Fukuoka method by Fukuoka City

East (Fushitani)Landfill・・・LandfillboundaryTotal area: Approx. 644,000m2Filled area :Approx. 225,000m2Capacity : Approx. 3.74 million t (3.4 million m3)Time duration :Since April 19883

Hisayama Grounds Golf Course, created in Zone 1 of the completedlandfill23 Oct 2009Area of former landfill site:13,000m28 holes (240m)×2 coursesBeginning of service:August 2007

West(Nakata)landfillLandfill zone (Filled area)Grounds (Total area)Total area :380,000m2,Filled area: 180,000m2Capacity: 2,380,000 t (1.8 million m3)(As of late March 2009, 655,000 t (~28%filled )Time duration:~20 years since 19965

March 20076

August 20077

October 2009Gas vent8

Opening of the leachate collection & drainagepipeConstruction of leachate collection &drainage pipe9

Solid Waste Retaining Structure10

Development of the Fukuoka Method(Semi-Aerobic LandfillStructure)Fukuoka City’s landfill around 1970(Hatta Landfill )Until the 1960~70s、Japan, like many other Asian countries today, usedanaerobic landfillsLead to environmental problems suchas toxic leachate and foul odorThe start of experiments to improve landfills, aimingto purify leachate

Experiments by Fukuoka City and Fukuoka UniversityAn Test Plant was constructed at Hisayama Landfill in 1973Left: Aerobic landfill experiment, Right: Improved anaerobic landfill experiment

Impact of Fukuoka Method: Leachate TreatmentAnaerobic landfill90%decomposedSemi-aerobic landfill99.9%decomposedAnaerobicAerobicAerobic landfillPassage of time (years)Improvement over time of the landfill structure and leachate’s biological oxygendemand (BOD) (combusible waste)

There are essentially 3 landfill methods1AnaerobicWaste• High emissions of harmful substances such as CO2,methane, etc• Waste is in a leachate state2AerobicWaste(Cross-section)• Relatively less emission of harmful substancessuch as CO2, methane, etc• Easy treatment of leachate• High cost of construction and maintenanceFukuoka Method3Semi-aerobic (Cross-section) • Relatively less emission of harmfulsubstances such as CO2, methane,etc• Easy treatment of leachate• Low construction andmaintenance costs14

Fukuoka Method(Semi-aerobic landfill method structure)DiagramWaste decompositionFermentation heatTemperature gap between landfill interior/exteriorAir circulation15

Advantages of the Fukuoka MethodThe Fukuoka Method:An efficient landfill method (=Semi-aerobic landfillstructure) with low environmental impact developed jointlyby Fukuoka City and Fukuoka UniversityKey aspects1 Advanced technology unnecessary2 Low cost3 Environmentally friendly

Construction of Fukuoka Method LandfillFukuoka City新 蒲 田 埋 立 場The first landfill in Japan to use thesemi-aerobic landfill structureShinkamata Landfill (1975)

全 景Example of utilization of a completed landfill siteSports parkFarmlandRefresh farmSchool forhandicappedchildrenWaste watertreatment plantZuibaiji RiverPost-landfill Site Utilization -Imazu Sports Park-

Imazu landfill – Images fromperiod of landfill constructiono(1975~1999)19

Imazu Today: Utilization of a Former Fukuoka Method Landfill SiteTennis courtソフトボール 場Imazu School forHandicapped ChildrenImazu RefreshFarm

International CooperationPakistan Waste TreatmentTechnology Training

People’s Republic of China:Landfill in Weifang City, Shandong ProvinceOctober 2003Landfill area 64,000m2Capacity ~1.16 million m3Time duration ~3 yearsDaily waste intake ~700t22

Sept 2004 23

Fukuoka City/Hakata Bay west coast zone