The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org

;§ 53 THE VERB.—FORMATION OF TENSES. 11317. The Gerund is formed from the present indicative bychanging,o, in the 1st Conjugation, into andum; as, drn-o, am-andum.eo, " 2d " into endum; as, mon-eo, mon-endum,7o, " 3d and 4th "e^' 7 ^' n.'>into endum; as, \ J7? l%.''/ audi-o, audi-endum.18. The Forme)- Supine is a primary part of the verb.19. The Latter Supine is formed from the former by droppingm; as, amatum, amdtu; monitum, monitu.186.—§ 53. FORMATION OF THE TENSES IN THEPASSIVE VOICE.1. In the Indicative mood, the present passive is formedfrom the present active by adding r; as, amo, timor; moneo,moneor, &c. ;—the imperfect and the future passive, from thesame tenses in the active voice, by changing m into r; as,amdbam, amdbar;—or adding r to bo; as, monebo, monebor, &c.2. In the Subjunctive mood, the present and the imperfectpassive are formed from the same tenses in the active voice,by changing m into r; as, dmem, aimer; moneam, monear, &c.3. The perfect, pluperfect, and future-perfect indicative, andthe perfect and pluperfect subjunctive, are compound tenses,made up of the perfect participle passive, and the verb sumas an auxiliary, as exhibited in the paradigm of these tenses.4. The Imperative passive, in all verbs, is formed by addingre to the imperative active ; as, ama, amdre ; mbne, monere, &c.Hence, the imperative passive is like the present infinitiveactive.5. The Present Infinitive passive is formed from the presentinfinitive active, by changing re in the first, second, and fourthconjugations, into ri ; as, amct-re, amd-ri ; mone-re, mone-riaudi-re, audl-ri ; and by changing ere in the third conjugationinto i ; as, reg-ere, reg-i. But arcesso has arcessiri.The Perfect Infinitive is a compound tense, made up of theperfect participle, and esse ovfuisse prefixed; as, esse or fuisseamdtus, a, um, &c.