The principles of Latin grammar; comprising the ... - Essan.org

*;§ 49 THE VERB.—PARTICIPLES. 1076. The future passive participle in dus, sometimes expressesbare futurity ; as, his (scil. ventis) quoque habendum a'erapermlsit, " to these also, he gave the region of the air to bepossessed." But, in conjunction with the verb sum, and frequentlyalso in other constructions, it denotes necessity, propriety,or obligation, and hence, by inference, futurity ; as,Delenda est Carthago, " Carthage must be destroyed.'' Factanarrabas dissimulanda tibi, " you were relating facts which youshould have concealed."7. The participle in dus, of transitive verbs, is often used inthe oblique cases, in the sense of the gerund. Thus used, it iscalled a Gerundive participle, and agrees with its substantivein gender and number, and both take the case which thegerund would have in the same place ; thus, tempus petendwpads, by the gerund, is petendi pacem, " time of seekingpeace ;" rerum repetimdarum causa, " for the sake of demandingredress ;" by the gerund, repetundi res.JVote 2.—Gerunds and gerundives of the third and fourth conjugations,often have undus,