PDF - Wallace Online
PDF - Wallace Online PDF - Wallace Online
304 TROPICAL NATUREshine they more resemble some strange insects than membersof the reptiletribe.SnakesSnakes are, fortunately, not so abundant or so obtrusive aslizards, or the tropics would be scarcely habitable. At first,indeed, the traveller is disposed to wonder that he does not seemore of them, but he will soon find out that there are plenty ;and, if he is possessed by the usual horror or dislike of them,he may think there are too many. In the equatorial zonesnakes are less troublesome than in the drier parts of thetropics, although they are probably more numerous andmore varied. This is because the country is naturally avast forest, and the snakes being all adapted to a forestlife do not as a rule frequent gardens and come into housesas in India and Australia, where they are accustomed to openand arid places. One cannot traverse the forest, however,without soon coming upon them. The slender green whipsnakesglide among the foliage, and may often be touchedbefore they are seen. The ease and rapidity with whichthese snakes pass through bushes, almost without disturbinga leaf, is very curious. More dangerous are the green vipers,which lie coiled motionless upon foliage, where their colourrenders it difficult to see them. The writer has often comeupon them while creeping through the jungle after birds orinsects, and has sometimes only had time to draw back whenthey were within a few inches of his face. It is startling inwalking along a forest path to see a long snake glide awayfrom just where you were going to set down your foot but;it is perhaps even more alarming to hear a long-drawn heavyslur-r-r, and just to catch a glimpse of a serpent as thick asyour leg and an unknown number of feet in length, showingthat you must have passed unheeding within a short distanceof where it was lying. The smaller pythons are not,however, dangerous, and they often enter houses to catch andfeed upon the rats, and are rather liked by the natives. Youwill sometimes be told when sleeping in a native house thatthere is a large snake in the roof, and that you need not bedisturbed in case you should hear it hunting after its prey.These serpents no doubt sometimes grow to an enormous
in ANIMAL LIFE IN THE TROPICAL FORESTS 305size, but such monsters are rare. In Borneo, Mr. St. Johnstates that he measured one twenty-six feet long, probablythe largest ever measured by a European in the East. Thegreat water -boa of South America is believed to reach thelargest size. Mr. Bates measured skins twenty-one feet long,but the largest ever met with by a European appears to bethat described by the botanist, Dr. Gardiner, in his Travels inBrazil. It had devoured a horse, and was found dead, entangledin the branches of a tree overhanging a river, intowhich it had been carried by a flood. It was nearly fortyfeet long. These creatures are said to seize and devour fullsizedcattle on the Eio Branco ;and from what is known oftheir habits this isby no means improbable.Frogs and ToadsThe only Amphibia that often meet the traveller's eye inequatorial countries are the various kinds offrogs and toads,and especially the elegant tree-frogs. When the rainy seasonbegins, and dried-up pools and ditches become filled withwater, there is a strange nightly concert produced by thefrogs, some of which croak, others bellow, while many haveclanging or chirruping, and not unmusical notes. In roadsand gardens one occasionally meets huge toads six or seveninches long ;but the most abundant and most interesting ofthe tribe are those adapted for an arboreal life, and hencecalled tree-frogs. Their toes terminate in discs, by means ofwhich they can cling firmly to leaves and stems. The majorityof them are green or brown, and these usually feed at night,sitting quietly during the day so as to be almost invisible,owing to their colour and their moist shining skins so closelyresembling vegetable surfaces. Many are beautifully marbledand spotted, and when sitting on leaves resemble large beetlesmore than frogs, while others are adorned with bright andstaring colours and; these, as Mr. Belt has discovered, havenauseous secretions which render them uneatable, so that theyhave no need to conceal themselves. Some of these are brightblue, others are adorned with yellow stripes, or have a redbody with blue legs. Of the smaller tree-frogs of the tropicsthere must be hundreds of speciesstill unknown to naturalists.
- Page 270 and 271: 254 TROPICAL NATUREand handsome flo
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304 TROPICAL NATUREshine they more resemble some strange insects than membersof the reptiletribe.SnakesSnakes are, fortunately, not so abundant or so obtrusive aslizards, or the tropics would be scarcely habitable. At first,indeed, the traveller is disposed to wonder that he does not seemore of them, but he will soon find out that there are plenty ;and, if he is possessed by the usual horror or dislike of them,he may think there are too many. In the equatorial zonesnakes are less troublesome than in the drier parts of thetropics, although they are probably more numerous andmore varied. This is because the country is naturally avast forest, and the snakes being all adapted to a forestlife do not as a rule frequent gardens and come into housesas in India and Australia, where they are accustomed to openand arid places. One cannot traverse the forest, however,without soon coming upon them. The slender green whipsnakesglide among the foliage, and may often be touchedbefore they are seen. The ease and rapidity with whichthese snakes pass through bushes, almost without disturbinga leaf, is very curious. More dangerous are the green vipers,which lie coiled motionless upon foliage, where their colourrenders it difficult to see them. The writer has often comeupon them while creeping through the jungle after birds orinsects, and has sometimes only had time to draw back whenthey were within a few inches of his face. It is startling inwalking along a forest path to see a long snake glide awayfrom just where you were going to set down your foot but;it is perhaps even more alarming to hear a long-drawn heavyslur-r-r, and just to catch a glimpse of a serpent as thick asyour leg and an unknown number of feet in length, showingthat you must have passed unheeding within a short distanceof where it was lying. The smaller pythons are not,however, dangerous, and they often enter houses to catch andfeed upon the rats, and are rather liked by the natives. Youwill sometimes be told when sleeping in a native house thatthere is a large snake in the roof, and that you need not bedisturbed in case you should hear it hunting after its prey.These serpents no doubt sometimes grow to an enormous