The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org
The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org
—212 SYNTAX.—ADJECTIVE. § 98Exceptions.278. Exc. 1. An adjective is often put in a different genderor number from the substantive with which it is connected,tacitly referring to its meaning rather than to its form,or to some other word synonymous with it, or impliedin it ; as,Latium Capuaque agro mulct ati, "Latiurn and Capua were deprivedof their land," i. e., the people of Latium, cfec. ; Capita conjurationis virgisc ce s i,— " the heads (i. e., the leading men) of the conspiracy, &c."is279. Exc. 2. A collective noun in the singular, if its verbplural, has an adjective in the plural, and in the gender ofthe individuals which form the collection ;Pars in flymen aeti sunt, "A part were forced into the river."Sometimes it takes the gender of the individual in the singular ; as, p a r s&c.arduus fur it,280. Exc. 3. A plural noun or pronoun, used to denote one person, incomic writers, sometimes has an adjective or participle in the singular ; as,Nobis presente, " I being present."281.— Exc. 4. The adjective pronouns uterque, quisque,
———;SYNTAX.—RELATIVE. 2 J 3§ 99. THE RELATIVE AND ANTECEDENT.284.agrees with itsperson ; as,Rule III. The relative qui, quce, quod,antecedent in gender, number, andEgo qui scrlbo,Tu qui legis,Vir qui loquitur,Viri qui loquuntur,I who "write.Thou who readest.The man who speaks.The men who speak.285.—EXPLANATION.—The antecedent is the noun or pronoun goingbefore the relative to which it refers. Sometimes, however, the relative andits clause are placed before the antecedent and its clause.The infinitive mood or a part of a sentence is sometimes the antecedent,in which case the relative must be in the neuter gender.OBSERVATION'S.286.— Obs. 1. Strictly speaking, the relative does not agreewith the antecedent, hut with the same word expressed orunderstood after the relative, and with which, like the adjective,it agrees in gender, number, and case, as well as person,thus, diem dlcnnt, qua (die), &c, " they appoint a clay, onwhich (day)," &c. Hence, in connecting the antecedent andrelative clause, the following variety of usage occurs, viz :1st The word to which the relative refers, is commonly expressed in theantecedent clause, and not with the relative; as. Vir sapit quipauca loquitur, " He is a wise man, who speaks little."2d. It is often elegantly omitted in the antecedent clause, and expressedwith the relative, especially when the relative clause stands first;as, In quem prlmuni egressi sunt locum, Troja vocdtur, i. e., locusin quem,
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—212 SYNTAX.—ADJECTIVE. § 98Exceptions.278. Exc. 1. An adjective is <strong>of</strong>ten put in a different genderor number from <strong>the</strong> substantive with which it is connected,tacitly referring to its meaning ra<strong>the</strong>r than to its form,or to some o<strong>the</strong>r word synonymous with it, or impliedin it ; as,Latium Capuaque agro mulct ati, "Latiurn and Capua were deprived<strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir land," i. e., <strong>the</strong> people <strong>of</strong> Latium, cfec. ; Capita conjurationis virgisc ce s i,— " <strong>the</strong> heads (i. e., <strong>the</strong> leading men) <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> conspiracy, &c."is279. Exc. 2. A collective noun in <strong>the</strong> singular, if its verbplural, has an adjective in <strong>the</strong> plural, and in <strong>the</strong> gender <strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> individuals which form <strong>the</strong> collection ;Pars in flymen aeti sunt, "A part were forced into <strong>the</strong> river."Sometimes it takes <strong>the</strong> gender <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> individual in <strong>the</strong> singular ; as, p a r s&c.arduus fur it,280. Exc. 3. A plural noun or pronoun, used to denote one person, incomic writers, sometimes has an adjective or participle in <strong>the</strong> singular ; as,Nobis presente, " I being present."281.— Exc. 4. <strong>The</strong> adjective pronouns uterque, quisque,