PDF - Wallace Online

INDEX 489Prosthemadera in the Auckland isles,408Protection, various modes in whichanimals obtain it, 50, 51, 136greater need of, in female insectsand birds, 80Protective colouring, theory of, 47Protective colours, theory of, 360Psittaci (Parrots), sexual colouringand nidification of, 126Psittacula diopthalma, sexual differenceof colour of, 353Pterosauria, 164Pterylography, 332Ptychoderes, 67Pyramid, the great, 430the great, indicates an earliercivilisation, 431Pythons, 304BABBITS, why white-tailed, 368Races of man, origin of, 178Rainbow, how described by ancientwriters, 413Rainfall at London and Batavia, diagramof, 228greatest recorded at Batavia, 235Raphia tsedigera, 249Rattan-palms, 249Recognition, use of diversity ofcolour as a means of, 154 (note)aided by colour, 367Redbreast and wood-pigeon, protectivecolouring of, 40Redstart, imitating notes of chaffinchand blackcap, 105Reed, Mr. ,on humming-birds in JuanFernandez, 328Reeks, Mr. Henry, on change of nestinghabits in the herring-gull, 115Representative groups, 8of trogons, butterflies, etc., 10Reptiles, protective colouring of, 40abundant in tropics, 301Rhamphastidse, sexual colouring andnidification of, 125Rhamphococcyx, 297Rhinoceros, ancestral types of, 165Ring-doves building nests in confinement,110River system, as illustrating selfadaptation,149Rudimentary organs, 17SALVIN, Mr. Osbert, on a case of birdmimicry, 75on the pugnacity of hummingbirds,319, 380Saturnia pavonia - minor, protectivecolouring of larva of, 46Sauba ant, 282Sauropterygia, 164Savages, why they become extinct,177undeveloped intellect of, 190, 192intellect of, compared with thatof animals, 192, 193protect their backs from rain, 196Saxifraga longi folia, 404S. cotyledon, S. oppositifolia, 404Scansorial birds, nests of, 123Scaphura, 70Science, debt of, to Darwin, 450Scopulipedes, brush-legged bees, 65Scorpions, 291Screw-pines, 255Scudder, Mr., on fossil insects, 165Scutelleridae, mimicked by Longicorns,69Scythrops, 297Seedling plants, Darwin's observationson, 467Seeds, how protected, 399vitality of, in salt water determinedby Darwin, 469experiments on transmission of,by birds, 469Sensitive -plants, 262Sesia bombilif'ormis, 64Sesiidae, mimic Hymenoptera, 64Sexes, comparative importance of, indifferent classes of animals, 78of butterflies differently colouredfor recognition, 367Sexual colours, 352theory of, 364Sexual selection, its normal action todevelop colour in both sexes, 129among birds, 154not a cause of colour, 369neutralised by natural selection,378Shell-mounds, ancient, in Maine, 435ancient, in Florida, 436ancient, on Lower Mississippi, 436ancient, at San Pablo, California,436