The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org
The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org
;30 THIED DECLENSION. § 1590.—§ 15. EXCEPTIONS IN DECLENSION.THE ACCUSATIVE SINGULAR.1. The following nouns in is have im in the accusative.Aniussis, f., a measure, rule. Ravis, f., a hoarseness.Buris, f., the beam of a plough. Sinapis, f., mustard.Cannabis, £, hemp. Sitis, f., thirst.Cucumis, m., a cucumber. Tussis, £> a cough•Gumrnis, f., gum. Yis, £, strength.Mephitis, f., a strong smell.2. Proper names in is not increasing in the genitive, haveim in the accusative ; viz :Names of cities and other places ; as, Bilbilis, f., a city ofSpain ;Syrtis, f., a quicksand on the coast of Africa.Names of rivers ; as, Tiberis, m., the Tiber ; Boetis, m., theGuadalquivir.Names of gods ; as, Anubis, m. ; Osiris, m., Egyptian deities.Note.These nouns have sometimes in in the accusative.3. The following nouns in is have em or im in the accusativeviz :Aqualis, f., a water pot. Puppis, f., the stern of a ship.Clavis, f., a key. Restis, f., a rope.Cutis, f., the skin. Securis, f., an axe.Pebris, f., a fever. Sementis, £, a sowing.Lens, £, lentiles. StrigHis, f., a curry-comb.Navis, f.j a ship. Turris, f., a tower.Pelvis, f., a bason.Note 1. Puppis, restis, securis, and turris, have generally im; the otherscommonly em. The oldest Latin writers form the accusative of some othernouns in im; as, dvis, auris.4. Nouns which have been adopted from the Greek, sometimesretain a in the accusative ;as, heros, m., a hero, heroa ;Tros, m., a Trojan, Troa. (See No. 13 below.)Note 2. This form of the accusative singular is seldom used by the bestprose writers, and is chiefly confined to proper names, except in aer, m., theair; aether, m., the sky; delp/dn, m., a dolphin; Pan, m., the god of theshepherds, which commonly have aera, aitliera, delpliina, and Pdna.Obs. 1. Many Greek nouns in es have en, as well as em, inthe accusative ; as, Euphraten, Oresten, Pyldden.
§ 15 THIRD DECLENSION. SIABLATIVE SINGULAR.5. Nouns in is, which, have im in the accusative,have i in the ablative ;as, sitis, sitim, siti.But cannabis, Bcctis, sinapis, and Tigris, have e or i.6. Nouns in &9which have em or im in theaccusative, have e or i in the Ablative ;as, cldvn;clave or cldvi.NoU 3. But cutis, and restu, have 6 only ; securis, sementis, and strigilis.seldom have e.7. The following nouns, which have em in the acccusative,have e or i in the ablative ; viz :Ainnis, m., a river. Occiput, n., the hind-head.Anguis, m. and f., a snake. Orbis, nx, a circle.Avis, f., a bird. Pars, £, a, part.Civis, c, a citizen.Postis, m., a door post.Classis, f., a fleet. Pugil, c, a pugilist.Finis, m. and f., an end. Rus, n., the country.Fustis, nx, a staff. Sors, f., a lot.Ignis, m., afire.Imber, m., a shower.Mugil, m., a mullet.Supellex, f., furniture.Unguis, m., a nail.Vectis, m., a lever.Note 4. Finis, mugil, occiput, picgil, rus, supellex, and vectis, have e or iindifferently ;the others much more frequently have e.Obs. 2. Names of towns, when they denote the place in orat which any thing is done, take e or i ; as, Carthagine, orCarthagini.Obs. 3. Canalis, m. or f, a water pipe, has canali only.Likewise names of months in is or er; as, Aprllis, September,Apjrlli, Septembri ; and those nouns in is which were originallyadjectives ;as, cedllis, affinis, bipennis, familiar is, na talis,rivalis, sodalis, volucris, &c. This class of nouns also admitse in the ablative : Budis, f., a rod, and juvenis, c, a youth, havee only.8. The following neuter nouns in al and ar have e in theablative ; viz :Baccar, ladfs glove. Jubar, a sunbeam. Par, a pair.Far, corn. Nectar, nectar. Sal, salt.Obs. 4. Mare, the sea, has the ablative in e or i.
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§ 15 THIRD DECLENSION. SIABLATIVE SINGULAR.5. Nouns in is, which, have im in <strong>the</strong> accusative,have i in <strong>the</strong> ablative ;as, sitis, sitim, siti.But cannabis, Bcctis, sinapis, and Tigris, have e or i.6. Nouns in &9which have em or im in <strong>the</strong>accusative, have e or i in <strong>the</strong> Ablative ;as, cldvn;clave or cldvi.NoU 3. But cutis, and restu, have 6 only ; securis, sementis, and strigilis.seldom have e.7. <strong>The</strong> following nouns, which have em in <strong>the</strong> acccusative,have e or i in <strong>the</strong> ablative ; viz :Ainnis, m., a river. Occiput, n., <strong>the</strong> hind-head.Anguis, m. and f., a snake. Orbis, nx, a circle.Avis, f., a bird. Pars, £, a, part.Civis, c, a citizen.Postis, m., a door post.Classis, f., a fleet. Pugil, c, a pugilist.Finis, m. and f., an end. Rus, n., <strong>the</strong> country.Fustis, nx, a staff. Sors, f., a lot.Ignis, m., afire.Imber, m., a shower.Mugil, m., a mullet.Supellex, f., furniture.Unguis, m., a nail.Vectis, m., a lever.Note 4. Finis, mugil, occiput, picgil, rus, supellex, and vectis, have e or iindifferently ;<strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>rs much more frequently have e.Obs. 2. Names <strong>of</strong> towns, when <strong>the</strong>y denote <strong>the</strong> place in orat which any thing is done, take e or i ; as, Carthagine, orCarthagini.Obs. 3. Canalis, m. or f, a water pipe, has canali only.Likewise names <strong>of</strong> months in is or er; as, Aprllis, September,Apjrlli, Septembri ; and those nouns in is which were originallyadjectives ;as, cedllis, affinis, bipennis, familiar is, na talis,rivalis, sodalis, volucris, &c. This class <strong>of</strong> nouns also admitse in <strong>the</strong> ablative : Budis, f., a rod, and juvenis, c, a youth, havee only.8. <strong>The</strong> following neuter nouns in al and ar have e in <strong>the</strong>ablative ; viz :Baccar, ladfs glove. Jubar, a sunbeam. Par, a pair.Far, corn. Nectar, nectar. Sal, salt.Obs. 4. Mare, <strong>the</strong> sea, has <strong>the</strong> ablative in e or i.
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