The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org

204 SYNTAX. § 94PART THIRD.243.—Syntax is§ 94. SYNTAX.that part of Grammar whichtreats of the proper arrangement and connectionof words in a sentence.1. A sentence is such an assemblage of words as makes complete sense;as, Man is mortal.2. A phrase is two or more words rightly put together, but not makingcomplete sense ; as, in truth, in a word.3. Sentences are of two kinds, simple and compound.4. A simple sentence contains only a single affirmation; as, Life isshort.5. A compound sentence contains two or more simple sentences connectedtogether ;as, Life, which is short, should be well employed.6. Every simple sentence consists of two parts, the subject and the predicate.7. The subject is that of which something is affirmed. It is either inthe nominati ve case before a finite verb, or in the accusative before theinfinitive.8. The predicate is that which is affirmed of the subject. It is eithercontained in the verb itself ; as, John reads ; or it consists of an intransitiveverb, with an adjective or noun following it; as, Time is short ; theybecame poor ; he is a scholar. An. and Pr. Gr., 594.9. Both the subject and predicate may be attended by other wordscalled adjuncts, which serve to restrict or modify the meaning of the wordwith which they may stand connected; as, "An inordinate desire of admiration,often produces a contemptible levity of deportment."10. Y/hen a compound sentence is so framed that the meaning is suspendedtill the whole be finished, it is called a period.11. The analysis of sentences is the same in Latin as inEnglish. See § 152, and " Analytical and Practical EnglishGrammar/' 591—657.