SOIL SURVEY
SOIL SURVEY SOIL SURVEY
-178-Mechanical analyses - See particle-size analyses and particle size distribution .Medium texture - Intermediate between fine textured and coarse textured soils .It includes the following textural classes : very fine sandy loam, loam ,silt loam and silt . See also texture, soil .Mesic layer - A layer of organic material at a stage of decomposition between tha tof the fibric and humic layers .Mesophyte - A plant that grows under intermediate moisture conditions .Microclimate - The climate of a small area resulting from the modification ofthe general climate by local differences in elevation or exposure .Microrelief - Small scale local differences in relief, including mounds, swale sor hollows .Mineral soil - A soil consisting predominantly of, and having its propertie sdetermined predominantly by, mineral matter . It contains less than 17%organic carbon except for an organic surface layer that may be up t o40 cm thick if formed of mixed peat (bulk density 0 .1 or more) or 60 c mif of fibric moss peat (bulk density less than 0 .1) .Montane - Areas characterized by cold - snowy forest climate with no distinc tdry season and cool summers, represented vegetationally by closed t oopen savanna forest of Douglas fir, aspen and lodgepole pine; Upperelevation 1550 - 1600 m ASL .Moraine - An accumulation of earth, generally with stones, carried and finall ydeposited by a glacier .Morphology, soil - The physical constitution, particularly the structural properties ,of a soil profile as exhibited by the kinds, thickness and arrangement o fthe horizons in the profile, and by the texture, structure consistence an dporosity of each horizon (CSSC 1974) .Mottles - Spots or blotches of different color or shades of color interspersed wit hthe dominant color . Mottling in soils is usually considered to indicat epoor aeration and drainage .Munsell color system - See color, soil .Order, soil - The highest category in the Canadian soil classification system (CSS C1976) . The soils of Canada are grouped into nine orders : Chernozemic ,Solonetzic, Luvisolic, Podzolic, Brunisolic, Regosolic, Gleysolic, Cryosolic, an dOrganic . All of the soils within an order have one or more basic characteristicsin common .
-179-Organic - An order of soils that have developed dominantly from organic deposits .The majority are saturated for most of the year unless artificially drained .Organic matter, soil - The organic fraction of the soil : includes plant and anima lresidues at various stages of decomposition, cells and tissues of soil organism sand substances synthesized by the soil population . It is usually determine don soils that have been sieved through a 2 mm sieve .Orthic - A term used in soil classification to denote the Subgroup that typifies th ecentral concept of the Great Group .Outwash - Sediments "washed out" by flowing water beyond the glacier and lai ddown in beds as stratified drift . Particle size may range from boulders t osilt .Outcrop - That part of a geologic formation or structure that appears at the surfac eof the earth .Paleosol (fossil soil) - A soil of the geologic past that was buried subsequent to it sformation .Parent material - The unconsolidated and more or less chemically weathered minera lor organic matter from which the solum of a soil is developed by pedogenicprocesses .Particles size analyses - The determination of the various amounts of the differen tseparates in a soil sample, usually by sedimentation, sieving, micrometryor combinations of these methods .Peat - Unconsolidated soil material consisting largely of undecomposed, or onl yslightly decomposed, organic matter .Ped, soil - A unit of soil structure such as a prism, block, or granule, formed b ynatural processes (in contrast to a clod, which is formed artificially) .Pedology - Those aspects of soil science dealing with the origin, morphology ,genesis, mapping and taxonomy of soils, and classification in terms o ftheir use .Pedon - The smallest volume of soil which we should describe and sample to represen tthe nature and arrangement of its horizons and variability in the other propertie sthat are preserved in samples . A pedon is comparable in some ways to the unitcell of a crystal (Soil Survey Staff, 1975) :Percolation, soil water - The downward movement of water through soil ; specificallythe downward flow of water in saturated or nearly saturated soil at hydrauli cgradients of 1 .0 or less .
- Page 145 and 146: -127-Landform and Parent Material s
- Page 147 and 148: -129-Table 47 . Brief description o
- Page 149 and 150: Figure 91 . Site of the pedon chose
- Page 151 and 152: -133-Environmen tzones .The Tocher
- Page 153 and 154: -135--The steep slopes and the rela
- Page 155 and 156: -137-Table 50 . Brief description o
- Page 157 and 158: Figure 97 .Site of the pedon chosen
- Page 159 and 160: -141 -EnvironmentThe Watchtower soi
- Page 161 and 162: -143-Table 53 . Brief description o
- Page 163: -145-The stoniness and periodic sno
- Page 166 and 167: Brief description of the pedon chos
- Page 168 and 169: -150-late snowmelt areas or streams
- Page 170 and 171: -152-The soils have been rated acco
- Page 172 and 173: -154-Table 58 . Guides for assessin
- Page 174 and 175: -156-Table 60. Guides for assessing
- Page 176 and 177: -158-Table 62. Guides for assessing
- Page 178 and 179: -160-Table 64 . Guides for assessin
- Page 180 and 181: -162-Table 66 . Frost design soil c
- Page 182 and 183: Table 67r Interpretations for selec
- Page 184 and 185: (cont . )Table 67: Interpretations
- Page 186 and 187: -168-(cont . )Table 67 : Interpreta
- Page 188 and 189: -170-GLOSSARY'AASHO classification
- Page 190 and 191: -172-Clay films (skins) - Oriented
- Page 192 and 193: -174-Field capacity - The percentag
- Page 194 and 195: -176-Humification - The process by
- Page 198 and 199: - :180-Permeability, soil - The eas
- Page 200 and 201: -182-Slump - A landslide characteri
- Page 202 and 203: -184-organic carbon, or both .BC -R
- Page 204 and 205: -186-Granular - More or less rounde
- Page 206 and 207: -188-Unified Soil Classification Sy
- Page 208 and 209: -190-Bei I, C .E . 1966 . An ecolog
- Page 210 and 211: -192-Hutchinson, D . E . 1976. Reso
- Page 212 and 213: -194-Soil Research and Plant Resear
- Page 214 and 215: -196--Appendix A :Selected chanical
- Page 216 and 217: Appendix BtEngineering test data fo
- Page 218 and 219: Appendix B : Engineering test data
- Page 220 and 221: Appendix B : Engineering test data
- Page 222 and 223: -204-Appendix D :Common names and t
- Page 224 and 225: -206-HERBS (cont )Common Name sCow
- Page 226: -208-MOSSE SCommon Name sCladina mi
-178-Mechanical analyses - See particle-size analyses and particle size distribution .Medium texture - Intermediate between fine textured and coarse textured soils .It includes the following textural classes : very fine sandy loam, loam ,silt loam and silt . See also texture, soil .Mesic layer - A layer of organic material at a stage of decomposition between tha tof the fibric and humic layers .Mesophyte - A plant that grows under intermediate moisture conditions .Microclimate - The climate of a small area resulting from the modification ofthe general climate by local differences in elevation or exposure .Microrelief - Small scale local differences in relief, including mounds, swale sor hollows .Mineral soil - A soil consisting predominantly of, and having its propertie sdetermined predominantly by, mineral matter . It contains less than 17%organic carbon except for an organic surface layer that may be up t o40 cm thick if formed of mixed peat (bulk density 0 .1 or more) or 60 c mif of fibric moss peat (bulk density less than 0 .1) .Montane - Areas characterized by cold - snowy forest climate with no distinc tdry season and cool summers, represented vegetationally by closed t oopen savanna forest of Douglas fir, aspen and lodgepole pine; Upperelevation 1550 - 1600 m ASL .Moraine - An accumulation of earth, generally with stones, carried and finall ydeposited by a glacier .Morphology, soil - The physical constitution, particularly the structural properties ,of a soil profile as exhibited by the kinds, thickness and arrangement o fthe horizons in the profile, and by the texture, structure consistence an dporosity of each horizon (CSSC 1974) .Mottles - Spots or blotches of different color or shades of color interspersed wit hthe dominant color . Mottling in soils is usually considered to indicat epoor aeration and drainage .Munsell color system - See color, soil .Order, soil - The highest category in the Canadian soil classification system (CSS C1976) . The soils of Canada are grouped into nine orders : Chernozemic ,Solonetzic, Luvisolic, Podzolic, Brunisolic, Regosolic, Gleysolic, Cryosolic, an dOrganic . All of the soils within an order have one or more basic characteristicsin common .
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