The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org

—210 SYNTAX.—ADJECTIVE. § 98Naves et captlvi qt ce ad Chium The ships and captives which werecapta sunt,taken at Chios.Numtdce atque mditaria signa obs- The JSTumidians and their militarycurdti su?it,standards were partially concealed.Also, the neuter is used frequently when the nouns denotingthings are of the same gender ; as, Postquam Ira et avaritiaimperio potentibra erant. Liv.268. Obs. 4. Sometimes, however, the adjective agreeswith the nearest noun, and is understood to the rest; as,sociis et rege recepto, Virg., " Our companions and kingbeingrecovered."Note 1.—These observations may, and sometimes do, hold good, evenwhen one or more of the substantives are in the ablative, and connectedwith the others by cum ; as, Filiam cum fllio accltos.269.— Obs. 5. When the substantive to which the adjective,or adjective pronoun, belongs may be easily supplied, it isfrequently omitted, and the adjective, assuming its gender,number, and case, is often used as a substantive, and mayhave an adjective agreeing with it; as,Mortalis (homo), a mortal.Superi (dii), the gods above.Dextra (manus), the right hand.Sinistra (manus), the left hand.llle (homo), he.Mi (homines), they.Hie (liomo), he.Haze (femina), she.Omnia alia, all other (things). Familiaris mens (a?nlcus), my intimatefriend.270.— Obs. 6. The adjective, especially when used as apredicate, without a substantive or definite object, is used inthe neuter gender ; as,Tr iste lupus stabulis, The wolf is grievous to the folds.Vacdre culpa est suave, To be free from blame is pleasantLabor vincit o m n i a,Labor overcomes all obstacles.271.— Obs. 7. Imperatives, infinitives, adverbs, clauses, andwords considered merely as such, when used substantively,take an adjective in the neuter gender (30); as,Supremum vale dixit, Ovid, He pronounced a last farewell,Cr as istud quando venit, Mart., When does that to-morrow come ?Excepto quod non simul esses, That you viere not present beingHor.,excepted.