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310 TROPICAL NATURErather in the uniformity and permanence with which theseand all other terrestrial conditions have acted, neither varyingprejudicially throughout the year, nor having undergone anyimportant change for countless past ages. While successiveglacial periods have devastated the temperate zones, anddestroyed most of the larger and more specialised forms whichduring more favourable epochs had been developed, the equatoriallands must always have remained thronged with life,and have been unintermittingly subject to those complexinfluences of organism upon organism which seem the mainagents in developing the greatest variety of forms and fillingup every vacant place in nature. A constant struggle againstthe vicissitudes and recurring severities of climate must alwayshave restricted the range of effective animal variation in thetemperate and frigid zones, and have checked all such developmentsof form and colour as were in the least degree injuriousin themselves, or which co- existed with any constitutionalincapacity to resist great changes of temperature or otherunfavourable conditions. Such disadvantages were not experiencedin the equatorial zone. The struggle for existenceas against the forces of nature was there always less severe ;food was there more abundant and more regularly supplied ;shelter and concealment were at all times more easily obtained;and almost the only physical changes experienced,being dependent on cosmical or geological revolutions, were soslow that variation and natural selection were always able tokeep the teeming mass of organisms in nicely balanced harmonywith the changing physical conditions. The equatorialzone, in short, exhibits to us the result of a comparativelycontinuous and unchecked development of organic forms ;while in the temperate regions there have been a series ofperiodical checks and extinctions of a more or less disastrousnature, necessitating the commencement of the work of developmentin certain lines over and over again. In the one,evolution has had a fair chance; in the other, it has hadcountless difficulties thrown in its way. The equatorial regionsare then, as regards their past and present life-history, a moreancient world than that represented by the temperate zones,a world in which the laws which have governed the progressivedevelopment of life have operated with comparatively
in ANIMAL LIFE IN THE TROPICAL FORESTS 311little check for countless ages, and have resulted in thoseinfinitely varied and beautiful forms those wonderful eccentricitiesof structure, of function, and of instinct that richvariety of colour, and that nicely balanced harmony of relations,which delight and astonish us in the animal productionsof all tropical countries.
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NATURAL SELECTION. First Edition 18
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PREFACEALTERATIONS IN THE SECOND ED
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CONTENTSof Protective Colouring Obj
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CONTENTSTEOPICAL NATURE AND OTHER E
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CONTENTSof Flowers and their Geogra
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ON THE LAW WHICH HAS REGULATED THE
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THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIESexpl
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THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIEScomm
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THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIEShave
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THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIESread
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i THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIES 1
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'INTRODUCTORY NOTE TO CHAPTER II 21
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ii ON THE TENDENCY OF VARIETIES, ET
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in PROTECTIVE RESEMBLANCES AMONG AN
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PROTECTIVE RESEMBLANCES AMONG ANIMA
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in PROTECTIVE EESEMBLANCES AMONG AN
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IVON INSTINCT INMAN AND ANIMALSTHE
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ON INSTINCT IN MAN AND ANIMALSconti
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iv ON INSTINCT IN MAN AND ANIMALS 9
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iv ON INSTINCT IN MAN AND ANIMALS 9
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THE PHILOSOPHY OF BIRDS' NESTSDo Me
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v THE PHILOSOPHY OF BIRDS' NESTS 10
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thev THE PHILOSOPHY OF BIRDS' NESTS
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 119Chan
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 121thei
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 123whil
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 125the
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'vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 12720.
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A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTSnatural phe
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 131most
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 133Real
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 135form
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 137of c
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 139ence
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VIICREATION BY LAW 1AMONG the vario
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vii CREATION BY LAW 143the whole or
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CREATION BY LAW 145occur to him as
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CREATION BY LAW 147inches, and was
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vii CREATION BY LAW 149the growth o
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vii CREATION BY LAW 161navigable ri
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vii CREATION BY LAW 153sifted, and
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CREATION BY LAW 155ments of beauty
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CREATION BY LAW 157met with. On thi
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CREATION BY LAW 159determined at th
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vii CREATION BY LAW 161cannot be fu
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CREATION BY LAW 163into a gull with
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CREATION BY LAW 165the Eocene Anopl
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VIIITHE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACESN
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vni THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES
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vin THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES
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THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES 173D
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via THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES
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viii THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES
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vin .THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES
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ix LIMITS OF NATURAL SELECTION IN M
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LIMITS OF NATURAL SELECTION IN MAN
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LIMITS OF NATURAL SELECTION IN MAN
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TROPICAL NATURE AND OTHER ESSAYS
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218 TROPICAL NATUREThe Three Climat
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TROPICAL NATURE
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222 TROPICAL NATUREproduces any bur
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224 TROPICAL NATUREof humidity, as
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TROPICAL NATUREIn the north tempera
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228 TROPICAL NATUREslight fall of t
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TROPICAL NATUREclimate of the equat
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TROPICAL NATUREpermanent springs to
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234 TROPICAL NATUREand a beauty tha
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236 TROPICAL NATUREheat increased h
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IIEQUATORIAL VEGETATIONThe Equatori
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240 TROPICAL NATUREforest-belts in
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I242 TROPICAL NATURE nposed to thin
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244 TROPICAL NATUREand fillsurround
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246 TROPICAL NATUREmight have been
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248 TROPICAL NATUREBesides these va
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250 TROPICAL NATURE nover shrubs an
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252 TROPICAL NATUREoil from the coc
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254 TROPICAL NATUREand handsome flo
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256 TROPICAL NATUREof palms or of t
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258 TROPICAL NATUREzigzag, branched
Page 276 and 277: TROPICAL NATUREPalembang, in Sumatr
Page 278 and 279: TROPICAL NATUREcan be put to uses w
Page 280 and 281: 264 TROPICAL NATUREperate and frigi
Page 282 and 283: 266 TROPICAL NATUREleaves standing
Page 284 and 285: TROPICAL NATUREregions of polar col
Page 286 and 287: IllANIMAL LIFE IN THE TROPICAL FORE
Page 288 and 289: 272 TROPICAL NATUREin books of trav
Page 290 and 291: TROPICAL NATUREothers long and poin
Page 292 and 293: 276 TROPICAL NATUREsettle upon foli
Page 294 and 295: 278 TROPICAL NATUREsome day be valu
Page 296 and 297: TROPICAL NATUREespecially of Zingib
Page 298 and 299: TROPICAL NATUREof rare butterflies
Page 300 and 301: TROPICAL NATUREare always accompani
Page 302 and 303: 286 TROPICAL NATUREcutting ant in A
Page 304 and 305: TROPICAL NATUREwhole insect is then
Page 306 and 307: 290 TROPICAL NATUREmost conspicuous
Page 308 and 309: 292 TROPICAL NATUREtion of very lar
Page 310 and 311: 294 TROPICAL NATUREinto light or de
Page 312 and 313: TROPICAL NATUREcurious interactions
Page 314 and 315: 298 TROPICAL NATUREthan are exhibit
Page 316 and 317: TROPICAL NATUEEthologists, it will
Page 318 and 319: TROPICAL NATURELizardsLizards are b
Page 320 and 321: 304 TROPICAL NATUREshine they more
Page 322 and 323: TROPICAL NATUREMAMMALIAMonkeysThe h
Page 324 and 325: TROPICAL NATUREacross the expanded
Page 328 and 329: IVHUMMING-BIRDSAS ILLUSTEATING THE
Page 330 and 331: 314 TROPICAL NATUREover the lower a
Page 332 and 333: 316 TROPICAL NATUREhumming-birds ma
Page 334 and 335: 318 TROPICAL NATUREsweets, in all t
Page 336 and 337: TROPICAL NATUREDisplay of Ornaments
Page 338 and 339: 322 TROPICAL NATUREtamed a number o
Page 340 and 341: TROPICAL NATUREallied species on Ch
Page 342 and 343: TROPICAL NATUREvariation, and with
Page 344 and 345: TROPICAL NATUREhalf completed.In th
Page 346 and 347: TROPICAL NATUREdevelopment; the for
Page 348 and 349: TROPICAL NATUREsoft, while the tong
Page 350 and 351: 334 TROPICAL NATUREtubular tongue o
Page 352 and 353: TROPICAL NATURElittle white-eyes (Z
Page 354 and 355: THE COLOURS OF ANIMALS AND SEXUAL S
Page 356 and 357: 340 TROPICAL NATUREand emotions may
Page 358 and 359: 342 TROPICAL NATUREIt is true that
Page 360 and 361: 344 TROPICAL NATUREprotecting them
Page 362 and 363: 346 TROPICAL NATUREThis caterpillar
Page 364 and 365: 348 TROPICAL NATUREweed of these tw
Page 366 and 367: 350 TROPICAL NATUREflies, so that i
Page 368 and 369: 352 TROPICAL NATUREThe universal av
Page 370 and 371: 354 TROPICAL NATUREMr. Darwin's Des
Page 372 and 373: 356 TROPICAL NATUREexternal objects
Page 374 and 375: 358 TROPICAL NATUREand Mr. Sorby ha
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TROPICAL NATUREment are much more n
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362 TROPICAL NATUREprotective, serv
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TROPICAL NATUEEincreasing complexit
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366 TROPICAL NATUREmale to special
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TROPICAL NATURErunning to its burro
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370 TROPICAL NATUREturkey, and the
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372 TROPICAL NATUREghost-moth may r
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374 TROPICAL NATUREwhite companions
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376 TROPICAL NATUREtion, and what m
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378 TROPICAL NATURENatural Selectio
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TROPICAL NATUREaway with the rapidi
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382 TROPICAL NATUREhere, not only i
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384 TROPICAL NATUREyet, as none of
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386 TROPICAL NATURE vmetallic colou
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388 TROPICAL NATUREThe Andaman isla
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390 TROPICAL NATUREpum, while black
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TROPICAL NATUREthe large brilliantl
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394 TROPICAL NATUREzones ;while, es
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396 TROPICAL NATUREthese differ gre
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398 TROPICAL NATUREvery minute and
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400 TROPICAL NATUREsmall brown seed
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TROPICAL NATUREdetails of these ada
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404 TROPICAL NATUREby butterflies.
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406 TROPICAL NATUREThe seeds of a p
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TROPICAL NATUREpurple or blue, thre
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410 TROPICAL NATUREON THE ORIGINOF
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412 TROPICAL NATUREthese were the o
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414 TROPICAL NATUREHomer's time he
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VIIIndications of Man's Extreme Ant
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418 TROPICAL NATUREnorth in Norway.
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420 TROPICAL NATUREprotoplasm up to
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422 TROPICAL NATUREtogether, indica
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424 TROPICAL NATUREto distinct and
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426 TROPICAL NATUREing three miles
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TROPICAL NATUREprominence.Other exa
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430 . TROPICAL NATURETheThere is on
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432 TROPICAL NATUREadvance, man's i
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434 TROPICAL NATUREdoubt, accusatio
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TROPICAL NATUREhave evidence of an
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438 TROPICAL NATUREMan Coeval with
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440 TROPICAL NATUREthan twenty feet
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442 TROPICAL NATUREare made of a cu
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444 TROPICAL NATUREsurrounding plai
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446 TROPICAL NATUREmortars have bee
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448 TROPICAL NATUREcoveries should
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IXTHE DEBT OF SCIENCE TO DARWIN 1Th
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452 TROPICAL NATUREanatomy could be
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454 TROPICAL NATUREthat each specie
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456 TROPICAL NATUREof comparing the
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458 TROPICAL NATUREHe also saw, at
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460 TROPICAL NATUREbotanists, farme
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462 TROPICAL NATUREshapes of the pr
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464 TROPICAL NATUREway caused the p
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466 TROPICAL NATUREmade showing tha
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468 TROPICAL NATUREour gardens, sho
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470 TROPICAL NATUREearth thus attac
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472 TROPICAL NATUREDarwin had colle
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474 TROPICAL NATUREendeavoured, how
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INDEXABBOTT, C. C., on American pal
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478 INDEXBelt, Mr., on leaf-cutting
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INDEXColour of flowers, as explaine
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INDEXEquatorial climate, uniformity
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484 INDEXHeliconidae, not attacked
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486 INDEX.Man, importance of mental
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488 INDEXOxyrhopus petolarius, 0. t
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isexes,490 INDEXShell-mounds, ancie
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115472492 INDEXWeale, Mr. J. P. Man
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