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394 TROPICAL NATUREzones ;while, estimated potentially, in proportion to their lifesustainingpower, the lands which enjoy a practically tropicalclimate (extending as they do considerably beyond the geographicaltropics) are very much larger than the temperateregions of the earth.Combining the effects of all these various causes, we arequite able to understand the superiority of the tropical partsof the globe, not only in the abundance and variety of theirforms of life, but also as regards the ornamental appendagesand vivid coloration which these forms present
VITHE COLOURS OF PLANTS AND THE ORIGIN OFCOLOUR-SENSETHESource of Colouring Matter in Plants Protective Coloration and Mimicryin Plants Attractive Colours of Fruits Protective Colours ofFruits Attractive Colours of Flowers Attractive Odours in FlowersAttractive Grouping of Flowers Why Alpine Flowers are so beautifulWhyAllied Species of Flowers differ in size and beauty Absenceof Colour in Wind-fertilised Flowers The same Theory of Colourapplicable to Animals and Plantsand their GeographicalAction of LightRelation of the Colours of FlowersDistribution Recent Views as to Directon the Colours of Flowers and Fruits On the Originof the Colour-sense: Supposed increase of Colour-perception withinthe Historical Period Concluding Remarks on the Colour-sense.Source of Colouring Matter in PlantsTHE colouring of plants is neither so varied nor so complexas that of animals, and its explanation accordingly offersfewer difficulties. The colours of foliage are, comparatively,little varied, and can be traced in almost all cases to a specialpigment termed chlorophyll, to which is due the general greencolour of leaves ;but the recent investigations of Mr. Sorbyand others have shown that chlorophyll is not a simple greenpigment, but that it really consists of at least seven distinctsubstances, varying in colour from blue to yellow and orange.These differ in their proportions in the chlorophyll of differentplants ; they have different chemical reactions ; they aredifferently affected by light ;and they give distinct spectra.Mr. Sorby further states that scores of different colouringmatters are found in the leaves and flowers of plants, to someof which appropriate names have been given, as erythrophyll,which is red ;and phaiophyll, which is brown ; and many of
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NATURAL SELECTION. First Edition 18
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PREFACEALTERATIONS IN THE SECOND ED
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CONTENTSof Protective Colouring Obj
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CONTENTSTEOPICAL NATURE AND OTHER E
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CONTENTSof Flowers and their Geogra
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ON THE LAW WHICH HAS REGULATED THE
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THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIESexpl
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THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIEScomm
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THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIEShave
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THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIESread
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i THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIES 1
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'INTRODUCTORY NOTE TO CHAPTER II 21
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ii ON THE TENDENCY OF VARIETIES, ET
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in PROTECTIVE RESEMBLANCES AMONG AN
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PROTECTIVE RESEMBLANCES AMONG ANIMA
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in PROTECTIVE EESEMBLANCES AMONG AN
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IVON INSTINCT INMAN AND ANIMALSTHE
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ON INSTINCT IN MAN AND ANIMALSconti
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iv ON INSTINCT IN MAN AND ANIMALS 9
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iv ON INSTINCT IN MAN AND ANIMALS 9
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THE PHILOSOPHY OF BIRDS' NESTSDo Me
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v THE PHILOSOPHY OF BIRDS' NESTS 10
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thev THE PHILOSOPHY OF BIRDS' NESTS
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 119Chan
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 121thei
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 123whil
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 125the
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'vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 12720.
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A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTSnatural phe
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 131most
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 133Real
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 135form
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 137of c
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 139ence
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VIICREATION BY LAW 1AMONG the vario
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vii CREATION BY LAW 143the whole or
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CREATION BY LAW 145occur to him as
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CREATION BY LAW 147inches, and was
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vii CREATION BY LAW 149the growth o
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vii CREATION BY LAW 161navigable ri
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vii CREATION BY LAW 153sifted, and
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CREATION BY LAW 155ments of beauty
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CREATION BY LAW 157met with. On thi
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CREATION BY LAW 159determined at th
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vii CREATION BY LAW 161cannot be fu
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CREATION BY LAW 163into a gull with
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CREATION BY LAW 165the Eocene Anopl
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VIIITHE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACESN
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vni THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES
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vin THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES
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THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES 173D
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via THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES
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viii THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES
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vin .THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES
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ix LIMITS OF NATURAL SELECTION IN M
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LIMITS OF NATURAL SELECTION IN MAN
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LIMITS OF NATURAL SELECTION IN MAN
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TROPICAL NATURE AND OTHER ESSAYS
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218 TROPICAL NATUREThe Three Climat
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TROPICAL NATURE
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222 TROPICAL NATUREproduces any bur
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224 TROPICAL NATUREof humidity, as
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TROPICAL NATUREIn the north tempera
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228 TROPICAL NATUREslight fall of t
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TROPICAL NATUREclimate of the equat
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TROPICAL NATUREpermanent springs to
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234 TROPICAL NATUREand a beauty tha
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236 TROPICAL NATUREheat increased h
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IIEQUATORIAL VEGETATIONThe Equatori
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240 TROPICAL NATUREforest-belts in
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I242 TROPICAL NATURE nposed to thin
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244 TROPICAL NATUREand fillsurround
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246 TROPICAL NATUREmight have been
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248 TROPICAL NATUREBesides these va
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250 TROPICAL NATURE nover shrubs an
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252 TROPICAL NATUREoil from the coc
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254 TROPICAL NATUREand handsome flo
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256 TROPICAL NATUREof palms or of t
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258 TROPICAL NATUREzigzag, branched
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TROPICAL NATUREPalembang, in Sumatr
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TROPICAL NATUREcan be put to uses w
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264 TROPICAL NATUREperate and frigi
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266 TROPICAL NATUREleaves standing
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TROPICAL NATUREregions of polar col
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IllANIMAL LIFE IN THE TROPICAL FORE
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272 TROPICAL NATUREin books of trav
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TROPICAL NATUREothers long and poin
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276 TROPICAL NATUREsettle upon foli
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278 TROPICAL NATUREsome day be valu
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TROPICAL NATUREespecially of Zingib
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TROPICAL NATUREof rare butterflies
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TROPICAL NATUREare always accompani
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286 TROPICAL NATUREcutting ant in A
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TROPICAL NATUREwhole insect is then
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290 TROPICAL NATUREmost conspicuous
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292 TROPICAL NATUREtion of very lar
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294 TROPICAL NATUREinto light or de
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TROPICAL NATUREcurious interactions
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298 TROPICAL NATUREthan are exhibit
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TROPICAL NATUEEthologists, it will
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TROPICAL NATURELizardsLizards are b
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304 TROPICAL NATUREshine they more
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TROPICAL NATUREMAMMALIAMonkeysThe h
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TROPICAL NATUREacross the expanded
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310 TROPICAL NATURErather in the un
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IVHUMMING-BIRDSAS ILLUSTEATING THE
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314 TROPICAL NATUREover the lower a
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316 TROPICAL NATUREhumming-birds ma
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318 TROPICAL NATUREsweets, in all t
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TROPICAL NATUREDisplay of Ornaments
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322 TROPICAL NATUREtamed a number o
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TROPICAL NATUREallied species on Ch
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TROPICAL NATUREvariation, and with
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TROPICAL NATUREhalf completed.In th
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TROPICAL NATUREdevelopment; the for
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TROPICAL NATUREsoft, while the tong
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334 TROPICAL NATUREtubular tongue o
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TROPICAL NATURElittle white-eyes (Z
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THE COLOURS OF ANIMALS AND SEXUAL S
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340 TROPICAL NATUREand emotions may
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342 TROPICAL NATUREIt is true that
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Page 362 and 363: 346 TROPICAL NATUREThis caterpillar
Page 364 and 365: 348 TROPICAL NATUREweed of these tw
Page 366 and 367: 350 TROPICAL NATUREflies, so that i
Page 368 and 369: 352 TROPICAL NATUREThe universal av
Page 370 and 371: 354 TROPICAL NATUREMr. Darwin's Des
Page 372 and 373: 356 TROPICAL NATUREexternal objects
Page 374 and 375: 358 TROPICAL NATUREand Mr. Sorby ha
Page 376 and 377: TROPICAL NATUREment are much more n
Page 378 and 379: 362 TROPICAL NATUREprotective, serv
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Page 382 and 383: 366 TROPICAL NATUREmale to special
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Page 386 and 387: 370 TROPICAL NATUREturkey, and the
Page 388 and 389: 372 TROPICAL NATUREghost-moth may r
Page 390 and 391: 374 TROPICAL NATUREwhite companions
Page 392 and 393: 376 TROPICAL NATUREtion, and what m
Page 394 and 395: 378 TROPICAL NATURENatural Selectio
Page 396 and 397: TROPICAL NATUREaway with the rapidi
Page 398 and 399: 382 TROPICAL NATUREhere, not only i
Page 400 and 401: 384 TROPICAL NATUREyet, as none of
Page 402 and 403: 386 TROPICAL NATURE vmetallic colou
Page 404 and 405: 388 TROPICAL NATUREThe Andaman isla
Page 406 and 407: 390 TROPICAL NATUREpum, while black
Page 408 and 409: TROPICAL NATUREthe large brilliantl
Page 412 and 413: 396 TROPICAL NATUREthese differ gre
Page 414 and 415: 398 TROPICAL NATUREvery minute and
Page 416 and 417: 400 TROPICAL NATUREsmall brown seed
Page 418 and 419: TROPICAL NATUREdetails of these ada
Page 420 and 421: 404 TROPICAL NATUREby butterflies.
Page 422 and 423: 406 TROPICAL NATUREThe seeds of a p
Page 424 and 425: TROPICAL NATUREpurple or blue, thre
Page 426 and 427: 410 TROPICAL NATUREON THE ORIGINOF
Page 428 and 429: 412 TROPICAL NATUREthese were the o
Page 430 and 431: 414 TROPICAL NATUREHomer's time he
Page 432 and 433: VIIIndications of Man's Extreme Ant
Page 434 and 435: 418 TROPICAL NATUREnorth in Norway.
Page 436 and 437: 420 TROPICAL NATUREprotoplasm up to
Page 438 and 439: 422 TROPICAL NATUREtogether, indica
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Page 442 and 443: 426 TROPICAL NATUREing three miles
Page 444 and 445: TROPICAL NATUREprominence.Other exa
Page 446 and 447: 430 . TROPICAL NATURETheThere is on
Page 448 and 449: 432 TROPICAL NATUREadvance, man's i
Page 450 and 451: 434 TROPICAL NATUREdoubt, accusatio
Page 452 and 453: TROPICAL NATUREhave evidence of an
Page 454 and 455: 438 TROPICAL NATUREMan Coeval with
Page 456 and 457: 440 TROPICAL NATUREthan twenty feet
Page 458 and 459: 442 TROPICAL NATUREare made of a cu
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444 TROPICAL NATUREsurrounding plai
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446 TROPICAL NATUREmortars have bee
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448 TROPICAL NATUREcoveries should
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IXTHE DEBT OF SCIENCE TO DARWIN 1Th
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452 TROPICAL NATUREanatomy could be
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454 TROPICAL NATUREthat each specie
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456 TROPICAL NATUREof comparing the
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458 TROPICAL NATUREHe also saw, at
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460 TROPICAL NATUREbotanists, farme
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462 TROPICAL NATUREshapes of the pr
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464 TROPICAL NATUREway caused the p
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466 TROPICAL NATUREmade showing tha
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468 TROPICAL NATUREour gardens, sho
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470 TROPICAL NATUREearth thus attac
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472 TROPICAL NATUREDarwin had colle
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474 TROPICAL NATUREendeavoured, how
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INDEXABBOTT, C. C., on American pal
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478 INDEXBelt, Mr., on leaf-cutting
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INDEXColour of flowers, as explaine
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INDEXEquatorial climate, uniformity
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484 INDEXHeliconidae, not attacked
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486 INDEX.Man, importance of mental
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488 INDEXOxyrhopus petolarius, 0. t
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isexes,490 INDEXShell-mounds, ancie
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115472492 INDEXWeale, Mr. J. P. Man
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