Fall survival, movements, and habitat use of American woodcock in ...

2003 Field Season Report · February 2004 13the non-hunted area in Michigan and the lightly-hunted area in Wisconsin. In the nonhuntedarea in Minnesota, predation was the primary source of mortality among birds forwhich the cause of death was known, but there were a larger number of mortalities forwhich the cause of death was unknown.In 2003, hunting appeared to be the primary cause of mortality in all 3 states inthe hunted areas (Table 9), although there were several birds for which the cause ofmortality is currently unknown. There was 1 mortality (cause unknown) in the nonhuntedarea in Michigan. Avian predation was the primary cause of mortality in the nonhuntedarea in Minnesota, and hunting was the primary cause of mortality in the lightlyhuntedarea in Wisconsin.MovementsIn 2002 and 2003, movement and corresponding habitat data were collected for58 AHY female woodcock across study sites in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan.The majority (90.9%) of distances between sequential daily locations by woodcock were