For an effective implementation of CLCs, great importance is given to the capacity-build<strong>in</strong>g ofCLC personnel. A number of tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>gs at national/sub-regional levels are organized annually. TheCont<strong>in</strong>u<strong>in</strong>g Education Department (CED) has conducted some projects for CLC development <strong>and</strong>has also collected statistics across the country related to facilities, equipment, number oflearners, <strong>and</strong> tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g courses.Special & Innovative Features of ProgrammeOrientation meet<strong>in</strong>gs to <strong>in</strong>troduce laws, policies <strong>and</strong> guidel<strong>in</strong>es from the central to the grassrootslevel; Great importance is given to the capacity build<strong>in</strong>g of CLC personnel; Tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g aboutmethods of agricultural production <strong>and</strong> health problems is focused; Use of the CLCs as<strong>in</strong>formation centres by the local people; The CLCs help ma<strong>in</strong>ta<strong>in</strong> traditional forms of employment<strong>in</strong> localities, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g traditional culture.Challenges & Problems FacedVietnam has development CLCs across a large part of the country. However, there is still a biggap between the numbers of CLCs located <strong>in</strong> the North vs. the South. For example, the numberof CLCs <strong>in</strong> the North (2,244) is ten times higher than <strong>in</strong> the South (288). In general, CLCs are setup on l<strong>and</strong> belong<strong>in</strong>g to People’s Committees <strong>and</strong> use their facilities. The number of effectiveCLCs constitutes about one-third of the total number of CLCs, but till today, there are many CLCsthat are short of libraries, books, tra<strong>in</strong><strong>in</strong>g manuals for CLC personnel <strong>and</strong> workbooks for learners.Potential for Susta<strong>in</strong>abilityThe CLCs help people to l<strong>in</strong>k closely with adm<strong>in</strong>istrative officers <strong>and</strong> to underst<strong>and</strong> their work.CLCs help localities keep a peaceful atmosphere <strong>in</strong> rural areas where the liv<strong>in</strong>g conditions <strong>and</strong><strong>in</strong>comes are always lower than <strong>in</strong> urban areas; <strong>and</strong> also help to br<strong>in</strong>g about improvements <strong>in</strong> ruralareas, <strong>in</strong>clud<strong>in</strong>g <strong>in</strong>creased family <strong>in</strong>comes <strong>and</strong> an improved quality of life, access to lifelonglearn<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> build<strong>in</strong>g self-reliance.2.2 CLC <strong>Programmes</strong> <strong>in</strong> the Asia Pacific Region: Summary F<strong>in</strong>d<strong>in</strong>gs at a GlanceThe review <strong>and</strong> assessment of CLC programmes from the Asia Pacific Region shows that all theprogrammes shared common features <strong>and</strong> characteristics <strong>in</strong> terms of their aims <strong>and</strong> objectives,nature <strong>and</strong> implementation methods, as well as <strong>in</strong> their strengths, problems <strong>and</strong> achievements.However, a number of variations were also observed.In this section, the commonalities <strong>and</strong> variations have been summarized <strong>in</strong> the form ofcomparative tables, with a focus on the strengths, <strong>in</strong>novative features, challenges <strong>and</strong> problemsfaced, <strong>and</strong> the potential for the susta<strong>in</strong>ability of the programmes. Table 2 below presents<strong>in</strong>dicators of strength; <strong>and</strong> Table 3 shows <strong>in</strong>novative features, by programme. Table 4 exam<strong>in</strong>esproblems <strong>and</strong> challenges <strong>in</strong> implementation; <strong>and</strong> Table 5 looks at issues of susta<strong>in</strong>ability.28
Table 2: Selected Indicators of Strengths as Reflected by Country <strong>Programmes</strong>BangladeshBhutanCh<strong>in</strong>aIndiaIndonesiaIranKazakhstanCountriesIndicatorsEffective√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ - √ √ √ √policy/PlanRelevance with √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √communityneedsEasy Access √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √Relevance with √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √EFA/<strong>NFE</strong>/CE<strong>Good</strong>√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ - √ √ √ √managementResource√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √provisionEnhanced√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √communityparticipationProgramme √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √acceptanceProvision of local √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √supportUseful√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √curriculum &contentsFunctional√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √literacy/ SkillbasedcontentsTra<strong>in</strong>ed &√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √efficientteachers/staffInteractive & √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √Effective deliverymethodsMarg<strong>in</strong>alized √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √target groupsFeedback√ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √through M&EL<strong>in</strong>kages with √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ - √ √ √ √otherprogrammesPotential for √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √Susta<strong>in</strong>abilityNo or Nom<strong>in</strong>al √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √drop-out ratesLow cost system √ √ - - - - - - - - - - - -Use of A/V Aids - √ √ - - - - √ - - √ √ √ √& ICTMaldivesMyanmarNepalPakistanSri LankaThail<strong>and</strong>UzbekistanVietnam29