Programmer's Guide & Language Reference - Dyalog Limited

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Legal NamesChapter 1: Introduction 8APL objects may be given names. A name may be any sequence of characters, startingwith an alphabetic character, selected from the following:0123456789(but not as the 1 st character in a name)ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ_abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzÀÁÂÃÄÅÆÇÈÉÊËÌÍÎÏÐÑÒÓÔÕÖØÙÚÛÜÝßàáâãäåæçèéêëìíîïðñòóôõöøùúûüþ∆⍙ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZNote that using a standard Unicode font (rather than APL385 Unicode used in thetable above), the last row above would appear as the circled alphabet, A to Z.ExamplesLegalTHIS∆IS∆A∆NAMEIllegalX1233 3+21SALESpjb_1Specification of VariablesBAD NAMES!H|PRICE1_pjbA variable is a named array. An undefined name or an existing variable may beassigned an array by specification with the left arrow (←).ExamplesA←'CHIPS WITH EVERYTHING'ACHIPS WITH EVERYTHINGONETWOX Y←'ONE' 'TWO'XY
Vector NotationChapter 1: Introduction 9A series of two or more adjacent expressions results in a vector whose elements arethe enclosed arrays resulting from each expression. This is known as VECTOR (orSTRAND) NOTATION. Each expression in the series may consist of one of the following:a. a single numeric value;b. single character, within a pair of quotes;c. more than one character, within a pair of quotes;d. the name of a variable;e. the evaluated input symbol ⎕;f. the quote-quad symbol ⍞;g. the name of a niladic, defined function yielding a result;h. any other APL expression which yields a result, within parentheses.Examples32⍴A←2 4 10⍴TEXT←'ONE' 'TWO'Numbers and characters may be mixed:⍴X←'THE ANSWER IS ' 102X[1]THE ANSWER ISX[2] + 3242Blanks, quotes or parentheses must separate adjacent items in vector notation.Redundant blanks and parentheses are permitted. In this manual, the symbol pair '←→'indicates the phrase 'is equivalent to'.
Page 1 and 2: The tool of thought for expert prog
Page 3 and 4: 3ContentsChapter 1: Introduction 1W
Page 5 and 6: And, Lowest Common Multiple: 223Ass
Page 7 and 8: 7Take with Axes: 317Times: 318Trans
Page 9 and 10: File Check and Repair: 431File Copy
Page 11 and 12: 11Shared Variable Retract Offer: 60
Page 13 and 14: KEY CODE TYPE ERROR 694FORMAT FILE
Page 15 and 16: Chapter 1: Introduction 1Chapter 1:
Page 17 and 18: Chapter 1: Introduction 3Namespaces
Page 19 and 20: Chapter 1: Introduction 5TypeAn arr
Page 21: Chapter 1: Introduction 7Enclosed E
Page 25 and 26: Display of ArraysChapter 1: Introdu
Page 27 and 28: Chapter 1: Introduction 13Examples2
Page 29 and 30: Prototypes and Fill ItemsChapter 1:
Page 31 and 32: ExpressionsChapter 1: Introduction
Page 33 and 34: Chapter 1: Introduction 19Defined F
Page 35 and 36: OperatorsChapter 1: Introduction 21
Page 37 and 38: Complex NumbersChapter 1: Introduct
Page 39 and 40: Chapter 1: Introduction 25Circular
Page 41 and 42: Chapter 1: Introduction 27128 Bit D
Page 43 and 44: Chapter 1: Introduction 29Structura
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 1: Introduction 31The Dyalo
Page 47 and 48: Chapter 1: Introduction 33You may a
Page 49 and 50: Chapter 1: Introduction 35Namespace
Page 51 and 52: Chapter 1: Introduction 37Notice th
Page 53 and 54: Chapter 1: Introduction 39An altern
Page 55 and 56: Chapter 1: Introduction 41Note that
Page 57 and 58: Chapter 1: Introduction 43⍝ Struc
Page 59 and 60: Chapter 1: Introduction 45Namespace
Page 61 and 62: Chapter 1: Introduction 47When a pa
Page 63 and 64: Chapter 1: Introduction 49Name Scop
Page 65 and 66: Chapter 1: Introduction 51∇ INIT;
Page 67 and 68: Chapter 1: Introduction 53Now, alth
Page 69 and 70: Chapter 1: Introduction 55Synchroni
Page 71 and 72: Chapter 1: Introduction 57Latch Exa
Page 73 and 74:
Chapter 1: Introduction 59Removing
Page 75 and 76:
Component FilesChapter 1: Introduct
Page 77 and 78:
Chapter 2: Defined Functions & Oper
Page 79 and 80:
Page 81 and 82:
Page 83 and 84:
Function Declaration StatementsChap
Page 85 and 86:
Page 87 and 88:
Page 89 and 90:
Page 91 and 92:
Page 93 and 94:
Page 95 and 96:
Page 97 and 98:
Page 99 and 100:
Page 101 and 102:
Page 103 and 104:
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
TriggersChapter 2: Defined Function
Page 115 and 116:
Page 117 and 118:
Page 119 and 120:
Page 121 and 122:
Page 123 and 124:
Page 125 and 126:
Page 127 and 128:
Page 129 and 130:
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
Page 139 and 140:
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
Page 149 and 150:
Page 151 and 152:
Chapter 3: Object Oriented Programi
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Page 157 and 158:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
DestructorsChapter 3: Object Orient
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189 and 190:
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
Namespace ScriptsChapter 3: Object
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223 and 224:
Page 225 and 226:
Page 227 and 228:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 213C
Page 229 and 230:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 215D
Page 231 and 232:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 217T
Page 233 and 234:
ConformabilityFill ElementsChapter
Page 235 and 236:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 221A
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239 and 240:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 225F
Page 241 and 242:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 235E
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 241P
Page 257 and 258:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 243W
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 251I
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 267N
Page 283 and 284:
Page 285 and 286:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 271G
Page 287 and 288:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 273G
Page 289 and 290:
Page 291 and 292:
Page 293 and 294:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 279
Page 295 and 296:
Page 297 and 298:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 283R
Page 299 and 300:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 285L
Page 301 and 302:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 287L
Page 303 and 304:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 289M
Page 305 and 306:
Page 307 and 308:
Page 309 and 310:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 295N
Page 311 and 312:
Page 313 and 314:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 299]
Page 315 and 316:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 301P
Page 317 and 318:
Page 319 and 320:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 305,
Page 321 and 322:
Page 323 and 324:
Page 325 and 326:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 311i
Page 327 and 328:
Chapter 4: Primitive Functions 313S
Page 329 and 330:
Page 331 and 332:
Page 333 and 334:
Page 335 and 336:
Chapter 5: Primitive Operators 321C
Page 337 and 338:
Operators (A-Z)Chapter 5: Primitive
Page 339 and 340:
Chapter 5: Primitive Operators 325A
Page 341 and 342:
Chapter 5: Primitive Operators 327E
Page 343 and 344:
Page 345 and 346:
Page 347 and 348:
Page 349 and 350:
Chapter 5: Primitive Operators 335I
Page 351 and 352:
Chapter 5: Primitive Operators 337P
Page 353 and 354:
Chapter 5: Primitive Operators 339R
Page 355 and 356:
,/''^Chapter 5: Primitive Operators
Page 357 and 358:
Chapter 5: Primitive Operators 343S
Page 359 and 360:
Page 361 and 362:
Chapter 5: Primitive Operators 347T
Page 363 and 364:
Chapter 5: Primitive Operators 349I
Page 365 and 366:
Page 367 and 368:
Chapter 5: Primitive Operators 353M
Page 369 and 370:
Page 371 and 372:
Page 373 and 374:
Chapter 5: Primitive Operators 359H
Page 375 and 376:
Chapter 5: Primitive Operators 361F
Page 377 and 378:
Page 379 and 380:
Page 381 and 382:
Chapter 6: System Functions & Varia
Page 383 and 384:
System VariablesChapter 6: System F
Page 385 and 386:
System ConstantsChapter 6: System F
Page 387 and 388:
Page 389 and 390:
Page 391 and 392:
Page 393 and 394:
Page 395 and 396:
Page 397 and 398:
Page 399 and 400:
Page 401 and 402:
Page 403 and 404:
Page 405 and 406:
Page 407 and 408:
Page 409 and 410:
Page 411 and 412:
Page 413 and 414:
Page 415 and 416:
Page 417 and 418:
Page 419 and 420:
Page 421 and 422:
Page 423 and 424:
Page 425 and 426:
Page 427 and 428:
Page 429 and 430:
Page 431 and 432:
Page 433 and 434:
Page 435 and 436:
Page 437 and 438:
Page 439 and 440:
Page 441 and 442:
Page 443 and 444:
Page 445 and 446:
Page 447 and 448:
Page 449 and 450:
Page 451 and 452:
Page 453 and 454:
Page 455 and 456:
Page 457 and 458:
Page 459 and 460:
Page 461 and 462:
Page 463 and 464:
Page 465 and 466:
Page 467 and 468:
Page 469 and 470:
Page 471 and 472:
Page 473 and 474:
Page 475 and 476:
Page 477 and 478:
Page 479 and 480:
Page 481 and 482:
Page 483 and 484:
Page 485 and 486:
Page 487 and 488:
Page 489 and 490:
Page 491 and 492:
Page 493 and 494:
Page 495 and 496:
Page 497 and 498:
Page 499 and 500:
Page 501 and 502:
Page 503 and 504:
Page 505 and 506:
Page 507 and 508:
Page 509 and 510:
Page 511 and 512:
Page 513 and 514:
Page 515 and 516:
Page 517 and 518:
Page 519 and 520:
Page 521 and 522:
Page 523 and 524:
Page 525 and 526:
Page 527 and 528:
Page 529 and 530:
Page 531 and 532:
Page 533 and 534:
Page 535 and 536:
Page 537 and 538:
Page 539 and 540:
Page 541 and 542:
Page 543 and 544:
Page 545 and 546:
Page 547 and 548:
Page 549 and 550:
Page 551 and 552:
Page 553 and 554:
Page 555 and 556:
Page 557 and 558:
Page 559 and 560:
Page 561 and 562:
Page 563 and 564:
Page 565 and 566:
Page 567 and 568:
Page 569 and 570:
Page 571 and 572:
Page 573 and 574:
Page 575 and 576:
Page 577 and 578:
Page 579 and 580:
Page 581 and 582:
Page 583 and 584:
Page 585 and 586:
Page 587 and 588:
Page 589 and 590:
Page 591 and 592:
Page 593 and 594:
Page 595 and 596:
Page 597 and 598:
Page 599 and 600:
Page 601 and 602:
Page 603 and 604:
Page 605 and 606:
Page 607 and 608:
Page 609 and 610:
Page 611 and 612:
Page 613 and 614:
Page 615 and 616:
Page 617 and 618:
Page 619 and 620:
Page 621 and 622:
Page 623 and 624:
Page 625 and 626:
Page 627 and 628:
Page 629 and 630:
Page 631 and 632:
Page 633 and 634:
Page 635 and 636:
Page 637 and 638:
Page 639 and 640:
Page 641 and 642:
Page 643 and 644:
Page 645 and 646:
Page 647 and 648:
Page 649 and 650:
Page 651 and 652:
Page 653 and 654:
Page 655 and 656:
Page 657 and 658:
Page 659 and 660:
Page 661 and 662:
Page 663 and 664:
Page 665 and 666:
Page 667 and 668:
Page 669 and 670:
Page 671 and 672:
Chapter 7: System Commands 657Chapt
Page 673 and 674:
Chapter 7: System Commands 659List
Page 675 and 676:
Chapter 7: System Commands 661Imple
Page 677 and 678:
Chapter 7: System Commands 663When
Page 679 and 680:
Chapter 7: System Commands 665Edit
Page 681 and 682:
Chapter 7: System Commands 667Displ
Page 683 and 684:
Chapter 7: System Commands 669Load
Page 685 and 686:
Page 687 and 688:
Page 689 and 690:
Chapter 7: System Commands 675Execu
Page 691 and 692:
Chapter 7: System Commands 677Threa
Page 693 and 694:
Page 695 and 696:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 681Chapte
Page 697 and 698:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 683APL Er
Page 699 and 700:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 685Error
Page 701 and 702:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 687Operat
Page 703 and 704:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 689Window
Page 705 and 706:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 691defn e
Page 707 and 708:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 693FIELD
Page 709 and 710:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 695FILE A
Page 711 and 712:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 697FILE N
Page 713 and 714:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 699FILE T
Page 715 and 716:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 701INTERN
Page 717 and 718:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 703It is
Page 719 and 720:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 705Exampl
Page 721 and 722:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 707SYNTAX
Page 723 and 724:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 709too ma
Page 725 and 726:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 711warnin
Page 727 and 728:
Operating System Error MessagesChap
Page 729 and 730:
Chapter 8: Error Messages 715FILE E
Page 731 and 732:
Appendices: PCRE Specifications 717
Page 733 and 734:
Page 735 and 736:
Page 737 and 738:
Page 739 and 740:
Symbolic Index 725Symbolic Index+ S
Page 741 and 742:
Symbolic Index 727⎕AISee account
Page 743 and 744:
Symbolic Index 729⎕TSSee time sta
Page 745 and 746:
Index 731IndexAabort function 221ab
Page 747 and 748:
Index 733composition operatorform I
Page 749 and 750:
Index 735else-if condition 74else q
Page 751 and 752:
Index 737getting properties of GUI
Page 753 and 754:
Index 739direction 242disclose 244e
Page 755 and 756:
Index 741partition function 298part
Page 757 and 758:
Index 743shape of arrays 4share-tyi
Page 759 and 760:
Index 745warning label name present
show all

Programmer's Guide & Language Reference - Dyalog Limited

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?