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BRUSSELS NOTEBOOKPrimary Points of the EU Energy Strategy● The European Union will become increasinglydependent on external energy sources; enlargement willnot change the situation; based on current forecasts,dependence will reach 70% in 2030.● The European Union has very limited scope toinfluence energy supply conditions; it is essentially onPrimary Pointsof Discussion for EU Member StatesCan the European Union acceptan increase in its dependenceon external energysources without compromisingits security of supply and Europeancompetitiveness? For which sources ofenergy would it be appropriate, if thiswere the case, to foresee a frameworkpolicy for imports? In this context, is itappropriate to favor an economic approach:energy cost; or geopolitical approach:risk of disruption?2Does not Europe’s increasinglyintegrated internal market,where decisions taken in onecountry have an impact on theothers, call for a consistent and coordinatedpolicy at Community level? Whatshould such a policy consist of andwhere should competition rules fit in?3Are tax and State aid policiesin the energy sector an obstacleto competitiveness inthe European Union or not?Given the failure of attempts to harmonizeindirect taxation, should notthe whole issue of energy taxation bere-examined taking account of energyand environmental objectives?In the framework of an ongoingdialogue with producercountries, what should supplyand investment promotionagreements contain? Given the importanceof a partnership with Russia inparticular, how can stable quantities,prices and investments be guaranteed?5Should more reserves bestockpiled – as already donefor oil – and should other energysources be included,such as gas or coal? Should the Communitytake on a greater role in stockmanagement and, if so, what shouldthe objectives and modalities be? Doesthe risk of physical disruption to energysupplies justify more onerous measuresfor access to resources?6How can we ensure the developmentand better operationof energy transport networksin the European Unionand neighboring countries that enablethe internal market to function properlyand guarantee security of supply?the demand side that the EU can intervene, mainlyby promoting energy saving in buildings and thetransport sector.1 4 7● At present, the European Union is not in a position torespond to the challenge of climate change and to meetits commitments, notably under the Kyoto Protocol.The development of some renewableenergy sources callsfor major efforts in terms ofresearch and technologicaldevelopment, investment aid and operationalaid. Should co-financing ofthis aid include a contribution fromsectors which received substantial initialdevelopment aid and which arenow highly profitable (gas, oil, nuclearenergy)?8Seeing that nuclear energy isone of the elements in the debateon tackling climatechange and energy autonomy,how can the Community find a solutionto the problem of nuclear waste,reinforcing nuclear safety and developingresearch into reactors of the future,in particular fusion technology?9Which policies should permitthe European Union to fulfillits obligations within the KyotoProtocol? What measurescould be taken in order to exploit fullypotential energy savings which wouldhelp to reduce both our external dependenceand CO 2 emissions?26 AEGEAN NEWS SPRING 2003
10Can an ambitious programto promote biofuelsand other substitutefuels, including hydrogen,geared to 20% of total fuel consumptionby 2020, continue to be implementedvia national initiatives, orare coordinated decisions required ontaxation, distribution and prospectsfor agricultural production?11Should energy saving inbuildings (40% of energyconsumption),whether public or private,new or under renovation, be promotedthrough incentives such as taxbreaks, or are regulatory measures requiredalong the lines of those adoptedfor major industrial installations?12Energy saving in thetransport sector (32%of energy consumption)depends on redressingthe growing imbalance between roadhaulage and rail, Is this imbalance inevitable,or could corrective action betaken, however unpopular, note ably toencourage lower use of cars in urbanareas? How can the aims of opening upthe sector to competition, investment ininfrastructure to remove bottlenecksand intermodality be reconciled?EU DEPENDENCE ACCORDING TO ENERGY PRODUCT100%90%80%70%60%50%40%30%20%10%0%Solid fuels Oil Natural gas Total1990 2000 2010 2020 2030Adopting a policy of geopolitical diversification has not been ableto free the Union from effective dependence on the Middle East (for oil)and Russia (for natural gas). Indeed, a number of Member States,and in particular the applicant countries, are entirely dependenton a single gas pipeline that links them to a single supplier country.ENERGY PRODUCTION BY FUEL (in million toe)125013How can we developmore collaborative visionsand integrate thelong-term dimensioninto deliberations and actions undertakenby public authorities and otherinvolved parties in order to evolve asustainable system of energy supply?How are we to prepare the energy optionsfor the futures?1000750500250RenewablesNuclearNatural gasOilSolid fuels01990 2000 2010 2020 2030SPRING 2003 AEGEAN NEWS 27
Page 1: Aegean NewsT H E Q U A R T E R L Y
Page 5 and 6: contents8AkisTsohatzopoulosdiscusse
Page 7 and 8: Dimitris MelissanidisAn Interview w
Page 9 and 10: Greece & Turkey Sign Pipeline Agree
Page 11 and 12: Our EuropeSharing the Futurein a Co
Page 13 and 14: 45International Petroleum Prices: 1
Page 15 and 16: PHOTOS: YIORGOS DEPOLLASSPRING 2003
Page 17 and 18: The New Faceof OLP(PIRAEUS PORT AUT
Page 19 and 20: KILKIS SERRESPELLA 1020FLORINA231TH
Page 21 and 22: LUBRICANTSAegean and ChevronTexacoA
Page 23 and 24: Sales and AestheticsOn the UpswingT
Page 25 and 26: offer high-quality services. That i
Page 27: MARITIME TRADITIONSOcean linersThe
Page 31 and 32: FORUMBilateral Trade RelationsHow i
Page 33 and 34: A look that saysTHE AEGEAN IMAGE“

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