The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org
The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org
—318 PROSODY.—VERSIFICATION. §162850 —Simple feet of three Syllables.TribrachMolossusDactylAnapaestBacchiusAntibacchiusAmphibrachAniphimacerasasasasasasasasfacere.contendunt.corpora,dominl.dolores.Romanus.honore.charitas.851.ChoriambusAntispastusIonic a majoreIcn ; « a minoreFirst PaeonSecond PaeonThird PaeonFourth PaeonFirst Epi triteSecond EpitriteThird EpitriteFourth EpitriteProceleusmaticusDispondee•DiiambusDitrocheeCompound feetpontif Icesamabatisof four Syllables.•calcaribusproperabanttemporibuspotentiaanimatusceleritasvoluptatesconditoresdiscordiasadduxistishominibusoratoresamaverantCantilena852.—ISOCHRONOUS FEET.Trochee and Iambus.Iambus and Trochee.Spondee and Pyrrhic.Pyrrhic and Spondee.Trochee and Pyrrhic.Iambus and Pyrrhic.Pyrrhic and Trochee.Pyrrhic and Iambus.Iambus and Spondee.Trochee and Spondee.Spondee and Iambus.Spondee and Trochee.Two Pyrrhics.Two Spondees.Two Iambi.Two Trochees.1. In every foot, a long syllable is equal in time to two short ones. Toconstitute feet Isochronous, two things are necessary : 1st. That they havethe same time : 2d. That they be interchangeable in metre.2. Feet have the same time which are measured by an equal numberof short syllables ; thus, the Spondee, Dactyl, Anapaest, and Proceleusmaticus,have the same time, each being equal to .four short syllables.3. Feet are interchangeable in metre, when the ictus or stress of thevoice falls, or may fall, on the same portion of the foot. The part of thefoot that receives the ictus, is called arsis, or elevation ; the rest of thefoot is termed thesis, or depression.4. The natural place of the arsis, is the long syllable of the foot. Hence,in the Iambus, it fails on the second syllable, and in the Trochee, on thefirst. Its place in the Spondee and Tribrach cannot be determined by thefeet themselves, each syllable being of the same length.5. In all kinds of verse, the fundamental foot determines the place ofthe arsis for the other feet admitted into it ; thus, in Dactylic verse, andTrochaic verse, the Spondee will have the arsis on the first syllable ;—inAnapaestic and Iambic, on the last. In Trochaic verse, the tribrach willhave the arsis on the first syllable, s_/^ w, in Iambic on the second.
§163 PROSODY.—METRE. 3196. Those feet, then, accordiDg to the ancients, were called isochronous^which were capable of being divided into parts that were equal in time,so that a short syllable should correspond to a short ; and a long to along, or to two short ; thus, in Iambic aud Trochaic verse.Iambus ^ — Trochee —Tribrach vTribrach w wIn Dactylic and Anapaestic ;Dactyl —Spondee -thus,Anapaest^ ^Spondee —853.—But feet which cannot be divided in this manner, are not isochronous,though they have the same time ;thus, the Iambus and Trochee,though equal in time, cannot be divided so as to have the correspondingparts of equal length ;thus,Iambus,^Trochee, —854.—Hence these feet are not interchangeable, or isochronous ; andfor this reason a Trochee is never admitted into Iambic verse nor anIambus into Trochaic. The same is true of the Spondee, ( ) andAmphibrach ( ^ — ^ ), and of the Amphibrach with the Dactyl orAnapaest855.—§ 163. OF METRE.1. Metre, in its general sense, means an arrangement of syllables andfeet in verse, according to certain rules ; and, in this sense, applies, notonly to an entire verse, but to part of a verse, or to any number of verses.A metre, in a specific sense, means a combination of two feet (sometimescalled a syzygy), and sometimes one foot only.The distinction between rhythm and metre is this :—the former refersto the time only, in regard tc which, two short syllables are equivalent toone long ; the latter refers both to the time and the order of the syllables.The rhythm of an anapaest and dactyl is the 'same; the metre different.The term rhythm, is also understood in a more comprehensive sense, andis applied to the harmonious construction and enunciation of feet and wordsin connection ; thus, a line has rhythm when it contains any number ofmetres of equal time, without regard to their order. Metre requires acertain number of metres, and these arranged in a certain oi der. Thus,in this line,Panditur interea domus omnipotentisOlympi,there is both rhythm (as it contains six metres of equal value in respectof time) and metre, as these metres are arranged according to the canor
- Page 265 and 266: —§ 139 SYNTAX.—MOODS. 267and c
- Page 267 and 268: ;—;g 1-JtO SYNTAX,—MOODS. 269EX
- Page 269 and 270: —§ 141 SYNTAX.—MOODS. 271an in
- Page 271 and 272: ———§ 141 SYNTAX.—MOODS. 27
- Page 273 and 274: §142-3 SYNTAX.—MOODS. 275.its pa
- Page 275 and 276: ——;;§ 144 SYNTAX.—MOODS. 277
- Page 277 and 278: ——§ 145 SYNTAX.—MOODS. 279on
- Page 279 and 280: —§ 145 SYNTAX.—MOODS. 2811st.
- Page 281 and 282: ———'§ 146 SYNTAX.—THE CASE
- Page 283 and 284: § 147 SYNTAX.—GERUNDS. 285the ve
- Page 285 and 286: ——§ 148 % SYNTAX.—SUPINES. 2
- Page 287 and 288: ——§149 SYNTAX.—CONJUNCTIONS.
- Page 289 and 290: ——§ 151 SYNTAX.—LATIN ARRANG
- Page 291 and 292: —;;§ 151 SYNTAX.—LATIN ARRANGE
- Page 293 and 294: —;—§ 152 SYNTAX.—ANALYSIS. 2
- Page 295 and 296: § 152 SYNTAX.—ANALYSIS. 297or pr
- Page 297 and 298: ——§ 152 SYNTAXanalysis!29SThe
- Page 299 and 300: —::———;§ 153 SYNTAX.—ANA
- Page 301 and 302: § 153 SYNTAX.—PARSING. 303ad Pre
- Page 303 and 304: —§ 155 PROSODY.—QUANTITY. 30O3
- Page 305 and 306: ————§ 157 PROSODY.—QUANT
- Page 307 and 308: ————;§ 158 PROSODY.—QUAN
- Page 309 and 310: ;§ 159 PKOSODY.—QUANTITY. 3115.
- Page 311 and 312: —g 160 PROSODY.—QUANTITY. 313Ru
- Page 313 and 314: —§161 PROSODY.—QUANTITY. 315si
- Page 315: ———§ 162 PROSODY.—VERSIFIC
- Page 319 and 320: :;|:§ 164 PROSODY.—METRE. 321THE
- Page 321 and 322: dantenabrachiatollunt.—§ 164 POS
- Page 323 and 324: nasJanenasPyrrhadiveantra|quernCypr
- Page 325 and 326: an:emen-Inform,'mantnesnoresam|gens
- Page 327 and 328: BacchumjCum§169 PROSODY.—METRE.
- Page 329 and 330: :;331APPENDIX.1. ROMAN COMPUTATION
- Page 331 and 332: ——:—ROMAN COMPUTATION OF TIME
- Page 333 and 334: :—:DIVISIONS OF THE ROMAN PEOPLE.
- Page 335 and 336: ———ROMAN MONEY—WEIGHTS—AN
- Page 337 and 338: .KOMAN MONEY—WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
- Page 339 and 340: :APPENDIX. 341ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION
- Page 341 and 342: :;APPENDIX. 3433. A single consonan
- Page 343 and 344: TEXT BOOKSFOR SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES,
- Page 345 and 346: :;:Farmer, Brace 4- Co's Publicatio
- Page 347 and 348: Farmer, Brace
- Page 349 and 350: :Farmer, Brace
- Page 354: a\-> t^^ v>Deacidified using the Bo
—318 PROSODY.—VERSIFICATION. §162850 —Simple feet <strong>of</strong> three Syllables.TribrachMolossusDactylAnapaestBacchiusAntibacchiusAmphibrachAniphimacerasasasasasasasasfacere.contendunt.corpora,dominl.dolores.Romanus.honore.charitas.851.ChoriambusAntispastusIonic a majoreIcn ; « a minoreFirst PaeonSecond PaeonThird PaeonFourth PaeonFirst Epi triteSecond EpitriteThird EpitriteFourth EpitriteProceleusmaticusDispondee•DiiambusDitrocheeCompound feetpontif Icesamabatis<strong>of</strong> four Syllables.•calcaribusproperabanttemporibuspotentiaanimatusceleritasvoluptatesconditoresdiscordiasadduxistishominibusoratoresamaverantCantilena852.—ISOCHRONOUS FEET.Trochee and Iambus.Iambus and Trochee.Spondee and Pyrrhic.Pyrrhic and Spondee.Trochee and Pyrrhic.Iambus and Pyrrhic.Pyrrhic and Trochee.Pyrrhic and Iambus.Iambus and Spondee.Trochee and Spondee.Spondee and Iambus.Spondee and Trochee.Two Pyrrhics.Two Spondees.Two Iambi.Two Trochees.1. In every foot, a long syllable is equal in time to two short ones. Toconstitute feet Isochronous, two things are necessary : 1st. That <strong>the</strong>y have<strong>the</strong> same time : 2d. That <strong>the</strong>y be interchangeable in metre.2. Feet have <strong>the</strong> same time which are measured by an equal number<strong>of</strong> short syllables ; thus, <strong>the</strong> Spondee, Dactyl, Anapaest, and Proceleusmaticus,have <strong>the</strong> same time, each being equal to .four short syllables.3. Feet are interchangeable in metre, when <strong>the</strong> ictus or stress <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>voice falls, or may fall, on <strong>the</strong> same portion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> foot. <strong>The</strong> part <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>foot that receives <strong>the</strong> ictus, is called arsis, or elevation ; <strong>the</strong> rest <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>foot is termed <strong>the</strong>sis, or depression.4. <strong>The</strong> natural place <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> arsis, is <strong>the</strong> long syllable <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> foot. Hence,in <strong>the</strong> Iambus, it fails on <strong>the</strong> second syllable, and in <strong>the</strong> Trochee, on <strong>the</strong>first. Its place in <strong>the</strong> Spondee and Tribrach cannot be determined by <strong>the</strong>feet <strong>the</strong>mselves, each syllable being <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> same length.5. In all kinds <strong>of</strong> verse, <strong>the</strong> fundamental foot determines <strong>the</strong> place <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> arsis for <strong>the</strong> o<strong>the</strong>r feet admitted into it ; thus, in Dactylic verse, andTrochaic verse, <strong>the</strong> Spondee will have <strong>the</strong> arsis on <strong>the</strong> first syllable ;—inAnapaestic and Iambic, on <strong>the</strong> last. In Trochaic verse, <strong>the</strong> tribrach willhave <strong>the</strong> arsis on <strong>the</strong> first syllable, s_/^ w, in Iambic on <strong>the</strong> second.