The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org

—118 THE VERB.—SUM. § 55present indicative, active, first person singular, "I am f— Fuit, verb intransitive,irregular, found in the perfect indicative, active, third personsingular : definite, " he has been f indefinite, " he was."*Est, erat, erit, fueram, fuerim, fuero, sit, esset, fuisti, fuimus,fuerunt, fuere, erunt, shit, siimus, erant, essent, firissent,esse, esto, sunto, fuisse, es, eras, fueras, fuistis, futurus esse,futurus, sint, &c, ad libitum,2. Translate the following English words into Latin, naming the part ofthe verb used; thus,— "I will be," ero, in -the future indicative, active, firstperson singular. The Latin word for /, thou, he, we, you, they, to be omittedor inserted at pleasure.!We are, they were, you have been, thou hast been, theywill be, he may be, I shall have been, to be, be thou, let thembe, about to be, to be about to be, we should be, we shouldhave been, I may have been, they will have been, they mayhave been, they have been, you were, thou wast, he is, theyare, &c, ad libitum,3. The verb sum forms the copula connecting the subject and the predicatein a simple proposition, the predicate of which is not a verb.Thusin the proposition: "Man is mortal," man is the subject* mortal, the predicate; and is, the copula. With the verb sum as a copula in differenttenses, and the exercises § 23-1, form simple sentences ;thus, cdsa est {erat,fuit, &q.) parva, "the cottage is, (was, has been, (fee.) small;" plural, cascesunt parvce, " the cottages are small."In this way, translate into English the following propositions (see p. 56)Poeta erat elarus,—opus magnum erit,—nubes densae sunt,—aestascallida fuit,—urbs antiqua fait,—&c.Translate the following English sentences into Latin :Life is short,—the day was clear,—the boys are docile,the shepherd will be faithful,—the apples are sweet,—&c.* Tn these and all following exercises on the verb, it will be of great importanee, in order to form habits of accuracy, and as a preparation for futunexercises in translating and parsing, to require the pupil, in this manner, t(state every thing belonging to a verb, in the order here indicated, or in anjother the teacher may direct, always, however, observing the same ; andalso, for the saving of time and unnecessary labor, to state them in the fewestwords possible, and without waiting to have every word drawn from him byquestions. Let it be observed, also, that the term active here has no referenceto the class of the verb, but only to its form, being that of the active voice. 136-2.f N. B. It will be a profitable exercise to require each pupil to write outthe Latin for these and other English words that may be dictated,—carefullyto mark the quantity of long and short vowels, and to pronounce them corwritten.