Fall survival, movements, and habitat use of American woodcock in ...
Fall survival, movements, and habitat use of American woodcock in ...
Fall survival, movements, and habitat use of American woodcock in ...
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
2003 Field Season Report · February 2004 9locations. Fixed kernel (50 <strong>and</strong> 95%) home ranges were estimated us<strong>in</strong>g the AnimalMovements Extension (Hooge 2002) <strong>in</strong> ArcView 3.3 us<strong>in</strong>g the error <strong>of</strong> locational data asthe smooth<strong>in</strong>g factor.Habitat UseWe measured <strong>habitat</strong> characteristics near (approximately 10 m distant) estimatedlocations <strong>of</strong> our <strong>in</strong>tensively monitored sample <strong>of</strong> AHY females. We classified <strong>habitat</strong>swhere birds were located accord<strong>in</strong>g to cover type <strong>and</strong> size class (seedl<strong>in</strong>g/sapl<strong>in</strong>g 30 cmDBH). Cover types we <strong>use</strong>d were aspen, northern mixed hardwoods, conifer, <strong>and</strong> mesicmixed hardwoods by size class <strong>and</strong> alder, upl<strong>and</strong> shrub, willow, sedge meadow, <strong>and</strong>unknown.To explore <strong>habitat</strong> selection at a ‘micro’ scale we compared variables betweensites <strong>use</strong>d by <strong>woodcock</strong> <strong>and</strong> r<strong>and</strong>om sites with<strong>in</strong> a st<strong>and</strong>. In 2002, we sampled r<strong>and</strong>omlocations with<strong>in</strong> the same <strong>habitat</strong> types that our marked <strong>woodcock</strong> were observed <strong>in</strong> us<strong>in</strong>ga r<strong>and</strong>om bear<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> distance (>20 m from bird location). Habitat sampl<strong>in</strong>g at pairedr<strong>and</strong>om po<strong>in</strong>ts was identical to that at <strong>woodcock</strong> locations <strong>and</strong> was done twice per week.In 2003, we established paired sites for AHY female <strong>woodcock</strong> locations us<strong>in</strong>g a r<strong>and</strong>ombear<strong>in</strong>g <strong>and</strong> r<strong>and</strong>om distance >35 <strong>and</strong>