Quasilinear parabolic problems with nonlinear boundary conditions
Quasilinear parabolic problems with nonlinear boundary conditions Quasilinear parabolic problems with nonlinear boundary conditions
Note that φp only depends upon the data and the selected extension operator. We now set p0 := γp − γφp. (5.29) Then clearly, γp can be determined immediately as soon as p0 is known, and vice versa. Putting p1 := φp| n+1 R ∈ Z−1 := H + δa p (J; H−1 p (R n+1 + ))∩Lp(J; H1 p(R n+1 + )), it further follows from the construction of φp that (5.23) is equivalent to the identity By the mixed derivative theorem, we have Notice also that Consequently p = e −Gy p0 + p1. (5.30) Z−1 ↩→ H δa 2 p (J; Lp(R n+1 + )) ∩ Lp(J; H 1 p(R n+1 + )). e −Gy p0 ∈ 0H δa 2 p (J; Lp(R n+1 + )) ∩ Lp(J; H 1 p(R n+1 + )) δa (1− 2 ⇐⇒ p0 ∈ 0Y := 0B 1 p ) pp (J; Lp(R n )) ∩ Lp(J; B 1 1− p pp (Rn )). p0 ∈ 0Y ⇒ p ∈ H δa 2 p (J; Lp(R n+1 + )) ∩ Lp(J; H 1 p(R n+1 + )). According to Theorem 3.5.2, this regularity of p suffices to obtain (v, w) ∈ Z when (5.21) is solved for this pair of functions. In fact, let � � � � � v v0 fv − (db + u = , u0 = , f = w w0 1 3da) ∗ ∇xp fw − (db + 1 � , 3da) ∗ ∂yp � � � � A(1 ∗ gv) 0 −∇x h = , D = . γp −∇x· 0 Then system (5.21) is equivalent to the following problem for u. Setting ⎧ ⎨ ⎩ ∂tu − da ∗ ∆xu − da ∗ ∂ 2 yu = f, t ∈ J, x ∈ R n , y > 0 −γ∂yu + γDu = h, t ∈ J, x ∈ R n � fv − (db + f1 = 1 3da) ∗ ∇xp1 da) ∗ ∂yp1 fw − (db + 1 3 as well as � 1 −A(b + fp = 3a) ∗ ∇xe−Gyp0 A(b + 1 3a) ∗ Ge−Gyp0 the solution u can be written as where u1 is defined by means of ⎧ ⎨ ⎩ u|t=0 = u0, x ∈ R n , y > 0. � � A(1 ∗ gv) , h1 = γp1 � � 0 , hp = p0 � , � , (5.31) u = u1 + up, (5.32) ∂tu1 − da ∗ ∆xu1 − da ∗ ∂ 2 yu1 = f1, t ∈ J, x ∈ R n , y > 0 −γ∂yu1 + γDu1 = h1, t ∈ J, x ∈ R n u1|t=0 = u0, x ∈ R n , y > 0, 86 (5.33)
and up solves � Aup − ∆xup − ∂ 2 yup = fp, t ∈ J, x ∈ R n , y > 0 −γ∂yup + γDup = hp, t ∈ J, x ∈ R n . (5.34) Observe that u1 is determined by the data and does not depend on p0. Note further that the compatibility condition is satisfied in either case. Theorem 3.5.2 yields u1 ∈ Z. To summarize we see that step 2 shows the equivalence as well as the implication (5.21), (5.23) ⇔ (5.30), (5.32), (5.34), (5.35) p0 ∈ 0Y ⇒ (v, w) ∈ Z. (5.36) Step 3. We will now employ condition (5.22), together with (5.32),(5.34), to derive a formula for p0. To begin with, the function up can be written in the form up(y)=e −F y (F + D) −1 hp + 1 −1 F 2 (cp. Prüss [65, p. 6]), which implies � ∞ γup = (F + D) −1 hp + (F + D) −1 0 [e −F |y−s| + (F − D)(F + D) −1 e −F (y+s) ]fp(s) ds � ∞ A short computation using the Fourier transform shows that (F + D) −1 � F + ((∇x∇x·) + Dn)F = −1 ∇x· ∇x F � so we obtain and furthermore γvp = ∇xF −2 1 p0 − F F −2 1 +∇xF −2 1 γ∇x · vp = ∆xF −2 � ∞ 0 � ∞ 1 p0 − ∆xF F −2 1 +∆xF −2 1 1 A(b + 1 p0 − ∆xF −2 1 = ∆xF −2 On the one hand, we now have 0 0 e −F s fp(s) ds. F −2 1 , F1 := (A + 2Dn) 1 2 , e −F s A(b + 1 3 a) ∗ ∇xe −Gs p0 ds+ e −F s A(b + 1 3 a) ∗ Ge−Gs p0 ds, 1 A(b + 3a) ∗ (F + G)−1p0+ 3a) ∗ G(F + G)−1p0 1 A(b + 3a) ∗ (F − G)(F + G)−1p0. (5.37) −γ∂yw = −γ∂ywp − γ∂yw1 = γ∇x · vp + p0 − γ∂yw1. (5.38) On the other hand, it follows from (5.22) that −γ∂yw = 1 = 1 2A(1 ∗ gw) − 1 2 2A(b − 3a) ∗ γp 2A(1 ∗ gw) − 1 2 2A(b − 3a) ∗ γp1 − 1 2 2A(b − 3a) ∗ p0. (5.39) 87
- Page 38 and 39: x := f(0) ∈ X exists and we are l
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- Page 65 and 66: Turning to (c), let g ∈ Ξi+1 and
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and up solves<br />
� Aup − ∆xup − ∂ 2 yup = fp, t ∈ J, x ∈ R n , y > 0<br />
−γ∂yup + γDup = hp, t ∈ J, x ∈ R n .<br />
(5.34)<br />
Observe that u1 is determined by the data and does not depend on p0. Note further<br />
that the compatibility condition is satisfied in either case. Theorem 3.5.2 yields u1 ∈ Z.<br />
To summarize we see that step 2 shows the equivalence<br />
as well as the implication<br />
(5.21), (5.23) ⇔ (5.30), (5.32), (5.34), (5.35)<br />
p0 ∈ 0Y ⇒ (v, w) ∈ Z. (5.36)<br />
Step 3. We will now employ condition (5.22), together <strong>with</strong> (5.32),(5.34), to derive a<br />
formula for p0.<br />
To begin <strong>with</strong>, the function up can be written in the form<br />
up(y)=e −F y (F + D) −1 hp + 1 −1<br />
F<br />
2<br />
(cp. Prüss [65, p. 6]), which implies<br />
� ∞<br />
γup = (F + D) −1 hp + (F + D) −1<br />
0<br />
[e −F |y−s| + (F − D)(F + D) −1 e −F (y+s) ]fp(s) ds<br />
� ∞<br />
A short computation using the Fourier transform shows that<br />
(F + D) −1 �<br />
F + ((∇x∇x·) + Dn)F<br />
=<br />
−1 ∇x·<br />
∇x<br />
F<br />
�<br />
so we obtain<br />
and furthermore<br />
γvp = ∇xF −2<br />
1 p0 − F F −2<br />
1<br />
+∇xF −2<br />
1<br />
γ∇x · vp = ∆xF −2<br />
� ∞<br />
0<br />
� ∞<br />
1 p0 − ∆xF F −2<br />
1<br />
+∆xF −2 1<br />
1 A(b +<br />
1 p0 − ∆xF −2<br />
1<br />
= ∆xF −2<br />
On the one hand, we now have<br />
0<br />
0<br />
e −F s fp(s) ds.<br />
F −2<br />
1 , F1 := (A + 2Dn) 1<br />
2 ,<br />
e −F s A(b + 1<br />
3 a) ∗ ∇xe −Gs p0 ds+<br />
e −F s A(b + 1<br />
3 a) ∗ Ge−Gs p0 ds,<br />
1 A(b + 3a) ∗ (F + G)−1p0+ 3a) ∗ G(F + G)−1p0 1 A(b + 3a) ∗ (F − G)(F + G)−1p0. (5.37)<br />
−γ∂yw = −γ∂ywp − γ∂yw1 = γ∇x · vp + p0 − γ∂yw1. (5.38)<br />
On the other hand, it follows from (5.22) that<br />
−γ∂yw = 1<br />
= 1<br />
2A(1 ∗ gw) − 1 2<br />
2A(b − 3a) ∗ γp<br />
2A(1 ∗ gw) − 1 2<br />
2A(b − 3a) ∗ γp1 − 1 2<br />
2A(b − 3a) ∗ p0. (5.39)<br />
87