STATES OF EMERGENCY - Patrick Lagadec

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Contentsix6. Perspectives: the debate is open .................................................................... 2531. The people in charge: how to manage in a great black void?................................ 2532. The other actors: how much margin for manœuvre? ............................................ 2573. What disturbances could a major crisis cause? .................................................... 266Conclusion ....................................................................................................... 275References ......................................................................................................... 279
IntroductionIn recent years, a whole series of technological breakdowns hasconsiderably heightened the concern felt in our societies about major safetyissues. From governments, public administrations and industrial groups topress organs, elected officials, unions, associations, and in the general public,we are all increasingly aware of the problem of major technological hazards- "three words", we wrote in 1980, "that raise innumerable technicalquestions, social issues, and particularly formidable challenges for politicalawareness and action in our time" (1).After the warnings of the 1970s,the big shocks of the 1980sIn writing The Risk Civilization (2), we focused on the simple warningsgiven during the 1970s by events like Seveso and Three Mile Island. Today,we know that the concept of major technological risk is more than just anintellectual framework:- Mexico City, November 1984: explosions and a general fire producing adomino effect in a gas storage site located within a densely populated area.For hours, the firefighters couldn't get within a kilometer of the inferno. Gasreservoirs weighing several tons were transformed into missiles flying asmuch as 400 meters before crashing into the downtown area. Huge chunks ofmetal were projected more than two kilometers away. The toll: more than800 immediate deaths (1000 - 2000 according to the press), more than 7000severely wounded; 200,000 shock victims fled the area. A shadow wassuddenly cast on the country's entire urban and industrial planning system,and Mexico was far from being the only country concerned by the problem- Bhopal, December 1984: a cloud of toxic gas hits the capital of theMadhya Pradesh region. More than 2300 die, more than 60,000 are injured.America's third largest chemical group must fight for its survival. A hastydiscussion develops over the utility of transferring industrial technology fromNorth to South. The world's chemical industry is doubt-shaken, as its image
Page 1 and 2: STATES OF EMERGENCYTechnological Fa
Page 3: viiiContents- Edgar Fasel..........
Page 7 and 8: Introduction 3And what goes for maj
Page 9 and 10: Introduction 5It is not hard to mea
Page 11 and 12: Introduction 7Look for example at t
Page 13 and 14: PART ONETechnical Breakdown,Crisis
Page 15 and 16: 12 Technical breakdown, crisis and
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Page 44 and 45: 3. In the thick of thingsThe most r
Page 46 and 47: MARC BECAMThe oil spill from the
Page 48 and 49: M. Becam: The "Amoco Cadiz" 47Trava
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Page 52 and 53: M. Becam: The "Amoco Cadiz" 51M. BE
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M. Becam: The "Amoco Cadiz" 53way:
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RICHARD THORNBURGHThree Mile Island
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R. Thornburgh: Three Mile Island 57
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D.K Burrows: Mississauga 67We chose
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D .K Burrows: Mississauga 69look af
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D.K Burrows: Mississauga 71D.K. BUR
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D.K Burrows: Mississauga 73P.L.: No
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76 Technological crises and the act
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EDGAR FASELSchweizerhalleand the po
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PHILIPPE VESSERONThe case of the Se
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100 Technological crises and the ac
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Technological crises and the actors
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Technological crises and the actors
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LUCIEN ABENHAIMUncertainty, the exp
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PIERRE BOBE AND JACQUES FOURNIERIn
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ROBERT L. DILENSCHNEIDEREthics and
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FRANÇOIS AILLERETAn attitude of op
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LAURENT FABIUSOur societies: ill-pr
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214Technological crises and the act
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ENRICO QUARANTELLIThirty years of c
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PART THREELandmarks for ActionQuest
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236 Landmarks for action. Questions
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6. Perspectives: the debate is open
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276 Conclusionsituations of excepti
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ReferencesIntroduction1. P. Lagadec
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References 281Chapter 21. Newsweek,
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References 28314. Interview with Lu
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STATES OF EMERGENCY - Patrick Lagadec

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