planof salvation that has ever as yet been drawn up by any body ofmen, and that the truest conception of the plan of salvation iswhat all Christians ought to hold.10. Our third Term of Communion centers in the matterof the government and worship of the church. In these twothings all the other provisions for man's salvation come, as itwere, to a focus. First of all, everything must be under themanagement of Christ, for He is "the head of the church."Moreover, His arrangements are perfectly plain. Nothing inScripture is more clearly asserted than that the ruling officersin the New Testament church were elders. Each particularcongregation order" city," Tour, every where, even church." the things as had as he Luke Above that its and Session, tells were Barnabas the us wanting individual for the had Paul Acts, and done congregations directed "ordain they ordained their Titus elders Missionarythere to "elders in "set every was in in

164 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEthe Presbytery, for Paul informs us that Timothy was set apartto the ministry by "the laying on of hands of the Presbytery."Still higher than the Presbyteries was the Synod or GeneralAssembly. To this, when it met in Jerusalem, as recorded inthe Fifteenth of Acts, "Paul and Barnabas, and certain othersof the elders of Antioch, were sent as delegates; and when theSynod, "being assembled with one accord," finally came to aconclusion on the subject in question, it published its action asthe verdict of "the whole church." In the order of history,therefore, the Presbyterian church was the first church, the originalchurch, the church which Christ, "the head of the church," establishedthrough the agency of His apostles; and consequentlythe Presbyterian form of church government is the only formthat can justly claim a "divine right" as its reason for existence.Episcopacy did not come into being until at least a century afterthe death of the Apostle John, who was the last of theApostles, and who lived until about 100 A. D. It was fully twoor three hundred years after Christ before "this great corruptionof the Christian system" as Neander calls it, had becomefirmly rooted—a system, as he adds, which is but "a carnal perversionof the true idea of the Christian church." And thePapal system is still later, for it grew out of the Episcopal.For a while the Bishops were equal, but as time progressed the"primacy" was given to the Bishop of Rome, who came to becalled the Pope. In the Presbyterian form of church government,therefore, we have the form which the Lord Jesus Himselfauthorized His Apostles to establish. Later forms arefungous growths, mere human inventions without any warranthigher than the finite mind.But the management or °-overnment of the church, it mustalways be remembered, was prescribed by the Holy Spirit witha view to providing the soul with an acceptable method of worshippingGod. Only a veil separated the "altar of incense"from the Holy of holies, in which was the Mercy Seat, the throneof the invisible God.Consequently the "altar of incense" was the nearest possibleapproach the worshipper could make to Jehovah short ofentering "the Holiest of all"—an event which could never takeplace, as the worshipper was carefully taught, except throughthe mediation of the Great High Priest. Our Lord Himself putsthe thought into New Testament language when He says, "Iam the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto theFather, but by me." It is He who stands at the "golden altar"as our Great Intercessor who alone can make worship acceptable.When John was told to "measure the altar," therefore, all thistruth would come home to his mind. The church was to bemanaged so that its members could "worship the Father in spiritand in truth"; only Christ could do it; everything accordinglymust conform to His directions.fession another called Now "The of called the Faith Form Wesminster "The and of Presbyterial Directory the Catechisms, Assembly, for Church the besides drew Public Government," up preparing Worship another document the of and God Con­still "

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 165In the former of these it applies the measuring "reed" andfinds that the Presbyterian form of church government is theonly kind that the Bible prescribes; in the latter, by applying thesame instrument, it finds that the only kind of worship whichGod has promised to accept is the kind that He Himself hasmade provision for and given His sanction to—the kind namely,that is purely spiritual, since God Himself "is a Spirit: and theythat worship Him must worship Him in spirit and in truth."With these facts before it our church requires all who wouldcome into its membership to make "an acknowledgment of thedivine right of one unalterable form of church government andmanner of worship—and that these are, for substance, justly exhibitedin that form of church government and directory forWorship agreed upon by the assembly of divines at Westminster,as they were received by the church of Scotland."11. Our Fourth Term of Communion is "an acknowledgementof public covenanting as an ordinance of God to be observedby churches and nations; and of the perpetual obligationof public covenants; and of the obligation upon this church ofthe covenant entered into in 1871, in which are embodied the engagementsof the National Covenant of Scotland and of theSolemn League and Covenant, so far as applicable in this land."By a covenant, such as this Term has in view, we mean aformal agreement made by man, to live for God. Such anagreement, to be of any value, must, of course, be sincere, andshould contain, in particular—(1) a confession of sin and utterunworthiness; (2) a declaration of our sense of dependence; (3)an acknowledgment of our need; (4) a plea for grace, mercyand peace through the merits of the Lord Jesus Christ; (5) aprofession of loyalty to our crucified and risen Saviour and ascendedLord, coupled with a definite promise to take His holyWord as our source of comfort and rule of obedience; (6) a programmeof action drawn up in such a way as to enable us to doour work in the world to the greatest possible advantage of theKingdom of God.What would happen if all churches and nations were toenter into covenants of such a character in the proper spirit?Or rather, what would not happen? As Isaiah says, insteadof the thorn would come up the fir tree, and instead of thebriar the myrtle. Men the world over would give up thethought of trying to "gather grapes of thorns, or figs of thistles."History would move forward in harmony with the teachings ofthe Holy Spirit. The earth would come to be peopled, prevailinglyat least, by "the ransomed of the Lord"; wickednessin shame would hide its head; sorrow and sighing would fleeaway.Scotland especially is noted for its Covenants. As a modeof expressing religious conviction and resolution they havemade lineage. pay the Christ, meantime my that we neighbor What are land die, bound they illustrious. a my thousand bound to heirs do. themselves dollars are As If I under a agree, a church year just to for for do we as value ten for much are years, the received, of obligation sake Scotch and of to in

166 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEto pay the remaining installments as they come due as I wouldhave been had I lived until the last dollar had been paid. Theobligation is continuous. So it is with religious covenants; theobligation is "perpetual." In 1871 we renewed the covenants ofScotland, and embodied all their provisions, "so far as applicablein this land," in one of our own. We renew this Covenantin a formal manner every time we come to the communion table.By so doing we put ourselves under all the great obligationswhich our forefathers so nobly assumed in those dark days whento do it placed them in jeopardy to their lives every hour. Thusthe centuries with their splendid cloud of witnesses, are lookingdown upon us and urging us to be true to our covenant obligations.As worshippers, then, we, by our Fourth Term of Communion,put ourselves under oath, in "the Great and Dreadful Nameof the Lord our God," to conduct our lives in accordance with therequirements of the three preceding Terms. In fact, it is onlyby our fidelity to this Fourth Term as it embodies the otherthree, that we become acceptable worshippers at all. What weacknowledged in those we acknowledge in this one; here, however,in addition to acknowledging we covenant to do. In otherwords, we now arrive at the razor edge of an explicit acceptanceof Christ, and declare that from this point on, at least, we shalllive for Him and not for another.12. But what ideal shall we set before us in the matter ofkeeping covenant? What shall be the test of our fidelity?Shall it be mere convenience? Shall it be temporal prosperity?Shall it be social standing? popular applause? prestige? Whatshall it be? To such questions our Fifth Term of Communionreplies that, for one thing, we have "a noble example" confrontingus "in the faithful contendings of the martyrs of Jesus."Martyrdom, that is to say, is the real test of covenant-keeping.Rather than renounce the truth a genuine Christian will be willingto die for it. And how many thousands and hundreds ofthousands of just such unconquerable men and women, yes, andoftentimes little children, have calmly allowed themselves to beslaughtered rather than recede one iota from what they believedto be the truth! Surely loyalty like that furnishes "anoble example for us and our posterity to follow in contendingfor all divine truth, and in testifying against all contrary evilswhich may exist in the corrupt constitutions of either churchor state."Not only individuals, however, but churches as well, supplyus with noble examples. The Reformation churches thattook the Covenants in Britian and Ireland, and remained trueto them, are worthy of honor and imitation. These churchescontended against paganism pure and simple—that is, againstthe superstitions and the immoralities of the outlying districtsPope which of sion Christian heathendom of to did religion; little Christian British which more also had Sovereign, than religion; against not transfer as Popery, yet in and this come the equally the way into "primacy" deliberate against corrupting contact from with Prelacy, perver­both the

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 167church and state. In Great Britain the "Crown" is the "headof the church," a fact which puts Great Britain under an immoralconstitution of civil government. CHRIST is the head ofthe church. To usurp His place is to dishonor His blessedName. "The present Reformed Covenanted churches in Britainand Ireland" have testified all along, and are still testifying,against this piece of effrontery, and in doing so furnish us andour posterity with a noble example in opposing similar evils.They are showing us how to keep covenant.Furthermore, they have never been willing to mince matters.They carry the battle to the gates. Here we come uponwhat the Term calls "Erastian tolerations." There was anopinion abroad in the days of Erastus, that all matters, whetherof church or state, ought to be under one supreme control. TheRoman Catholics held that that control ought to be in the handsof the Pope, which would make the Catholic church supreme,and the state its humble creature. Erastus held that the supremecontrol ought to be in the hands of the state and thatthe civil magistrate, accordingly, had a right to interfere anddictate in the affairs of the church. Both positions were wrong.The church and the state, as divinely instituted, are equals.Each is responsible under God for taking care of its own affairs,without interference from the other. Of course, theyought to co-operate wherever it is advisable and advantageousto do so. There should be no friction between them; and ifboth were idealy constituted, and were operated according todivine directions, there could be none. Our Covenanted churcheson the other side grasped this truth, and were unwilling to tolerateanything like Erastianism—anything, that is to say, thatbore even the semblance of allowing the civil magistrate to usehis authority in the church. And now, what these men contendedfor, and contended for in the face of determined "persecutions,"we enjoy in our country without ever dreaming that ourliberties cost our ancestors even so much as a drop of blood.What church on this side ever has to await the coming of acivil officer to convene its assemblies, and grant them authorityto proceed with their work, and then, after their work is done,has to await the same officer's convenience to dismiss them?Few things in church affairs should make us happier or moregrateful today than just the fact that THE PRESENTREFORMED COVENANTED CHURCHES IN BRITAIN ANDIRELAND contended faithfully against "ALL ERASTIANTOLERATIONS." A knowledge of the struggles of the Covenantersin Scotland, England and Ireland cannot possibly dootherwise than awaken in their true descendants "an approbationof the faithful contendings of the martyrs of Jesus, and ofthe present Reformed Covenanted churches in Britain and Ireland,against Paganism, Popery, and Prelacy, and against immoratiatainintrarycontending either tolerations constitutions evils church a noble for which or all and example state." divine may of persecutions civil truth, exist for government, us and in and which the in our testifying corrupt flow together posterity therefrom, constitutions against with to follow all all as Eras­con­of in

168 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THE13. In our Sixth Term of Communion all that precedes itis brought to a climax. We have acknowledged that the Wordof God is the only standard by which to determine what weought to believe and how we ought to live. We have acknowledgedthat the Confession of Faith and the Catechisms affordus the best interpretation of the Word of God that human reasonhas yet been able to produce. We have acknowledged that "TheForm of Presbyterial Church-Government" and "The Directoryfor the Public Worship of God," drawn up at Westminster, setforth the Scriptural mode of church government and manner ofworship. We have acknowledged that church and state—aswell, of course, as individuals—ought to enter into public covenantwith God and engage to live for His glory. We have professedour approbation of the way in which the martyrs kepttheir covenants, and of the way in which our Covenanted Brethrenacross the sea are keeping them yet. This brings us to ourSixth Term, by which we profess our approbation of the way inwhich our own church in North America has undertaken to continueand carry on the work of Christ inaugurated, and entrustedto the children of God, from the foundation of the world.Really our Sixth Term is a piece of art. Its subject matteris "The Declaration and Testimony." Now the "Declaration andTestimony" consists of three parts. The first part gives a briefhistory of the church of God on earth. Thus we begin with thebeginning. The second part sets forth the doctrines and principlesof the plan of salvation as we believe them to be taught inthe Scriptures. This anchors us to the Bible. The third partenumerates the "errors" that have prevailed from time to time,and still prevail, concerning those doctrines and principles, andenlists us against them. This puts us on the WITNESSSTAND. Regularly at the close of every chapter in the "Declarationand Testimony" this sentence occurs—"We thereforecondemn the following errors, and testify against all whomaintain them." Thus the "Declaration and Testimony" is awholly different instrument from the "Confession of Faith."In the "Confession" the doctrine is stated, and the Scripture onwhich it is based is cited, and there the matter ends. It is amere matter of interpretation. In the "Declaration and Testimony,"as the very title implies, the doctrine is stated and theScripture cited With a view to using it in particular instances"in defense of truth and in opposition to error." The fact is,there are a hundred and ninty-nine digressions from Scripturaltruth, specifically mentioned in our "Declaration and Testimony,"against which we pledge ourselves to take the "stand"whenever and wherever the occasion calls for the services of agood and faithful witness. As the "errors" enumerated, however,are inferences or deductions from the "doctrines" setforth, and are therefore different by one remove from the doctrinesthemselves, being assertions not of the infinite but of thefinite tional mind quire has us mind, care. to reasoned assent the It will Term unconditionally out, be was noted, matter in need accordingly, to how of the firmly being things that stated the which it church does with the may not human excep­re­be-

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 169lieve them to be true, but only to the "doctrines." By implication,of course, we approve of the "doctrines," we disapprove oftheir opposites; yet the church, out of reverence for the Wordof God, is satisfied that the disapproval shall be by implicationalone. How finely the Term is worded, and what a fieldof labor it outlines for us all—"An approbation of the doctrinescontained in the Declaration and Testimony of the ReformedPresbyterian church in North America, in defense of truth, andin opposition to error!"The reed, the temple, the altar, the worshipper. The Bible,the system of grace, the manner of worship, the believer—thought of as a person who enters into covenant with God, inthe spirit of the martyrs, with a view to bearing witness tothe truth, always and everywhere as it is in Jesus. "And therewas given me a reed like unto a rod: and the angel stood, saying,Rise, and measure the temple of God, and the altar, andthem that worship therein." Could anything be more complete ?14. These, then, are the Terms which bind us together intoa church by ourselves. If they accord with the Scriptures, wehave a right to exist; and in addition to that, all other churchesought to accept them as heartily as we do. They "form thebonds of our ecclesiastical union;" and if we are right in this,they ought to form the bonds for the "ecclesiastical union" of allother churches as well. If we ought to stand or fall by them,others ought to stand or fall by them. This is why we set themdown as "terms" or conditions of admission into the church.For if the positions are Scriptural, and all men should holdthem, why should we not ask those who desire to unite with usto hold them, and require them to do so? We ought to takeour stand before the whole world. We ought to take it courageously.And we ought not to be ashamed of its implications orwaver when the test comes. Let us not overlook the calm resolveand heroic challenge embedded in that quiet closing assertion,that these Terms "form the bonds of our ecclesiasticalunion." Rightly understood it announces to the whole wideworld, with all its churches that with the Bible in our hand andour lives hid with Christ in God we will move forward, by divinegrace, and await results, humbly, cheerfully—a body of believersundisturbed by opposition and "peacefully invincible.""A regular life and conversation"—notice that little regulaonce more— that is to say, a life "regulated" by what theseTerms demand, coupled with a deportment in keeping with thedignity of our "high calling," "together with due subordinationin the Lord to the authority of the Synod of the Reformed Presbyterianchurch in North America," is the kind of life thatmust be lived, if we mean to complete the edifice as its Architectdesigned, and to do the work that falls to us within its hallowedwalls, "in good form and order." In a word, these arenoble principles, and they ought to be adorned by noble lives.

170 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THECHAPTER IIISUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH A VIEWTO CHURCH MEMBERSHIPTwo things ought to be noticed just at the very start. Oneis that these questions and answers are only "suggestive." Thechief purpose is to give the young people of the church some ideaof what they are expected to know and do when they decide tomake a profession of faith. The thought is that if they cananswer these questions satisfactorily, they can easily answerany questions which any pastor or session will ever be likely toask them.The other thing to be noticed is, that some of the questionsin this chapter are not answered. Usually the reason for thisis that these questions have to be answered by what is in theheart, and as no one knows what is in another's heart everyperson has to answer them for himself, as his own heart directs.In other instances the answers are either self-evident or are impliedin the next question following.PERSONAL.1. Do you feel in your heart that you love the Lord Jesus ?2. Do you feel that it is your love of Him that makes youwant to unite with the church ?3. Are you taking this step of your own free will, simplybecause you want to?4. Do you feel that the Lord Jesus wants you to come toHim?5. Are you anxious to honor Him in every way you can,and to take Him as your Saviour and Companion and Friendthrough life?BIBLICAL.1. To what Book do we have to go to learn about the ChristianReligion?2. Does the Bible contain all that men need to know aboutthe way of salvation ?3. Is it right to add anything to the Bible's teaching aboutthe Christian religion, or to take anything away from it?For the Bible's answer turn to Deuteronomy 4:2, and toRevelation 22:18-19.4. What is the Bible?It is the Word of God.5. Is the Word of God a perfect guide of life?Yes, it furnishes the perfect and only standard for measuringwhat we ought to believe and what we ought to do.6. Do you believe the whole Bible to be the Word of God97. Do you agree to accept what the Bible teaches, and totake it into your life to live by it ?DOCTRINAL.1. What do we mean by a Bible doctrine.A Bible doctrine is simply what the Bible teaches us aboutsome stated 2. particular and Where explained? can truth. we find the Bible doctrines very carefullv J

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 171(1.) In the Shorter Catechism. (2.) In the larger Catechism.(3.) In the Confession of Faith. (4.) In our Testimony.3. What do these documents aim to do for the Bible?They aim to make its teachings plain.4. What is the Bible doctrine about man?The Bible teaches that man, when he was first created, wasa holy being, made " in the image of God."ner 95. How did God deal with man before man became a sin­He made a bargain or agreement with him.which is commonlycalled the Covenant of Works.6. What do we mean by the Covenant of Works ?It is like this: God and man entered into an agreement;God was to sustain man and provide him with everything heneeded; man was to obey God in all things and always; thusman was to live by his "good works;" if he would continue toobey, and would never sin, his "good works" would always beenough to make him perfectly happy.7. In this Covenant, on whom did everything depend—onman or on God?On man; for God, of course, could not sin, and He had alreadygiven man the power to obey or not to obey; so that manhad to choose, and everything accordingly depended on the choicehe would make.8. When man disobeyed God and broke the Covenant, inwhat condition did he find himself?He found that he had become a sinner; that he had begunto hate God; that he was under a dark cloud of wrath; and thathe was condemned to die and to perish forever.9. What do we mean by the Covenant of Grace ?It is like this: Grace is the love of God going out to those whoare not worthy of it; when man sinned he became unworthy ofGod; while he was in this unworthy and lost condition, God camedown and made another agreement with him, and this secondagreement is called the Covenant of Grace.10. In this Covenant, on whom does everything depend—on man or on God?On God; for by sinning man lost his power to do right, andhis desire to do right, so that in the matter of pleasing God hebecame wholly helpless.11. What did God do to save man from his lost condition?He first promised to send, and afterwards did send, HisSon, the Lord Jesus Christ, into the world to become a Saviour.12. How does this Saviour become our Saviour?He becomes ours when we accept Him as our Substitute.13. Just what is meant by accepting Christ as our Substitute?It is like this: Every day of my life is marred by sin,whereas every day of Christ's life was lived in perfect holiness;when comes God accepts I my offer Substitute. it, God then Christ's Christ Again, holy takes life I cannot instead my place pay of before the my penalty sinful God one, and of and the be­

172 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEsins I commit; no one but God can pay that penalty, for thatpenalty is infinite; but Christ is God; by His death on the crossHe paid that penalty; so when God sets the penalty of my sinto the account of Jesus Christ and lets me go free, Christ becomesmy Substitute in this respect also. In other words, whenChrist becomes my Substitute God saves me because of Christ—because of the life Christ lived, because of the death Christ diedand because of what Christ does for me, and will continue to dofor me, all the days of my life.14. What then must anyone do to be saved?He must come to the throne of grace and pray, like thePublican, "God be merciful to me, a sinner."15. Can a man pray even such a prayer as this unless hehas desire and willingness to do it?No.16. By whom can this desire and willingness be awakened ?By God alone.17. What truth ought this fact to fasten in our minds ?The central truth of the Covenant of Grace—that salvationis wholly of God.SACRAMENTAL.1. What is a sacrament?A sacrament is an oath, or vow, taken in the presence of acongregation of professing Christians who have assembled forpublic worship.2. Is there any obscure, hidden or mystic meaning in thesacrament ?None whatsoever.3. How many sacraments are there ?Two.4. What are they?Baptism and the Lord's Supper.5. When parents present their children for baptism, whatdoes the sacrament mean?It means, if we may venture to condense it into a singlestatement that those parents, standing before a congregation ofChristians, assembled for worship, are willing and ready to putthemselves under a solemn oath or vow, in the sight of God, todo all they can to bring their children into touch with JesusChrist as the Saviour of sinners.6. What, in a sentence, is the meaning of the sacramentof the Lord's Supper?It means that we are willing and ready under the eye ofGod, and in the presence of a congregation of Christians, assembledfor worship, to put ourselves under oath to keep Christand what He did for us, in our memories; and to dedicate ourselvesanew to Him and to His service, for time and for eternity7. Is Christ present in the sacrament of the Lord's Supper?*9. No. Yes. 8. Is He present in the wine bread? ?

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 17310. How and where is He present then ?He is present in the heart of everyone who eats of thatbread and drinks of that wine in a worthy manner.11. When we take that bread in our hands, what are weto think about?About the'body of Christ.12. When we take the cup, what are we to think about?About the blood of Christ.13. When we see that bread broken, what are we to thinkabout ?About Christ's body as it was broken, or crucified, on thecross.14. When we see the wine poured out, what are we tothink about?About the way in which Christ's blood was poured out onthe cross for the remission of our sins.15. Putting these things together, then, what should itmean to us to sit at the Lord's table, and eat and drink in Hispresence ?It should mean that we have resolved to feed the soul onthe provisions set before us in the suffering and death of theLord Jesus; that we have made up our minds to live in relianceon Him as our present and everlasting Saviour; and that wehave engaged ourselves to labor for Him and to be loyal to Himas long as we live.PRACTICAL.1. In what ways should a public profession of faith producegood results in daily life?By making us increasingly careful to honor Christ in theheart, in the home, in the church, and in the state.2. How should it help one personally, in "the hidden manof the heart?"It should regulate the working of the mind, so that thefirst question raised will always be—Is this plan of life, or thisobject of thought, or this word I am about to speak, or thisdeed I am about to do, of such a character as would recommenditself to the mind of Christ? It should implant the desire, evermore and more deeply, to distinguish clearly, in all things, betweenright and wrong, and should serve to strengthen the conviction,which no soul can ever entirely get away from, that theright course ought always, and the wrong ought never, to befollowed. It should encourage and impel the soul to seek,without ceasing, the aid of the Holy Spirit, in order that thelife-work may be under the constant direction of the Father oflights, and, through the merits and mediation of Christ, maymeet with His approval.Thus a sincere profession of faith places everyone whomakes it on a high plane of living. It has the effect of quickeningthe intellect, the feelings and the will in the way ofrecreations righteousness. the ed, standard are fear countenanced of and honesty God; diversions, Under duties and its are participated fidelity; influence by performed whatever and occupations in sports, names according only they outings, so are to may far the chosen as games, be divine they call­in

174 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEwill in no wise injure, or bring discredit upon, the cause ofChrist. In a word, the continous prayer in the true believer'ssoul is the prayer of David, "Let the words of my mouth, andthe meditation of my heart, be acceptable in thy sight, O Lord,my strength, and my Redeemer."3. How should a profession of faith affect one's life in thehome?It should serve to keep unselfishness before the mind as theideal kind of life; for how can anyone be an intimate companionof Christ without constantly cultivating an amiable disposition,and growing in the grace of kind-heartedness? True fellowshipwith the Lord Jesus will enable us to conduct ourselvestowards the other members of the family, so that our absencefrom home, or even the possibility of it would create a deepsense of loss, and a feeling of profound regret at the thought ofparting or of remaining apart. Christianity makes the individualseek the welfare of everyone within the divinely drawn circumferenceof the domestic circle.4. How should a profession of faith affect one's life in thechurch ?It should inspire every one who makes it to be faithful andpunctual in his attendance on the ordinances of public and socialworship. It should fill the soul with an unquenchable zealto become equipped to assume places and positions of responsibilityand trust, so as to make the life tell, in the most efficientways possible, for the spread of the gospel. It should make usso loyal to Christ that we would be willing to die a martyr'sdeath rather than allow the church, which He died to establish,to fall away from the truth or to do anything that would tend totarnish the purity of its worship.5. What are some of the more prominent teachings of theBible for which the church, as a church, ought to stand, and forwhich our Church in particular does stand?(1) That there are three Persons in the Godhead, theFather, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.(2) That Jesus Christ is God.(3) That man was created in the image of God, and wasconsequently, at the outset, as holy in character and life as GodHimself.(4) That man, by his own act, became a sinner, and, bybecoming a sinner, made it impossible for himself to save himself.(5) That man's only hope of salvation is in Christ Jesus,who came in the flesh, lived on earth, and died on the cross, tosave sinners from their sins.•«, {V T£at * is^the H°ly Spirit's work to apply to the soulthe redemption purchased by Jesus Christ, our Lord and Saviour.(7) That it is through the church of the living God thatthe work of redemption is to be carried forward in the world.(8) That " is the duty of the church to worship God "inspirit doctrines 6. and In and m what truth," manner respects and of worship to does be always a pure. profession on its guard of faith to keep in our its

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 175church differ from a profession of faith in other churches, astouching the matter and manner of worship?It binds us to the exclusive use of the Psalms in divine worship,and to the singing of the Psalms without the use of anyinstruments of music.7. Why does it bind us to the use of the Psalms alone insinging praise to God?Because there is no instruction in the Bible to sing anythingelse, and by the Bible's own Principle everything else is thereforeexcluded.8. What about those two places in the New Testamentwhich speak of "Psalms and Hymns and spiritual Songs"—Ephesians 5:19 and Colossians 3:10?The Ephesians and Colossians used the Greek Version ofthe Bible, much as we use the English Version nowadays;and in the Greek Version those three words—Psalms, Hymns,and Songs—appear as titles of the Book of Psalms, as found inthe Old Testament; so that those very three words teach us thatthe New Testament church was directed by the Holy Spirit tosing the Psalms of the Bible in the worship of God.9. Why does our profession of faith bind us to exclude instrumentalmusic in our singing of praise ?Because, apart from public processions, instruments ofmusic were never used, except by the Levites, in the templeworship, at the altar of burnt offering, while the sacrifice wasbeing consumed—as shown, for example, in Second Chronicles29:25-28. Thus instruments were a part of the typical worshipof the temple, and when it fulfilled and finished its purpose inthe death of Christ on Calvary, and was therefore abolished aswe are taught from the whole Epistle to the Hebrews, the instrumentsnaturally, since they were bound up in it, sharedthe same fate. They were set aside when that in connectionwith which they were used was set aside.The New Testament worship, therefore, was not modelledafter the fashion of the temple worship, but after the fashionof the synagogue worship; and no instruments of music wereever used in the synagogues in the days of Christ and theapostles. Consequently, since the pattern, according to whichthe Holy Spirit directed the apostles to model the New Testamentworship, contains no provisions for the use of musical instrumentsin divine worship, their introduction is unwarranted.They are an intrusion, a human addition to a divine programme.In the synagogues, when Paul and the other apostles were organizingthe church for its final work in the world, the Psalmsalone were sung in the worship of God, and always without theuse of instruments; and as no one has any right to make anydeparture from the Scriptural standard, what they did is whatought to be done today.In a word, a profession of faith should connect us with thecitizen church the been truth, It 10. revealed ? should of How Jesus the serve to whole should Christ us to by truth, a enlist in the profession such and Holy every a nothing way Spirit of noble faith as in but to quality the affect make the Scriptures.truth, us one's of the zealous as life soul it has for in a

176 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEbehalf of the state or nation in which the citizen resides and ofall other nations as well.11. What one thing above all others determines the characterof a nation and paves the way for its well being on the onehand, or its undoing on the other?Its attitude toward God.12. What should be its attitude toward God in order to insureits well being?It should sincerely believe and acknowledge three things:(1) That it has its right to exist, and receives all its authority,from God; (2) That God deals with nations, as with men,through His Son, Jesus Christ, the King; (.3) That the Bible,written under the guidance and inspiration of the Holy Spirit,is the only book that can teach nations how to keep in "thepaths of righteousness."13. What part of a Constitution is the proper place tomake such a recognition?The Preamble, or as it is sometimes called, the EnactingClause.14. Is there any specific example of a Preamble that wouldanswer to the three requirements that have just been mentioned?Yes; the Preamble to Rhode Island's Compact of Governmentused to read: "We whose names are underwritten do herebysolemnly, in the presence of Jehovah, incorporate ourselvesinto a body politic; and, as He shall help, will submit our persons,lives, and estates unto our Lord Jesus Christ, the Kingof kings and Lord of lords, and to all those perfect and absolutelaws of His given to us in His Holy Word of truth to be judgedand guided thereby."15. Is there any marked difference between that Preambleand this: "We the people of the United States, in order to form amore perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility,provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare,and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity,do ordain and establish this Constiution for the United Statesof America ? "16. In your judgment which of the two would be likelyto commend itself the more favorably to God and the Lord JesusChrist?17. What are some of the principal passages to prove thatthe former of these two Preambles is right in its attitude towardGod, and that the latter is wrong?(1) The Second Psalm throughout; especially the words,"Kiss the Son"—which constitute an explicit command to thenation's of the earth to acknowledge Christ sincerely, devoutlyand devotedly.'(2) "The government shall be upon His shoulder." "Ofthe increase of His government and peace there shall be noend." Isaiah 9:6,7.33:12. King (3) (4) of kings "Blessed "Jesus and Christ, Lord the ... nation of lords." the whose blessed I God Timothy and is only the 6:15. Lord." Potentate, Psalm the

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 177(5) "The Lord is our Judge"—He is at the head of thejudicial department of civil affairs; "The Lord is our Lawgiver"—He is at the head of the legislative department; "The Lordis our King"—He is at the head of the executive department.Isaiah 33:22.(6) When Satan offered the Lord Jesus dominion over thenations of the earth on other terms than loyalty to the Father,Jesus said, "It is written, Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God,and Him only shalt thou serve." Matthew 4:10.(7) "Render . . . unto God the things that are God's."Matthew 22:21.(8) Then, as to the use of the Word of God, readDeuteronomy 17:18-20—a passage which contains instructionsas binding on rulers today, and as indispensable to good governmentat the present time, as they were the moment they werefirst uttered.18. Does the Constitution of the United States, as it nowstands, measure up with such passages as the foregoing?19. Ought it to ?20. If the Bible teaches that nations ought to recognizeChrist as King and our nation does not so recognize Him, inwhat situation does such a fact place anyone who proposes aboveall things to be loyal to Christ ?It places a man in the position where his first duty is totell the truth about the situation in a clear, kindly, courageousmanner, and where his second duty is to keep himself from becominginvolved in the sin he is pointing out, and concerningwhich he is bearing witness.21. Is there any command or advice in the Bible which definesthe citizen's duty explicity, as touching the political situationin the United States today?Yes; in Proverbs 3:6 the Holy Spirit provides expressly forthis as well as for every other situation in life, when He says."In all thy ways acknowledge Him, and He shall direct thypaths."22. What does every voter in the United States have todo?He has to place the stamp of his approval on the Constitutionof the United States as it exists in fact at the time of hisvoting, and accept it for the time being as his programme ofgovernment.23. Can a man acknowledge Christ in a political way, andat the same time swear to support a Constitution of governmentwhich does not acknowledge Him in a political way.No more than a man can do a thing and not do it, at thesame time and in the same sense.24. Can a man serve two masters in any department in life ?No answer to any question can be better than the answer ofthe Lord Jesus, and He says, "No man can serve two masters."the supreme 25. In its Does own law the language of Constitution the land."says, claim "This to Constitution be "master?" . . . shall be

178 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THE26. Can the Constitution be "supreme" in political lifeand Christ be "supreme" in political life, when the Constitutiondoes not acknowledge Christ?27. Which "master" will the consistent Christian choose toserve ?28. Which "master" have you decided to serve and giveyour first allegiance to?29. Does this mean that you are going to be disloyal toyour country?It means the very opposite of that, for if I am true toChrist I will have to do what I can to bring my country toChrist; and in doing that I will be doing the very best thing thatcan be done for my country's welfare.30. If some one, on learning what you believe, were to sayto you, "O, you believe, then, in the union of church and state,"what would you say?I would say, "That is the very thing I do not believe in; whatI believe is that both the church and the state ought to have areligion, and that the religion they ought to have is the religionof the Lord Jesus Christ; and that the church being one person,and the state being another person, each for itself can believein Christ, and acknowledge Him independently, in the way whichits own nature requires."IDEAL.1. Where may Christ be said to have summed up in thebriefest way the unreckonable value of the Christian life?In the Sermon on the Mount—notably where He says, "Yeare the salt of the earth," and, "Ye are the light of the world."2. What do these statements imply?They imply, first, that as the salt has to come into contactwith the thing it preserves, even so we must bring our Christianityinto contact with the unbelievers among whom we live;and secondly, that as a "light" is useless "under a bushel," wemust let our light "shine before men," so as to glorify our"Father which is in heaven," and in this way come to be like acity "set on a hill" which "cannot be hid."3. What kind of a life does this teaching of our Lord requireHis followers to live?An open life, described by Paul as "an epistle of Christ"—as a letter, that is, whose contents are not to be kept under anyseal of secrecy, but to be spread out, so as to be "known andread of all men."4. How does this affect the question of belonging to SecretOrders ?It condemns membership in such organizations as being contraryto the very spirit of Christianity.5. Is it possible to condense the Biblical argument aganistSecret Societies into a compact form for.practical use?Yes; for if the Bible teaches anything clearly, it teaches thatif any person has anything morally good and helpful, he oughtto that broadcast nobody ought it for ever the to advantage link himself of all up men with everywhere, anything that and is

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 179not morally good and helpful. If it is good, everybody ought toknow it; if it is not good, nobody ought to know it.6. How did Christ's life measure up with this ideal?Perfectly; for in the council, which at the time was not sittingregularly under Caiaphas, but secretly under Annas, Hesaid—and 0 how it angered them—"I spake openly to the world,. . . and in secret have I said nothing."7. Do you propose, then, to take Christ as your examplein your attitude toward all Secret Societies ?THE CONCLUSION OF THE WHOLE MATTER.The Christian life means living on a lofty plane. "Beloved,now are we the sons of God," says the Apostle John, "and itdoth not yet appear what we shall be; but we know that, whenHe shall appear, we shall be like Him; for we shall see Him asHe is. And every man that hath this hope in him purifiethhimself, even as He is pure." To be like Christ, and see God,and be comfortable in His presence—can any ideal be higherthan that? Then, on the wings of purity, thus developed, ourthoughts will find it possible to soar away into heavenly places,there to dwell on "whatsoever things are true, whatsoever thingsare honest, whatsoever things are just, whatsoever things arepure,, whatsoever things are lovely, whatsoever things are ofgood report"—in short, on the kind of things that are commendablein the sight of God. Nor can we dwell on such thingsfor any length of time without experiencing results within thesoul that are truly glorious, for pure living and noble thinkingend in a sort of spiritual transfiguration. This, in fact, is whatPaul has in mind when he says, "I beseech you, brethren, by themercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice,holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service.And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed"—we might equally well translate it transfigured—"by the renewingof your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, andacceptable, and perfect, will of God." He had himself passedthrough the raptures of a transfiguration in "the hidden man ofthe heart," and he knew what it meant. What he has enjoyed hewants ali others to enjoy. And so he sends out a message,caught from on high and reinforced by his own experience, toall the inhabitants of the earth—a message which all men woulddo well to heed, and which no professing Christian can affordto forget, seeing its fervid admonitions leave little, if anything,unsaid: "Be ye not unequally yoked together with unbelievers:for what fellowship hath righteousness with unrighteousness?and what communion hath light with darkness? And whatconcord hath Christ with Belial? or what part hath he thatbelieveth with an infidel? And what agreement hath the templeof God with idols? for ye are the temple of the living God;as God hath said, I will dwell in them, and walk in them; andbe and saith I come will a touch Father out be Lord from their not unto the Almighty." among God, unclean you, and them, and they thing; (The ye and shall End) and be ye be I will separate, my my receive sons people. and saith you, daughters,Wherefore the and Lord, will

180 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEDIRECTORY OF THE REFORMED PRESBYTERIANCHURCH OF NORTH AMERICAOfficers of Synod—Moderator—Rev. Walter McCarroll, D. D., 1438 ShakespeareAve., New York City.Clerk—Rev. D. C. Mathews, D. D., 1505 Tenth Ave., Greeley,Colo.Assistant Clerk—Rev. T. C. McKnight, New Concord, Ohio.Stated Clerk—Mr. J. S. Tibby, 209 Ninth Street, Pittsburgh,"Pa.Treasurers of Synod's Funds—James S. Tibby, 209 Ninth Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.Synod's Board of Trustees, Bible Society and Budget.Joseph M. Steele, 219 North Broad St., Philadelphia, Pa.,Foreign Mission, Jewish Mission and Church ErectionBoards.Mrs. Agnes E. Steele, 129 East End Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa.Reformed Presbyterian Women's Association.Secretary of Young Peoples Work and Home Resources—Rev. J. D. Edgar—Declined appointment.Superintendent of Witness Work—W. J. Coleman, D. D., Glenshaw, Pennsylvania, R. D. 2.Synod's Evangelist and Singer—Mr. R. A. M. Steele, 129 East End Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa.Superintendent of Southern Mission—Rev. R. J. Mclsaac, Knox Academy, Selma, Alabama.Superintendent of Indian Mission—W. W. Carithers, D. D., Emeritus, Verona, Pa., R. D.Leechburg Road.Rev. R. C. Adams, in charge, Apache, Oklahoma.In Charge of Jewish Mission—Misses Annie and Elizabeth Forsythe, 800 South FifthStreet, Philadelphia, Pa.Chairmen of Permanent Committees—Witness—W. J. Coleman, D. D., Glenshaw, Pa., R. D. 2Temperance—Rev. Paul Coleman, 4202 Adams St., KansasCity, Kansas.International Relations—R. H. Martin, D. D., 3228 SixthAve., Beaver Falls, Pa.Sabbath Schools—Rev. J. G. McElhinney, 1295 South OgdenSt., Denver, Colo.BiCanadadinS_KeV' F' F" Reade' 65° AgMS St-' WinniPeS.Co-ordinating-D H. Elliott, D. D., 1474 McFarland Road,South Hills, Pittsburgh, Pa.

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 181Synod's Board of Trustees— Term ExpiresJ. S. Tibby, J. H. McBurney, T. H. Boyd 1928Oliver Wylie, William Blair, John M. Allen 1929Wm. J. Ward, Robt. M. Young, J. W. Anderson 1930Secretary and Treasurer, J. S. Tibby, 209 Ninth Street,Pittsburgh, Pa.Stated meetings in Treasurer's office on the second Thursdayof February, May, August and November.Foreign Mission Board— Term ExpiresWalter McCarroll, D. D., S. E. Greer, D. D., Rev.F. L. Stewart, Joseph M. Steele, W. J. Beatty 1928M. M. Pearce, D. D., T. M. Slater, D. D., Rev.J. W. F. Carlisle, Rev. R. A. Blair, Evan W.Jones, A. J. Harding 1929F. M. Wilson, D. D., F. M. Foster, Ph. D., J. C.McFeeters, D. D., R. J. Bole, S. R. Boggs 1930Cor. Secretary, F. M. Wilson, D. D., 2410 North MarshallStreet, Philadelphia, Pa.Board of Home Missions— Term ExpiresJ. C. Slater, D. D., D. H. Elliott, D. D., Rev. S. G.Conner, Rev. J. B. Willson, Rev. W. M. Doig 1928R. C. Wylie, LL. D., W. J. Coleman, D. D., R. C.Reed, D. D., William Blair, D. C. Ward 1929Rev. E. L. McKnight, Rev. R. A. Blair, Rev. A.A. Wylie, J. S. Tibby, T. H. Martin 1930Pres. Rev. E. L. McKnight, 3 Allemac Ave., BellevueBranch, Pittsburgh, Pa.Stated meetings 209 Ninth St., Pittsburgh, Pa., on thethird Monday in June, Sept., Nov., Jan., March and May.Jewish Mission Board— Term ExpiresS. E. Greer, D. D., Rev. F. L. Stewart, Mrs. Jos,M. Steele, Ellsworth Jackson, Miss Sarah Archer 1928F. M. Wilson, D. D., R. W. Duncan, Ph. D., SusanWiggins, M. D., John Calderwood, Mrs. J. C.Graham -„-,—;;—„-, 1929Daniel Adams, J. R. McMullan, Mrs. M. S. Metheny,John Crozier 1930Secretary, Susan Wiggins, M. D.Board of Church Erection— Term ExpiresT. M. Slater, D. D., Rev. F. L. Stewart, R. J.Bole, Joseph M. Steele 192F. M. Wilson, D. D., Rev. F. M. Foster, Ph., D., EvanW. Jones -— 1929Walter McCarroll, D. D., S. E. Greer, D. D.,S. R. Boggs 19d0Secretary, S. E. Greer, D. D., 206 South 43rd St., Philadelphia,Pa.

182 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEBoard of Control Term Expires-Rev. D. B. Martin, Thomas Hensleigh 1928J. P. Baird, David Cummings 1929Rev. H. G. Patterson, S. 0. Carson 19300. L. Samson, A. F. Reid 1931Secretary, Rev. H. G. Patterson, Morning Sun, Iowa.Annual meeting second Tuesday of October.Board of Superintendents of Theological Seminary—Term ExpiresR. C. Reed, D. D., Rev. J. B. Willson, Rev. RobertPark, Knox M. Young 1928W. J. Coleman, D. D., M. M. Pearce, D. D., Rev.E. L. McKnight, T. S. Trumbull 1929F. M. Wilson, D. D., Rev. F. M. Foster, Ph. D.,Rev. W. T. K. Thompson, T. H. Martin 1930Secretary, Rev. J. B. Wilson, 810 South Avenue, Wilkinsburgh,Pa.Annual meeting 9:00 a. m. firstTuesday of May.Board of Corporators of Geneva College— Term ExpiresMembers chosen by Synod—Robert A. M. Steele 1928D. H. Elliott, D. D 1929James S. Tibby 1930Members chosen by Corporators—J. R. Wylie, D. D., J. H. McBurney 1928G. M. Robb, D. D., F, M. Wilson, D. D., Rev.J. G. Reed, J. D. McAnlis 1929A. Kilpatrick, D. D., R. C. Wylie, LL. D.,T. H. Boyd, T. S. Trumbull 1930Members appointed by Presbyteries—Ohio, Rev. T. C. McKnightil928Philadelphia, S. E. Greer, D. D 1928Rochester, Rev. J. M. Rutherford 1928Illinois, J. M. Coleman, D. D 1929Iowa, Rev. D. B. Martin 1929Kansas, Rev. E. K. Patton 1929Central Canada, F. F. Reade 1930Colorado, D. C. Mathews, D. DioooNew York, W. J. McKnight, D. D—II"l930Pacific Coast, Rev. Samuel EdgarToonPittsburgh, R. J. G. McKnight, D. D I——11-1930G. M. Robb, D. D., Secretary, 405 East Second St, Bloomington,Indiana.Board of Trustees of Geneva College— Term ExpiresT. M. Slater, D. D., D. H. Elliott, D. D., D C Mathews, D. D., Rev. J. G. Reed, Rev. R. A. BlairDean H L. Smith, Ph. D., J. M. Blackwood, M. D 'W. J. Sterrett, M. D. Joseph M. Steele, J. H Mc­Burney, J. Walker Wilson, R. M. Young MissStormont Mary McKnight, Mrs. J. S.'Tibby, Mrs Mark i!192g

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 183Alumni Business MenCharles Z. Bell, D. D, Charles R. May, Attorney 1928S. C. Milligan, M. D, Eugene S. Hoopes 1929Ross E. Taggart, Judge George A. Baldwin 1930President, R. M. Young, Secretary, Rev. J. G. Reed.Witness Committee— Term ExpiresR. J. G. McKnight, D. D, J. C. Slater, D. D., D. C.Mathews, D. D., Rev. J. B. Willson, T. H. Martin 1928W. J. Coleman, D. D, Rev. E. L. McKnight, OliverWylie 1929Rev. Robert Park, Rev. J. Boyd Tweed, J. H. Mc­Burney, J. S. Tibby 1930W. J. Coleman, D. D, Chairman, Glenshaw, Pa, R. D. 2.Reformed Presbyterian Women's Association—President, Mrs. W. J. Coleman, Glenshaw, Pa, R. D. 2.Cor. Secretary, Mrs. George A. McKee, 2430 PerrysvilleAve, Pittsburgh, Pa.Treasurer, Mrs. Agnes E. Steele, 129 East End Ave, Pittsburgh,Pa.FORM OF BEQUESTI do give and bequeath to the Board of Trustees of theSynod of the Reformed Presbyterian Church of North America, dollars to be credited toendowment (or current account, according to wish of donor) ofthe following schemes:Real EstateI do give and devise and bequeath to the Board of Trusteesof the Synod of the Reformed Presbyterian Church of NorthAmerica its successors and assigns forever, all that certain pieceof land situate in_the proceeds from the same tobe devoted to the endowment (or current account, according tothe wish of the donor) of the following schemes:

184 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEROSTER OF PRESBYTERIESCentral CanadaModeratorRev. H. G. McConaughyClerk and SuppliesRev. F. F. ReadeMinister orCongregation Correspondents AddressDelburne Robert Waddell, Cor. Delburne, Alta, Can.Lake Reno H. G. McConaughy Glenwood, Minn.Regina J. B. Gilmore, S. S. Room 40, Y. M. C. A.Winnipeg F. F. Reade650 Agnes St.Lo TingTak HingDenverGreeleyLa JuntaModeratorClerkChinaChung On TaiChue Hon ShangE. C. MitchellW. M. RobbRev. W. M. RobbRev. E. C. MitchellLo Ting, South ChinaTak Hing, South ChinaTak Hing, South ChinaLo Ting, South ChinaColoradoModerator and Supplies Rev. J. G. McElhinneyClerk D. C. Mathews, D. D.J. G. McElhinneyD. C. MathewsJ. A. Riddering, Cor.H. B. McMillanA. I. Robb1296 South Ogden St.1505 Tenth Avenue701 Carson AvenueGreeley, Colorado5040 Fulton Ave.Van Nuys, Calif.IllinoisModerator George M. Robb, D. D.Clerk j. M. Wylie, D. D.Supplies Rev- w G. RobbBethel M. K. Carson 411 N. Vine St, SpartaBloomington G. M. Robb 405 E. Second StntHalt , L *£• K e Oakdale, 111.Old Bethel W G Robb Houston 111.Princeton J. C. Mitchel, S. S. Princeton, IndSelma'o ^' £oleman Sparta, 111.t £• Kingston 319 Selma Ave.J. K. Robb 203 31st St,Beaver Falls, Pa.

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 185IowaModerator and Supplies.ClerkCongregationChicagoHopkintonMorning SunRehobothSharonVernonWashingtonMin. or Cor.P. J. McDonaldF. E. AllenH. G. PattersonKnox Dunn, Cor.D. B. MartinE. I. Dewey, Cor.O. L. Samson, Cor.W. C. AllenJas. S. McGawKansasModerator Rev. W. O. FergusonClerk_Rev. H. G. Patterson—Rev. D. B. MartinAddress6552 University Ave.Hopkinton, la.Morning Sun, IowaWyman, IowaMorning Sun, R. D.Mukwonago, Wis.Washington, R. D. 4421 Sherman Ave,Cherokee, la.1284 Gilpin St,Denver, Colo.Rev. G. R. SteeleSuppliesRev. D. R. TaggartBeulah J. H. Mearns, Cor. Superior, Nebr.Cache Creek R. C. Adams, S. S. Apache, Okla.Clarinda M. S. McMillan Clarinda, la, R. D. 3.Denison W. O. Ferguson Denison, Kans.Eskridge Paul D. White Eskridge, Kans.Hebron J. R. W. Stevenson Idana, Kans.Kansas City Paul Coleman 4202 Adams St,Kansas City, Kans.Long Branch O. F. Thompson Blanchard, IowaOlathe M. R. Jameson Olathe, Kans.Quinter E. S. Graham, Cor. Quinter, Kans.Stafford Chas. T. Carson, S. S. Sterling, Kans.Sterling G. R. Steele Sterling, Kans.Superior Fulton Chesnut, Cor. Superior, Nebr.Topeka D. R. Taggart 922 Clay St.Winchester E. K. Patton Winchester, Kans.Irving PI. Mis. Under care Topeka Ses.W. W. Carithers Verona, Pa, R. D.Leechburg RoadC. E. Caskey Nicosia, CyprusJ. W. Dill Sterling, Kans.Isaiah Faris New York 1112 W. 8th St, TopekaG. R. McBurney Sterling, Kans.Moderator Rev. Alvin W. SmithA. J. McFarland Latakia, SyiiaClerkRev. Boyd A. WhiteJ. C. Mitchel Princeton, Ind.Supplies Rev. F. M. Foster, Ph. D.Barnesville W. J. Curry, Cor. Barnesville, N. B.Barnet A. W. Smith Groton, Vt.

186 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THECongregationFirst BostonNew York—(Continued)Min. or Cor. AddressW. J. McKnight200 Willow Ave, WestSommerville, Mass.59 Pinckney StreetBovina Center, N. Y.31 Fayette StreetWalden, N. Y.Somerset, Nova Scotia90 Midland Avenue284 Liberty Street1438 Shakespeare Ave.1923 Harrison Ave.T. A. Henderson, Cor.Second Boston J. M. FosterBovina A. M. ThompsonCambridge Geo. S. ColemanColdenham D. Bruce ElseyCornwallis Thomas McFallMontclair T. M. SlaterNewburg J. W. F. CarlisleSec. New York Walter McCarrollThird New YorkF. M. FosterWaltonWhite Lake J. H. Pritchard'J. A. KempfBoyd A. White OhioModeratorClerkWalton, N. Y.White Lake, N. Y.Tak Hing, South ChinaMercer, Pa.Rev. W. J. SandersonRev. J. C. MathewsSuppliesRev. E. M. ElseyBelle Center W. J. Sanderson Belle Center, O.Bellefontaine H. G. Foster Bellefontaine, O.Cedarville M. S. Miss Fannie E. McNeill, Cor, Cedarville, O.Cincinnati E. M. Elsey 212 Calhoun StreetHetherton A. A. Logan, Cor. Johannesburg, Mich.Jonathans Creek T. C. McKnight New Concord, O.New Concord T. C. McKnight New Concord, O.Ray M. S. R. O. Logan, Cor. Ray, IndianaSouthfield J. C. Mathews Birmingham, Mich.United Miami W. J. Sanderson Belle Center, O.Utica D. B. Russell Utica, OhioW. S. Fulton Belle Center, O.R. Hargrave Huntsville, O.R. S. McElhinney Bloomington, Ind.R. W. Piper 5424 Walnut St.Pittsburgh, Pa.T. C. Sproull 619 N. Euclid St,Pittsburgh, Pa.Pacific CoastModeratorRev. W. A. AikinClerk and SuppliesRev. F. D. FrazerFresnoJohn G. Dodds, Cor. Rt. B. Box 442, FresnoHemet W. A. Aikin Hemet, Calif.Los Angeles J. D. Edgar 5615 Irvington PlacePortland F. D. Frazer 1206 Haight Ave.Santa Ana Samuel Edgar 818 S. Flower St.Seattle David Calderwood 1276 East 69th St.George N. Greer720 East 3rd St.,Santa Ana, Calif.J. S. Thompson Hemet, Calif.

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 187PhiladelphiaModerator Findley M. Wilson, D. D.Clerk Samuel E. Greer, D. D.CongregationFirst Phila.Second Phila.Third Phila.OrlandoMin. or Cor.Samuel E. GreerFrank L.StewartFindley M. WilsonWilbur J. McBurneyAddress206 South 43rd St.225 North 17th St.2410 N. Marshall St.Orlando, FloridaPittsburghModerator Rev. E. L. McKnightClerkRev. A. A. WylieSuppliesRev. J. G. ReedAllegheny E. L. McKnight 3 Allemac Ave, BellevueBranch, Pittsb'ghBear Run-Mang John K. Gault Rossiter, Pa.Beaver Falls C. E. Belles, Cor. Pleasant View,Beaver Falls Pa.Brookland R. A. Blair, S. S. Parnassus, Pa.Cen. Allegheny R. C. Reed 204 Langley St, Pitts.College Hill R. W. Redpath 3216 5th Ave,Beaver Falls, Pa.Connellsville J. M. Johnston 832 Morrell AvenueEast End A. A. Wylie 6510 Jackson St.,PittsburghGeneva J. C. Slater 415 31st St,Beaver FallsLittle Beaver J. G. Reed New Galilee, Pa.Mercer W- T. K. Thompson 240 South Erie StreetMiller's RunNew Alexandria Roy C. Fullerton New Alexandria, Pa.New Castle E. A. Crooks 605 Oak StreetNorth Union John Crowe, Cor. Renfrew, Pa.Parnassus R. A. Blair 605 Fifth StreetPittsburgh D. H. Elliott 1474 McFarland Rd,South HillsRehoboth J- T. Mitchell Mosgrove, Pa.Rose Point Paul D. McCracken Portersville, Pa,R. D. 3Union S. A. Sterrett Mars, Pa.Wilkinsburg J- B. Willson 810 South Ave.Youngstown Mrs. C. S. Storier 1059 Parkwood Ave.Robert Clarke 3207 Col. Ave.John ColemanBeaver Falls2915 Col. Ave,Beaver FallsW. J. Coleman Glenshaw, Pa, R. D. 2S. G. Conner McDonald, Pa, R. D. 43. J. Crowe 116 Garfield Ave,J. F. Crozier Rochester New Mills, Castle, Pa. Pa.

188 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THECongregationAlmonteLisbonLochielSyracuseYorkLatakiaPittsburgh—(Continued)Min. or Cor.C. A. DoddsWm. M. DoigA. A. JohnstonA. KilpatrickJ. S. MartinR. H. MartinW. C. McClurkinT. A. McElwainJ. C. McFeetersR. J. MclsaacR. J. G. McKnightRobert ParkM. M. PearceJ. L. PinkertonB. M. SharpJ. S. StewartJ. .Boyd TweedJ. R. WylieR. C. WylieAddress126 Amabell St., Pitts.McDonald, Pa.419 Pearl St.,Wooster, OhioValencia, Pa.3110 Fifth Ave,Beaver Falls3228 Sixth Ave,Beaver Falls310 Lafayette Ave,Pittsburgh, Penn.Rose Point, Pa.324 Dickson Ave,Ben Avon, Pa.Mabry St, Selma, Ala.1311 Singer Place,Wilkinsburg, Pa.315 32nd. St., B. F. Pa.Geneva CollegeBeaver FallsWaupauca, Wisconsin209 9th St, Pitts. Pa.709 N. Mercer St,New Castle, Pa.Darlington Road,Beaver FallsRochesterModerator and Supplies Rev. W.3231M.4thMcNeelAve, B. F. Pa.ClerkRev. J.119M.W.RutherfordMclntyre Ave,J. M. Rutherford Almonte, Pittsburgh, Ontario, Can. Pa.Albert A. Robson, Cor.Lisbon, N. Y.J. R. LatimerE. G. RussellW. M. McNeelWilliam McFarlandLevant MissionKhalil AwadHanna BesnaMikhail LattoofGlen Sanfield, Ontario236 Elk StreetYork, N. Y.222 W. Lafayette St.,SyracuseLatakia, SyriaLatakia, SyriaAlexandretta

-3371142948662221STATISTICS OF CENTRAL CANADA PRESBYTERY FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 1927m a O DECREASE INCREASE MEMBERSHIPCONTRIBUTIONSS cn B tC t. 3Hy 1J "i O > CD a cn |< H u » Z 13 Scn » o c oo o o B cr » a & p3 cn -» jr » A ^*>i o - C IOO rr, 3 y ut o rr o* cn cn ft T res'-i n.3" -iCA oCONGREGA­5 = too a n o to vi a 3- CD0 JiaTIONS: c •*< •< oCO a cn ft cn 53 0 B j. »VI ft nO O

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CONGREGA­TIONSNo. Cong. 9Mis. Stations 2Belle CenterBellefountaine ..Cedarville Cincinnati M. SHethertonJonathan's Creek...New Concord ... _.SouthfieldRay M.SUnited MiamiUticaTotalsSTATISTICS OF OHIO PRESBYTERY FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH JI , 1927Eacncn333436145335DcnpooBcnO-1ris3X3to 3cn 5cn 32175436O DECREASE INCREASE MEMBERSHIPB •J >-3 cn Zyo D o T) -l -td 0 c o cn -iO to o O >• CO B cnT3O oo O C cn O p p D o3 Ui ti o- p P* p y cr Pcr 3CO 0 d- O cn rt cr cn OO O *J cn rs 3 tr 01 to -jo• 21 831 13 6 .... o40 47 20 38 No No2 2 99 18 2 95 23 2 No62 12cn 231 65 11 67 70 12 8 2 80 30 25 No4936549 5 8 2 30 No466 5 10.. 3 1 7 26 10 2 3 5 5 25 465 75 68 7 542 93 1211* Purging roll.+ Adults two.CO£•to"cnoocnCONTRIBUTIONSZ "0 w gp p a cn5' cn a rtB o rt cnP •i_ to p*y cncncnBcno* B.o$ 5 $-t743135251433 545010 1524$ 158 $ 101-3p600 350 $ B 558 $ 1520rt800 40 cn 546 1390•

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STATISTICS OF PHILADELPHIA PRESBYTERY FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 1927DECREASE INCREASE MEMBERSHIPCONTRIBUTIONSc > CD •—i cno loCO3 rr cr/J•>a>atrCONGREGA­£", "• too pj W crtn OlTIONS—i £ Bo tortD*hi ti oUi o I-l UiMUiB*1No. Cong. 4oFirst Philadelphiarr11 12 *3 8610 $3000 1989 $ 3015 $ 8014Second Philad'lphia9 3D 1165724 3 161121 2800 1785 4677 9340Third Philadelphia9 5 ..... 96 25150 3000 5914 17675 16739Orlando Totals 16 22 503 3 8 Hi 1 32 16 8 9 8 41 512 29 71 6 458 99 148 $ 57 $ 181 $10000 1200 $10364 676 $16343 976 2852 $36945•Two adults baptized. tin addition to this the congregation raised for support of a congregational missionary,(home work in community) the sum of $1204No. congs. 5 STATISTICS OF ROCHESTER PRESBYTERY FOR YEAR ENDING MARCH 31, 1927YorkTotal532 44184 652 213 22 56 15412 218 1- - - -1111411 - -2 3 1 31 13 15 4718*712021 59542255 24 1 60 19 155 Yes $ 42 $1 3 1 10 1 No 403 1 125 18 39 40 5 Yes No 285"850 25 Yes 1117 35 3 263 58 126 3 $ 121 $•Corrected rolls. tCorrected list.$ 1100 $ 177 $ 533 $ 1852350 100 40 4906992200 290 1476 349 2443 20 61471200 356 500 2067$ 0 $ 2458 $ 3536 $11255

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REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 199DIRECTORY AND STATISTICS OF THE WOMEN'S SYNOD­ICAL MISSIONARY SOCIETY FOR THE YEARENDING MARCH 31, 1927.Officers of the SynodicalPresident—Mrs. T. M. Slater, 90 Midland Avenue, Montclair,N. J.Vice President at Large—Mrs. Anna Pritchard George, 1105Tribune Building, New York City.Vice Presidents—-Presidents of Presbyterial Societies.Recording Secretary—Mrs. H. A. Calderwood, 919 South NegleyAvenue, Pittsburgh, Pa.Corresponding Secretary—Mrs. D. C. Mathews, 1505 TenthAvenue, Greeley, Colorado.Treasurer—Mrs. James A. Carson, 1248 South St. Bernard St.,West Philadelphia, Pa.Department Secretaries—Foreign Mission—Mrs. F. L. Stewart, 225 North 17th St.,Philadelphia, Pa.Home Missions—Mrs. W. R. Marvin, 613 East 27th St.,Los Angeles, California.Literature and Mission Study—Mrs. M. K. Carson, 411 VineSt., Sparta, 111.Temperance—Mrs. Walker Wilson, Beaver Falls, Pa.Thank Offering—Mrs. R. A. M. Steele, 129 East EndAvenue, Pittsburgh, Pa.Standard of Efficiency—Mrs. J. G. Reed, New Galilee, Pa.Young Women's—Miss Margaret Greer, Monticello, Iowa.Junior Work—Mrs. A. A. Wylie, 6510 Jackson St., Pittsburgh,Pa.Plan of Work—Mrs. Walter McCarroll, 1438 ShakespeareAvenue, New York City.Magazine Editors—Mrs. R. W. Wallace, Fourth Ave., Beaver Falls, Pa.Miss Lillian McKnight, 203 31st Street, Beaver Falls, Pa.Presidents of SocietiesSeparate Societies—Almonte—Mrs. J. M. Rutherford, Almonte, Ontario, Box 3,Canada.Walton—Mrs. Agnes Strangeway, Walton, New York.Winnipeg—Mrs. F. F. Reade, 650 Agnes St. Winnipeg, Man.York—Mrs. W. M. McNeel, York, New York.

200 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEColorado Presbyterial—Denver—Mrs. A. F. Atchison, 608 So. Pearl St., Denver,Colorado.Greeley—Mrs. T. J. Edgar, Greeley, Colo., R. F. D.La Junta—Mrs. J. C. Dodds, 902 Carson Ave., La Junta,Colorado.Denver Y. W. M. S.—Mrs. Anna Linder, 678 So. ClarksonSt., Denver, Colorado.Illinois Presbyterial—Bloomington—Mrs. J. W. Kennedy, Bloomington, Ind.Oakdale—Mrs. J. M. Wylie, Oakdale, 111.Old Bethel—Mrs. W. J. Robb, Houston, 111.Princeton—Mrs. J. C. Mitchel, 728 E. State St., Princeton,Indiana.Selma—Mrs. W. M. Bottoms, Cor. Ninter and Small, Selma,Alabama.Sparta—Mrs. M. K. Carson, 411 Vine St., Sparta, 111.Iowa Presbyterial—Chicago—Mrs. P. J. McDonald, 5552 University Ave., Chicago,Illinois.Hopkinton—Mrs. F. E. Allen, Hopkinton, Iowa.Morning Sun—Mrs. Ella Edgar, Morning Sun, Iowa.Rehoboth—Not reported, Wyman, Iowa.Sharon—Mrs. Robt. Kennedy, Morning Sun, Iowa.Kansas Presbyterial—Beulah—Mrs. Dan Norwood, Bostwick, Nebraska.Blanchard—Mrs. O. F. Thompson, Blanchard, Iowa.Clarinda—Mrs. T. J. Whitehill, 219 So. 18th St., Clarinda, la.Denison—Mrs. W. 0. Ferguson, Denison, Kansas.Eskridge—Mrs. Paul White, Kansas.Hebron—Mrs. J. H. Milligan, Clay Center, Kansas, R. R. 5.Kansas City—Mrs. Paul Coleman, 4212 Adams St., KansasCity, Kansas.Olathe—Mrs. M. R. Jameson, Olathe, Kansas.Quinter—Mrs. Elmer Graham, Quinter, Kansas.Stafford—Mrs. Elma Wilson, St. John, Kansas, R. R. 5.Sterling—Mrs. Bessie Fullerton, Sterling, Kansas.Superior—Mrs. A. W. Gilchrist, Superior, Nebr., R. R. 1.Topeka—Mrs. D. R. Taggart, 922 Clay St., Topeka, Kans.Winchester—Mrs. E. K. Patton, Winchester, Kans.New York Presbyterial—Barnet—Mrs. Herbert Gibson, Groton, Vermont.Bovina—Mrs. John Thomson, Bovina Center, N. Y.Cambridge—Miss Rebecca Carson, 10 Acorn St., Belmont,Mass.Coldenham—Mrs. Grace Arnott, 46 Lutherton St., Newbere,New York. 6'

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 201Montclair—Mrs. Ella P. Christner, 108 Clarmont Ave.,Montclair, New Jersey.1st. Newburgh—Mrs. Geo. Debois, 25 Debois St., Newburg,New York.2nd. New York—Mrs. Walter McCarroll, 1438 ShakespeareAve., New York City.3rd. New York—Miss E. Irvin, 2615 Jerome Ave., Bronx,New York City.Syracuse—Mrs. W. J. R. McFarland, 114 E. Calvin St.,Syracuse, New York.Ohio Presbyterial—Belle Center—Mrs. W. J. Sanderson, Belle Center, Ohio.Bellefontaine—Mrs. H. G. Foster, 301 N. Madriver, Bellefontaine,Ohio.Cincinnati—Mrs. E. M. Elsey, 212 Calhoun St., Cincinnati,Ohio.Hetherton—Anna McKelvey, Johannesburg, Michigan.Johnathans Creek—Miss Bessie George, White Cottage,Ohio.New Concord—Mrs. T. C. McKnight, New Concord, Ohio.Southfield—Mrs. J. C. Mathews, 516 Pierce St., Birmingham,Michigan.United Miami—Mrs. W. J. Sanderson, Belle Center, Ohio.Pacific Coast Presbyterial—Hemet—Mrs. George Bergen, Hemet, Calif., R. D. 1.Los Angeles—Miss Julia Lynn, 613 E. 27th St., Los Angeles,California.Santa Ana—Mrs. Samuel Edgar, 818 S. Flower, Santa Ana.Philadelphia Presbyterial—First Philadelphia—Mrs. S. E. Greer, 206 So. 43rd. St.,Philadelphia, Pa.Second Philadelphia—Miss Jane Peoples, 871 N. 20th. St.,Philadelphia, Pa.Third Philadelphia-^Mrs. Frank Mante, 4673 Adams Ave.,Philadelphia, Pa.Orlando—Mrs. J. D. McKnight, 1233 111. Ave., Orlando, Fla.Pittsburgh Presbyterial—Allegheny—Mrs. J. M. Allen, 2225 St. Luke Square, Pittsburgh,Pa.Bear Run—Mrs. J. K. Gault, Rossiter, Pa.Beaver Falls—Mrs. Ross Prosser, 611 22nd. St., BeaverFalls, Pa.Central Allegheny—Mrs. M. L. Watson, 5424 Walnut St.,Pittsburgh, Pa.Faith Mission and Aid—Ida E. Henzel, Geyer & SomersetSt., Pittsburgh, Pa.College Hill—Mrs. R. W. Redpath, 3216 5th Ave., BeaverFalls, Pa.

202 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THEConnellsville—Mrs. S. E. Fornwalt, Connellsville, StarRoute 117.East End—Mrs. R. A. M. Steele, 129 East End Ave., Pittsburgh,Pa.Geneva—Mrs. Robert Park, 315 32nd St., Beaver Falls, Pa.Little Beaver—Mrs. C. A. Forsythe, New Galilee, R. D. 1.Mahoning—Mrs. Ella Laughrey, Marion Center, Pa.Millers Run—Mrs. Wm. M. Doig, Cecil, Pa., Box 75.New Alexandria—Mrs. E. S. Sproull, New Alexandria, Pa.New Castle—Mrs. J. S. Riley, New Castle, Pa., R. D. 3..care of Dispatch Co.Parnassus—Edith A. Miller, New Kensington, Pa.Pittsburgh—Mrs. Ella Ward, 130 E. Ridge Ave., Crafton,Pa.Slippery Rock—Mrs. Paul McCracken, Rose Point, Pa.Union and Pine Creek—Mrs. W. H. Smith, Valencia, Pa.Wilkinsburg—Mrs. David McFarland, 1423 Center St. Wilkinsburg,Pa.Youngstown—Mrs. C. S. Storier, Parkwood Ave., Youngstown,Pa.Young Women's Missionary Societies.Beaver Falls—Mrs. Ralph Wenthous, 609 Darlington Road,Beaver Falls, Pa.College Hill—Miss Lulu McKinney, 3306 5th. Ave., BeaverFalls, Pa.Jean Barr China—Miss Inez Wickerham, 330 North Ave.,Pittsburgh, Pa.New Castle—Miss Betty Gray, 610 Taylor St., New Castle,Pa.Wilkinsburg—Miss Rhoda M. Beatty, 310 West St., Wilkinsburg,Pa.

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 203STATISTICS OF THESOCIETIES.SOCIETIESSeparate Societies.3aiuig"•3'cn oCfl ih3HO HI"1so e x °r-f IBHrr3O3OHo o3 c-*-2Cc+S'3Almonte 15 9 $ $ 31 $ 58Walton 26 10 16 33 206Winnipeg 17 7 2 121York 19771181037 $ $6864 $ 45335'Colorado Presbytery.Denver 10 5 $Greeley 46 18LaJunta 15 8Denver Y 1081510 26 $855522$ 162 $ 587285 85)199103Illinois Presbytery.Bloomington 39 3 14 $102Oakdale 30 75Old Bethel 15 14 11 91Princeton 10 1 6 1Selma 30 7 3 16Sparta 19 17 12 63Oakdale Y 28 14171 42 46' $362Iowa Presbytery.Chicago 19 2 {27Hopkinton 23 9 370Morning Sun 34 2 16Rehoboth 455Sharon 101 21 39 14 $155$ 4418 544201727$ 175$ 70405840116$ 324$ 550178976957120164$1235$ 1899517372228$ 7578979757780867370

204 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF THESOCIETIESKansas Presbytery.trCDBeulah 14Blanchard 25Clarinda 33Denison 29Eskridge 21Hebron 27Kansas City 23Olathe 39Quinter 41Stafford 10Sterling 50Superior 17Topeka 30Winchester 44403co c3a.54594135HO Ml-1to tr X o*•< "3 2CD rr CD £,3li-i H CO 3 ~CDCD1 Ol18 $ 4012 3027 6715109229910621526125518406524914442636Hrrt»3o3W308148307768308100289052OHo o3 c+C54 199 $60^ $ 642 $2278New York Presbytery.Barnet 16 6 9 $117Bovina 26 13 7 6Cambridge 18 19 6 24Coldenham 14 7 10 54Montclair 11 8 7Newburgh :__ 28First New YorkSecond New York 48 13 33 14Third New York 13 16Syracuse 30 5 15 16176 71 131 $231 Ohio Presbytery.Belle Center 15 2 3 j]Bellefontaine 18 2Cincinnati 16 1Hetherton 14 2 3Jonathans Creek 18New Concord 25 1Southfield 28 3 16United Miami 20 1 5Utica 18 3371023222371820501008750wrrf ,35'0>5105 86106 87249 86127 85217 66164 87152 76304 9093 9026 70244 9594 78226 87171 93$ 143160 64183 83149 80100 85119325 738209 239109 81$ 841 $194027 $ 47 7110 49255 35 5551 13544 90 6374 253 8543 162 9067 177 55172 12 29 $158 $ 346 $1046

REFORMED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 205SOCIETIESHemetLos AngelesSanta AnaPacific Coast Presbytery.33•a g-i, 12 i_ 5737cn oCo 31 £1 3l 1 &3013Expense .LocalOlive TreeTaken1 i6 $ 820 516 48Hcrpo&rtCD3.3$10052OHo pa cr

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