Haiti – Dominican Republic - Disasters and Conflicts - UNEP

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ForewordThe joint management of transboundary natural resources: a first step towards the resolution ofbinational environmental and social conflictsThe issues in the border zone of Haiti and the Dominican Republic are perceived in different ways bypeople living and working in the region. Some feel that despite the problems that may arise here, thearea provides an opportunity for the people of our two countries to cooperate, share experiences andfind joint solutions to shared problems. At the same time, others consider the border zone as a regionwhere development opportunities are limited by poverty and isolation.Notwithstanding these different perspectives, addressing the challenges in the border zone is important notonly for the development of local communities, but also for the implementation of cooperation strategiesand joint initiatives between the two countries. For this reason, the governments, development actors,and civil society in both countries have strengthened their efforts in the border zone and are building onsuccessful initiatives that have already taken place.Among these efforts, we would like to mention those initiatives adopted at both the community andgovernment levels that seek to address the diverse challenges in the border zone, some of which havestemmed from the short-sighted exploitation of natural resources. At the same time, we welcome theefforts of the Joint Dominican-Haitian Bilateral Commission, a flagship initiative which will guide theimplementation of joint interventions in the border zone. This initiative, which originates from the highestlevels of both States, has catalyzed the development of an increasing number of binational programs.In the environmental sector, momentum for joint programs has also grown. On 16 May 2011, the Ministryof Environment and Natural Resources of the Dominican Republic, the Ministry of Environment of Haiti,and the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, signed a Declaration of Intent, in Ouanaminthe, for theTriangular Cooperation between the three parties, to support the Frontera Verde Programme. The first stepin this cooperation was to implement the first phase of the Transboundary Natural Resource Managementand Restoration Project, focusing on the Massacre and Pedernales Watersheds. Technical support in theimplementation of this work is being provided by UNEP and UNDP. This commitment further highlightsthe willingness of our two governments to jointly address the problems associated with natural resourcemanagement in the border zone.We are aware that in order to effectively address the challenges faced in the border zone, a deepunderstanding and an accurate analysis of the driving forces that have contributed to the present situationis necessary. For this reason, we welcome this report and analysis on the state of transboundary naturalresources and how they are linked with different aspects of life both within the border zone and withinour respective countries. This report provides information on natural resources and their role in trade,agriculture, human mobility, energy, among others.This document provides up-to-date information and confirms the close relationship that exists betweenthe state of transboundary natural resources, poverty, and recurring social conflicts. In this respect, thisreport is an indispensable tool that will inform decision making in the coming years.4 Haiti – Dominican Republic: Environmental challenges in the border zone
We congratulate all those who contributed to the preparation of this report, both from our Ministries, UNEP,and other institutions. We invite all actors that are providing assistance, or that are asked to intervene in theborder zone, to consult this report and to take into consideration its recommendations when carrying outfuture action. We are firmly committed and dedicated to take the conclusions and recommendationsof this report to the highest levels of our governments. It will inform the work of the Joint Dominican-Haitian Bilateral Commission as well as guide the political decisions and actions undertaken in theborder zone.DR. JEAN FRANCOIS THOMASMinister of Environment, HaitiDR. BAUTISTA ROJAS GÓMEZMinister of Environment and NaturalResources, Dominican RepublicHaiti – Dominican Republic: Environmental challenges in the border zone5
Page 1: Haiti - Dominican RepublicEnvironme
Page 9: countries. These issues include the
Page 13: The differing levels of tree cover
Page 16 and 17: A member of the assessment team col
Page 18 and 19: Members of the assessment team inte
Page 20 and 21: Consultation workshops were held in
Page 22 and 23: Table 1. Key facts and statistics f
Page 24 and 25: wandering over depleted fields and
Page 26 and 27: ClimateThe different parts of Hispa
Page 28 and 29: Natural river flow variability due
Page 30 and 31: EarthquakesHispaniola is located on
Page 32: consumption and production culture
Page 36 and 37: Map 6. The northern coast and the M
Page 39 and 40: Map 8. The area surrounding the lak
Page 41 and 42: although it is estimated to be much
Page 43 and 44: Figure 3. Seasonality of food insec
Page 45 and 46: e sold for a profit on the other si
Page 47 and 48: viCase study 2. Comité Intermunici
Page 49 and 50: Part 2 Identification andAnalysis o
Page 51 and 52: and local issues. These include, fo
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Lacking productive topsoil this lan
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5 Forest resources andterrestrial p
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Satellite image 3. In the Massacre
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un the risk of being either impriso
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eing transported from the Dominican
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5.5 Collection of fuel woodFuel woo
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!^5.6 Protected area management and
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locations is contrasted with a degr
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Enough is known, however, to be cer
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plantations that the habitat will n
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Satellite image 6. Just before reac
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interventions if well designed do w
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contaminated rivers are disease vec
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crust substantial enough to be the
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7 Coastal and marineresources7.1 In
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tuna, sea bream, yellowtail, hake,
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Mangroves are being cut to be sold
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Case study 6. Cooperation between f
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private sector better informed. Cus
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carrying money, and missing their d
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etween these two cordilleras), but
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Mineral exploration is starting in
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assessment team are all small scale
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Extreme poverty is a key driving fo
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it is present. The Haitian populati
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Atlantic storms will double in the
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A charcoal kiln burning inside the
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Table 5. Summary of the key recomme
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Ten recommendations are provided un
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oth environmentally damaging and li
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Improving cooperation and governanc
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f. Create and formalize fishing agr
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g. In the long term, aim for variou
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Haiti - Dominican Republic: Environ
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Annex I - Report terminologyArgumen
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Annex II - List of Acronyms and Abb
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Annex IV - Table connecting thereco
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23. United States Census Bureau. (2
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73. UN Development Programme - Haï
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117. Urban Design Lab, Columbia Uni
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161. Miniel, L. (2012, 20 April). I
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204. Peralta, C. (2012, 18 April).
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246. González Sánchez, F.F. (2012
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290. Laboratoire des Relations Hait
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Annex VI - AcknowledgementsContribu
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Claude PhanorMartin RapillyAdelita
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José Cristino CastilloRobert Crowl
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www.unep.org/disastersandconflicts
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