International-Business-Dr-R-Chandran-E-book
International-Business-Dr-R-Chandran-E-book International-Business-Dr-R-Chandran-E-book
40 International Business- Dr. R. Chandran It is also important for companies to understand the significance of different designs and colors in different countries. For example, blue is perceived as feminine in Holland and masculine in widen. Green is favorite color in the Muslim world, but is associated with illness in Malaysia although it is a Muslim country. White indicated death in china and Korea but it is the color of bridal dresses in Europe. Red is associated with danger in many countries but it is a favorite in Russia. Another example is ‘swastika’, which is considered sacred in India, but has completely different connotations in the west. 4. Demography A number of demographic factors such as age, sex ratio, family size and occupation influence the business of many companies. Different companies concentrate on different segments. For example, Barbie generates huge revenues through the children’s segment of affluent countries. 5. Literacy rate Countries with a high literacy rate experience a better standard of living. Here the need is for standardizes goods, supported by technical services. For a country with an educated population, the amount of training required for the staff will be far less than in the case of the country which has a low literacy rate. This is an important factor, as it influences the cost incurred. The ame argument holds in the case of educating the consumer about the products manufactured. 6. Female Workforce The most spectacular change that has taken place in the current era is the empowerment of women throughout the world. In China, Indonesia, Russia and Thailand, women are major contributors to the GDP. With economic independency, women no longer have to depend on men to make decisions about what to buy; they can make their own decisions about whether to purchase any consumer product or durable. Delux, a well known brand of paint in Europe was promoted through campaigns directed at women, because it was felt that women have an aesthetic taste for colors in the household paint segment. The performance of the i-pod of Apple hit the roof in Only for Private Circulation
41 International Business- Dr. R. Chandran terms of revenue generation due to female customers. The female work force is very strong in various sectors in many countries. Examples are: Indian women in IT enabled services and handicrafts, Chinese women in the soft toys and ceramics and Indonesian women in garments and paper work, who have brought great success to their countries. 7. Double Income Families As the household income increases, the demand for the number of products increases proportionately. This is specially true for packaged food items, electronic gadgets, household appliances, health equipment, Japanese entertainment electronics and French perfumes dominate in the whole of Europe and North America. Pizza Express, McDonald and Kentucky Fried Chicken invariably rule the households of double income families throughout the world. 8. Impulse buying Benefit oriented buying is taking place everywhere. Preplanned shopping and scheduled purchases are gradually going away. Throughout the world, people need instant items. They see, ask and buy. It is a major challenge to international businessmen to provide benefits to lure impulse buying. POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT. The political environment in international business operates in different dimensions: 1. The home country political environment; 2. The host country political environment, and 3. The global political environment. 1. Home Country Political Environment In an ideal world, one would not normally expect domestic policies to affect the firm’s international activities. Some countries like the USA encourage their organization to establish activities abroad, especially in their core competency fields. Japan encouraged their electronics and auto companies to spread their activities outside Japan. Domestic Only for Private Circulation
- Page 1 and 2: 1 International Business- Dr. R. Ch
- Page 3 and 4: COMPANY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN REFORM PR
- Page 5 and 6: 5 International Business- Dr. R. Ch
- Page 7 and 8: 7 International Business- Dr. R. Ch
- Page 9 and 10: 4. Diplomatic relations 9 Internati
- Page 11 and 12: 11 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 13 and 14: 10. Legal aspects 11. Investment an
- Page 15 and 16: 15 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 17 and 18: 17 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 19 and 20: LICENSOR LICENSEE PROVIDE THE RIGHT
- Page 21 and 22: Supply International Business- Dr.
- Page 23 and 24: 23 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 25 and 26: 10. MERGERS AND ACQISITIONS 25 Inte
- Page 27 and 28: 12. TURNKEY PROJECTS 27 Internation
- Page 29 and 30: 13. COUNTER TRADE 29 International
- Page 31 and 32: 31 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 33 and 34: 33 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 35 and 36: a) Home country Economy 35 Internat
- Page 37 and 38: 37 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 39: SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT 39 International
- Page 43 and 44: 43 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 45 and 46: 45 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 47 and 48: 47 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 49 and 50: 49 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 51 and 52: 1. POLITICAL RISKS 2. ECONOMIC RISK
- Page 53 and 54: 53 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 55 and 56: 55 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 57 and 58: 57 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 59 and 60: 59 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 61 and 62: FDI Policy Initiatives 61 Internati
- Page 63 and 64: 63 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 65 and 66: 65 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 67 and 68: 67 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 69 and 70: 69 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 71 and 72: 71 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 73 and 74: 73 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 75 and 76: 75 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 77 and 78: Bahrain international Business Cent
- Page 79 and 80: (ACUs). These are operational units
- Page 81 and 82: 6. Essentials of Trade Finance 81 I
- Page 83 and 84: 83 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 85 and 86: RATES TT Selling Rate Exchange Marg
- Page 87 and 88: 87 International Business- Dr. R. C
- Page 89 and 90: 89 International Business- Dr. R. C
41<br />
<strong>International</strong> <strong>Business</strong>- <strong>Dr</strong>. R. <strong>Chandran</strong><br />
terms of revenue generation due to female customers. The<br />
female work force is very strong in various sectors in many<br />
countries. Examples are: Indian women in IT enabled services<br />
and handicrafts, Chinese women in the soft toys and ceramics<br />
and Indonesian women in garments and paper work, who have<br />
brought great success to their countries.<br />
7. Double Income Families<br />
As the household income increases, the demand for the number<br />
of products increases proportionately. This is specially true for<br />
packaged food items, electronic gadgets, household appliances,<br />
health equipment, Japanese entertainment electronics and<br />
French perfumes dominate in the whole of Europe and North<br />
America. Pizza Express, McDonald and Kentucky Fried<br />
Chicken invariably rule the households of double income<br />
families throughout the world.<br />
8. Impulse buying<br />
Benefit oriented buying is taking place everywhere. Preplanned<br />
shopping and scheduled purchases are gradually going<br />
away. Throughout the world, people need instant items. They<br />
see, ask and buy. It is a major challenge to international<br />
businessmen to provide benefits to lure impulse buying.<br />
POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT.<br />
The political environment in international business operates in<br />
different dimensions:<br />
1. The home country political environment;<br />
2. The host country political environment, and<br />
3. The global political environment.<br />
1. Home Country Political Environment<br />
In an ideal world, one would not normally expect domestic policies to<br />
affect the firm’s international activities. Some countries like the USA<br />
encourage their organization to establish activities abroad, especially<br />
in their core competency fields. Japan encouraged their electronics<br />
and auto companies to spread their activities outside Japan. Domestic<br />
Only for Private Circulation