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228 TROPICAL NATUREslight fall of the thermometer is accompanied by the condensationof a large absolute quantity of atmospheric vapour, soMonihfy Ucdnfall ccb Londonthat copious dews and heavy showers of rain are produced atcomparatively high temperatures, and even at the sea level.
i CLIMATE AND ASPECTS OF THE EQUATORIAL ZONE 229The drops of rain rapidly increase in size while falling throughthe saturated atmosphere ;and during this process as well asby the formation of dew, the heat which retained the waterin the gaseous form, and was insensible while doing so, isliberated, and thus helps to keep up the high temperature ofthe air. This production of heat is almost always going on.In fine weather the nights are always dewy, and the diagramon the preceding page, showing the mean monthly rainfall atBatavia and Greenwich, proves that this source of increasedtemperature is present during every month in the year, sincethe lowest monthly fall at the former place is almost equal tothe highest monthlyfall at the latter.It may perhaps be objected that evaporation must absorbas much heat as is afterwards liberated by condensation, andthis is true ;but as evaporation and condensation occur usuallyat different times and in different places, the equalising effectis still very important. Evaporation' occurs chiefly duringthe hottest sunshine, when it tends to moderate the extremeheat, while condensation takes place chiefly at night in theform of dew and rain, when the liberated heat helps to makeup for the loss of the direct rays of the sun. Again the mostcopious condensation both of dew and rain is greatly influencedby vegetation and especially by forests, and also by thepresence of hills and mountains, and is therefore greater onland than on the ocean, while evaporation is much greater onthe ocean, both on account of the less amount of cloudyweather and because the air is more constantly in motion.This is particularly the case throughout that large portion ofthe tropical and subtropical zones where the trade-winds constantlyblow, as the evaporation must there be enormouswhile the quantity of rain is very small. It follows, then,that on the equatorial land-surface there will be a considerablebalance of condensation over evaporation, which musttend to the general raising of the temperature, and, owing tothe condensation being principally at night, not less powerfullyto its equalisation.General Features of the Equatorial ClimateThe various causes now enumerated are sufficient to enableus to understand how the great characteristic features of the
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-.^M/ivt^'Mta^^0r'VJT.'''Jh -\ o *
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NATURAL SELECTION. First Edition 18
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PREFACEALTERATIONS IN THE SECOND ED
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CONTENTSof Protective Colouring Obj
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CONTENTSTEOPICAL NATURE AND OTHER E
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CONTENTSof Flowers and their Geogra
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ON THE LAW WHICH HAS REGULATED THE
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THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIESexpl
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THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIEScomm
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THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIEShave
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THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIESread
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i THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW SPECIES 1
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'INTRODUCTORY NOTE TO CHAPTER II 21
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ii ON THE TENDENCY OF VARIETIES, ET
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in PROTECTIVE RESEMBLANCES AMONG AN
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PROTECTIVE RESEMBLANCES AMONG ANIMA
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in PROTECTIVE EESEMBLANCES AMONG AN
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IVON INSTINCT INMAN AND ANIMALSTHE
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ON INSTINCT IN MAN AND ANIMALSconti
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iv ON INSTINCT IN MAN AND ANIMALS 9
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iv ON INSTINCT IN MAN AND ANIMALS 9
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THE PHILOSOPHY OF BIRDS' NESTSDo Me
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v THE PHILOSOPHY OF BIRDS' NESTS 10
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thev THE PHILOSOPHY OF BIRDS' NESTS
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 119Chan
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 121thei
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 123whil
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 125the
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'vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 12720.
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A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTSnatural phe
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 131most
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 133Real
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 135form
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 137of c
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vi A THEORY OF BIRDS' NESTS 139ence
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VIICREATION BY LAW 1AMONG the vario
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vii CREATION BY LAW 143the whole or
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CREATION BY LAW 145occur to him as
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CREATION BY LAW 147inches, and was
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vii CREATION BY LAW 149the growth o
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vii CREATION BY LAW 161navigable ri
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vii CREATION BY LAW 153sifted, and
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CREATION BY LAW 155ments of beauty
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CREATION BY LAW 157met with. On thi
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CREATION BY LAW 159determined at th
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vii CREATION BY LAW 161cannot be fu
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CREATION BY LAW 163into a gull with
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CREATION BY LAW 165the Eocene Anopl
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VIIITHE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACESN
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vni THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES
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vin THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES
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THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES 173D
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via THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RACES
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Page 203 and 204: ix LIMITS OF NATURAL SELECTION IN M
Page 211 and 212: LIMITS OF NATURAL SELECTION IN MAN
Page 227 and 228: LIMITS OF NATURAL SELECTION IN MAN
Page 231: TROPICAL NATURE AND OTHER ESSAYS
Page 234 and 235: 218 TROPICAL NATUREThe Three Climat
Page 236 and 237: TROPICAL NATURE
Page 238 and 239: 222 TROPICAL NATUREproduces any bur
Page 240 and 241: 224 TROPICAL NATUREof humidity, as
Page 242 and 243: TROPICAL NATUREIn the north tempera
Page 246 and 247: TROPICAL NATUREclimate of the equat
Page 248 and 249: TROPICAL NATUREpermanent springs to
Page 250 and 251: 234 TROPICAL NATUREand a beauty tha
Page 252 and 253: 236 TROPICAL NATUREheat increased h
Page 254 and 255: IIEQUATORIAL VEGETATIONThe Equatori
Page 256 and 257: 240 TROPICAL NATUREforest-belts in
Page 258 and 259: I242 TROPICAL NATURE nposed to thin
Page 260 and 261: 244 TROPICAL NATUREand fillsurround
Page 262 and 263: 246 TROPICAL NATUREmight have been
Page 264 and 265: 248 TROPICAL NATUREBesides these va
Page 266 and 267: 250 TROPICAL NATURE nover shrubs an
Page 268 and 269: 252 TROPICAL NATUREoil from the coc
Page 270 and 271: 254 TROPICAL NATUREand handsome flo
Page 272 and 273: 256 TROPICAL NATUREof palms or of t
Page 274 and 275: 258 TROPICAL NATUREzigzag, branched
Page 276 and 277: TROPICAL NATUREPalembang, in Sumatr
Page 278 and 279: TROPICAL NATUREcan be put to uses w
Page 280 and 281: 264 TROPICAL NATUREperate and frigi
Page 282 and 283: 266 TROPICAL NATUREleaves standing
Page 284 and 285: TROPICAL NATUREregions of polar col
Page 286 and 287: IllANIMAL LIFE IN THE TROPICAL FORE
Page 288 and 289: 272 TROPICAL NATUREin books of trav
Page 290 and 291: TROPICAL NATUREothers long and poin
Page 292 and 293: 276 TROPICAL NATUREsettle upon foli
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278 TROPICAL NATUREsome day be valu
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TROPICAL NATUREespecially of Zingib
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TROPICAL NATUREof rare butterflies
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TROPICAL NATUREare always accompani
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286 TROPICAL NATUREcutting ant in A
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TROPICAL NATUREwhole insect is then
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290 TROPICAL NATUREmost conspicuous
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292 TROPICAL NATUREtion of very lar
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294 TROPICAL NATUREinto light or de
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TROPICAL NATUREcurious interactions
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298 TROPICAL NATUREthan are exhibit
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TROPICAL NATUEEthologists, it will
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TROPICAL NATURELizardsLizards are b
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304 TROPICAL NATUREshine they more
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TROPICAL NATUREMAMMALIAMonkeysThe h
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TROPICAL NATUREacross the expanded
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310 TROPICAL NATURErather in the un
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IVHUMMING-BIRDSAS ILLUSTEATING THE
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314 TROPICAL NATUREover the lower a
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316 TROPICAL NATUREhumming-birds ma
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318 TROPICAL NATUREsweets, in all t
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TROPICAL NATUREDisplay of Ornaments
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322 TROPICAL NATUREtamed a number o
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TROPICAL NATUREallied species on Ch
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TROPICAL NATUREvariation, and with
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TROPICAL NATUREhalf completed.In th
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TROPICAL NATUREdevelopment; the for
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TROPICAL NATUREsoft, while the tong
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334 TROPICAL NATUREtubular tongue o
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TROPICAL NATURElittle white-eyes (Z
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THE COLOURS OF ANIMALS AND SEXUAL S
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340 TROPICAL NATUREand emotions may
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342 TROPICAL NATUREIt is true that
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344 TROPICAL NATUREprotecting them
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346 TROPICAL NATUREThis caterpillar
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348 TROPICAL NATUREweed of these tw
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350 TROPICAL NATUREflies, so that i
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352 TROPICAL NATUREThe universal av
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354 TROPICAL NATUREMr. Darwin's Des
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356 TROPICAL NATUREexternal objects
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358 TROPICAL NATUREand Mr. Sorby ha
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TROPICAL NATUREment are much more n
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362 TROPICAL NATUREprotective, serv
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TROPICAL NATUEEincreasing complexit
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366 TROPICAL NATUREmale to special
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TROPICAL NATURErunning to its burro
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370 TROPICAL NATUREturkey, and the
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372 TROPICAL NATUREghost-moth may r
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374 TROPICAL NATUREwhite companions
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376 TROPICAL NATUREtion, and what m
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378 TROPICAL NATURENatural Selectio
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TROPICAL NATUREaway with the rapidi
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382 TROPICAL NATUREhere, not only i
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384 TROPICAL NATUREyet, as none of
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386 TROPICAL NATURE vmetallic colou
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388 TROPICAL NATUREThe Andaman isla
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390 TROPICAL NATUREpum, while black
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TROPICAL NATUREthe large brilliantl
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394 TROPICAL NATUREzones ;while, es
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396 TROPICAL NATUREthese differ gre
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398 TROPICAL NATUREvery minute and
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400 TROPICAL NATUREsmall brown seed
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TROPICAL NATUREdetails of these ada
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404 TROPICAL NATUREby butterflies.
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406 TROPICAL NATUREThe seeds of a p
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TROPICAL NATUREpurple or blue, thre
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410 TROPICAL NATUREON THE ORIGINOF
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412 TROPICAL NATUREthese were the o
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414 TROPICAL NATUREHomer's time he
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VIIIndications of Man's Extreme Ant
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418 TROPICAL NATUREnorth in Norway.
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420 TROPICAL NATUREprotoplasm up to
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422 TROPICAL NATUREtogether, indica
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424 TROPICAL NATUREto distinct and
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426 TROPICAL NATUREing three miles
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TROPICAL NATUREprominence.Other exa
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430 . TROPICAL NATURETheThere is on
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432 TROPICAL NATUREadvance, man's i
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434 TROPICAL NATUREdoubt, accusatio
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TROPICAL NATUREhave evidence of an
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438 TROPICAL NATUREMan Coeval with
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440 TROPICAL NATUREthan twenty feet
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442 TROPICAL NATUREare made of a cu
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444 TROPICAL NATUREsurrounding plai
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446 TROPICAL NATUREmortars have bee
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448 TROPICAL NATUREcoveries should
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IXTHE DEBT OF SCIENCE TO DARWIN 1Th
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452 TROPICAL NATUREanatomy could be
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454 TROPICAL NATUREthat each specie
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456 TROPICAL NATUREof comparing the
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458 TROPICAL NATUREHe also saw, at
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460 TROPICAL NATUREbotanists, farme
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462 TROPICAL NATUREshapes of the pr
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464 TROPICAL NATUREway caused the p
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466 TROPICAL NATUREmade showing tha
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468 TROPICAL NATUREour gardens, sho
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470 TROPICAL NATUREearth thus attac
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472 TROPICAL NATUREDarwin had colle
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474 TROPICAL NATUREendeavoured, how
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INDEXABBOTT, C. C., on American pal
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478 INDEXBelt, Mr., on leaf-cutting
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INDEXColour of flowers, as explaine
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INDEXEquatorial climate, uniformity
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484 INDEXHeliconidae, not attacked
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486 INDEX.Man, importance of mental
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488 INDEXOxyrhopus petolarius, 0. t
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isexes,490 INDEXShell-mounds, ancie
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115472492 INDEXWeale, Mr. J. P. Man
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