Path of Freedom [Vimuttimagga]

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168 Vimuttimaggagreat supernormal power and who caused fire and water to issue forth fromtheir bodies, also entered the state of death. Great hearers of old like theVenerable Elders Sariputta, Moggallana and others, who were possessed ofimmense wisdom and power also entered the state of death. Many Paccekabuddhaswho attained enlightenment without owning a teacher, and who wereendowed with all virtue, also entered the state of death. And again, theywho come and go in the same way, the Consummate, Supremely Enlightened,Matchless Ones, endowed with knowledge and conduct, who have won thefurther shore of merit — many such also entered the state of death. Howshall I with my brief life-span escape entry into the state of death? Thusthe yogin practises mindfulness of death "through inference". Q. How doesone practise mindfulness of death" through the body being common to themany"? A. Through the disorder of wind and phlegm, the state of death isfulfilled. Through the disturbance of many worms or through lack of drinkand food, the state of death is fulfilled. Or through being bitten by poisonoussnakes, centipedes, millepedes, or rats, death is fulfilled. Or through beingmauled by a lion, a tiger or a leopard, or through being attacked by a demon(naga), or through being gored by a cow, death is fulfilled. Or throughbeing killed by humans or non-humans, death is fulfilled. Thus one practisesmindfulness of death "through the body being common to the many".Q. How does one practise mindfulness of death "through the weakness ofthe life-principle" ? A* In two ways one practises mindfulness of death throughthe weakness of the life-principle. Through the state of being placed inpowerlessness and through dependence on the powerless, the weakness ofthe life-principle is fulfilled.SIMILES OF THE FOAM, PLANTAIN TRUNK AND BUBBLEQ. How is the life-principle weak through its being placed in powerlessness?A. There is no substantiality in this body as it is taught in the simileof the foam, in the simile of the plantain trunk and in the simile of the bubble, 1because it is devoid of reality and it is separate from reality. Thus throughthe state of being placed in powerlessness, the life-principle is weak. Q. Howis the life-principle weak through dependence on the powerless? A. This iskept together by the incoming breath and the outgoing breath, by the fourgreat primaries, by drink and food, by four postures and by warmth. Thusit depends on the powerless. Therefore the life-principle is weak. Thus onepractises mindfulness of death "through the weakness of the life-principle"in two ways. Q. How does one practise mindfulness of death "throughthe distinguishing of time"? A. All beings were born is the past (andsuffered death). At present, (nearly) all enter the state of death without1. S. Ill, 142: Phenapindupamam rupam, vedand bubbulupamd;Maricikupamd sanna, sankhdrd kadalupamd;Mdyupamanca vinndnam dipitddiccabandhund.For details of the similes see the earlier portion of the sutta.
Subjects of Meditation 169reaching a hundred years. Thus one practises mindfulness of death "throughthe distinguishing of time". And again one practises thus: "I wonder whetherit is possible for me to live a day and a night. I wonder whether during thattime I could think on the teaching of the Blessed One — could I have thatopportunity! I wonder whether I could live even for a day. Or could I livefor half a day, or for a short while. Could I live long enough to partake ofa single meal, half a meal, or even long enough to gather and partake of fouror five morsels of food! Could I live long enough to breathe out havingbreathed in, or could I live long enough to breathe in having breathed out". 1(Thus) one practises mindfuiness of death "through the distinguishing oftime".Q. How does one practise mindfulness of death "through the absenceof the sign"? A. There is no sign. Therefore there is no fixed time fordeath. Thus one practises mindfulness of death "through the absence ofthe sign". Q. How does one practise mindfulness of death "through theshortness of the moment"? 2 A. If one reckons the causes of the presentand not those of the past or the future, beings exist but a single consciousmoment. Nothing exists for two moments. Thus all beings sink in theconscious moment. 3 It is taught in the Abhidhamma thus: "In the past1. A. Ill, 305-6: Yvdyam bhikkhave bhikkhu evarh maranasatim bhdveti *'dho vatdhamrattindivam jiveyyam, Bhagavato sdsanam manasikareyyam, bahu vata me katam assa y ti,yo cdyath bhikkhave bhikkhu evam maranasatim bhdveti 'aho vatdham divasam jiveyyamBhagavato sdsanam manasikareyyam bahu vata me katam assa 9 ti, yo cdyam bhikkhavebhikkhu evam maranasatim bhdveti 'aho vatdham tadantaram jiveyyam yadantaram ekampindapdtam bhunjdmi, Bhagavato sdsanam manasikareyyam, bahu vata me katam assa* ti,yo cdyam bhikkhave bhikkhu evam maranasatim bhdveti 'aho vatdham tadantaram jiveyyamyadantaram cattdro panca dlope sarhkhdditvd ajjhohardmi, Bhagavato sdsanam manasikareyyam,bahu vata me katam assa' ti; ime vuccanti bhikkhave bhikkhu: pamattd viharanti,dandham maranasatim bhdventi dsavdnam khaydya.Yo ca khvdyam bhikkhave bhikkhu evam maranasatim bhdveti 'aho vatdhamtadantaram jiveyyam yadantaram ekam dlopam sarhkhdditvd ajjhohardmi, Bhagavatosdsanam manasikareyyam, bahu vata me katam assa" >ti, yo cdyam bhikkhave bhikkhuevam maranasatim bhdveti 'aho vatdham tadantaram jiveyyam yadantaram assasitvd vdpassasdmi passasitvd vd assasdmi, Bhagavato sdsanam manasikareyyam bahu vata mekatam assa' ti; ime vuccanti bhikkhave bhikkhu: appamattd viharanti, tikkham maranasatimbhdventi dsavdnam khaydya. Tasmd ti ha bhikkhave evam sikkhitabbam:—Appamattd viharissama, tikkham maranasatim bhdvessama dsavdnam khaydya ti.Evam hi vo bhikkhave sikkhitabban ti.2. Transliteration of ksana. 120 ksanas = 1 tatksana;60 tatksanas = 1 lava; 30 lavas «= 1 muhurta; 30 muhurtas = 1 day and 1 night.(Abhidharmakosa, Fascicle 12). Therefore2f 6 ?The following is given in the Dirgha Agama, No. 22, Taisho Edition, p. 146:— 60 khanas =1 lay a; 30 lay as =» 1 muhutta; 100 muhuttas = 1 upamd. Below are two other tables:—(a) 60 ksanas = 1 lava; 30 lavas =» 1 hour; 30 hours = 1 day;, ' 24 x 60 x 60 . . ,1 ksana - _ _ _ _ _ - 1.6 seconds.(b) 120 ksanas = 1 tatksana; 60 tatksanas = 1 lava; 30 lavas = 1 muhurta;50 muhurtas = 1 hour; 6 hours = 1 day;- FTWrWTSnnS - TST - .0013....ofasecond.3. Cittakkhana,
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THE PATH OF FREEDOM(Vimuttimagga)of
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The Sinhalese translation of this w
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PRINTED AT*.THE SAMAN PRESS,MAHARAG
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In Memoriam'These sterling qualitie
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In Memoriamstart of beings enmeshed
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In MemoriamDuring these four months
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In MemoriamAt the invitation of the
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In Memoriamplenty. At these times h
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In Memoriamamong them—most import
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In MemoriamI waited, serving him wi
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Prefatory Note to Original Draft Tr
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PREFACEAs stated elsewhere (In Memo
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Prefaceviliara and the Vimuttimagga
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IntroductionAnd this, too, the Maha
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Introductionthe late Venerable fjan
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Introduction"He cared nothing for k
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Introductionthe account of it in th
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Introductionposition as the central
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Introductionoriginal draft translat
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BibliographyThe Pali Literature of
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CONTENTSFASCICLE I,CHAPTER IINTRODU
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ContentsPAGESeven Reduced to Three
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ContentsPAGESimile of the Calf 107S
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FASCICLE IX,ContentsCHAPTER IXTHE F
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ContentsPAGEFASCICLE XI, CHAPTER XI
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ContentsPAGEThe Four Corruptions 31
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2 V limit timaggais the name of a f
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4 VimuttimaggaTHE MEANING OF TRAINI
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ON DISTINGUISHING VIRTUECHAPTER THE
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8 ViniuttlmaggaFUNCTION, MANIFESTAT
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10 Vwwttimaggavulgarity, contact wi
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12 Virmittimaggaaction, purified ve
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14 VimultimaggaWhat is 'virtue alli
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16 VimuttimaggaA certain man fulfil
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18 VimuttimaggaWhat is "misbehaviou
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20 VimuttimaggaTears even a small f
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22 Vimuttimaggato arise; the sevent
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24 Vimuttimagga(Use of requisites b
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26 VimuttimaggaA man should protect
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28VimuttimaggaBRIEF EXPLANATION OF
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30 Vimuttimagga'BEGGED FOOD'How doe
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32 VimuttimaggaA. When a bhikkhu re
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34 Vimuttimaggathe benefits of 'dwe
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36 VimuttimaggaWhat are (not) 'thre
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38 Vimuttimagga'Which of the three
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40 Vimuttimaggalike the equalized e
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42 VimuttimaggaREQUISITES OF CONCEN
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44 VimuttimaggaBecause of the densi
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46 VimuttimaggaThe separation from
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ON APPROACHING A GOOD FRIENDCHAPTER
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50 Vimuttimagga'Esteemableness' mea
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52 Vimuttimaggaplace, serve, give i
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KINDS OF BEHAVIOURTHE PATH OF FREED
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56 VimuttimaggaQ. Why does a walker
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58VimuttimaggaELEMENTS AS CAUSES OF
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60 Vimuttimaggaways are not pleasin
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62 VimuttimaggaMISCELLANEOUS TEACHI
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64 Vimuttimaggasubjects of meditati
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66 VimuttimaggaAnd again, two subje
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68 Vimuttimagga[412] The four immea
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70 VimuttimaggaThe walker in passio
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72 VimuttimaggaMEANING OF KASINAQ.
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74 Vimuttimaggayield of pleasure; (
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76 VimuttimaggaTHREE WAYS OF SIGN-T
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78 Vimuttimaggaplates appears toget
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JHANA,
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82 Vimuttimaggaactions). Thus one o
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NIBBANa.
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Subjects of Meditation 87Q. What ar
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Subjects of Meditation 89proceeds f
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Subjects of Meditation 91separation
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Subjects of Meditation 93SIMILES OF
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Subjects of Meditation 95A. If the
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Subjects of Meditation 97the first
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[418] THE PATH OF FREEDOMFASCICLE T
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Subjects of Meditation 101ease in j
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Subjects of Meditation 103state tha
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Subjects of Meditation 105tion, jhd
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Subjects of Meditation 107undeluded
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Subjects of Meditation 109jhana. Hi
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Subjects of Meditation 111has arise
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Subjects of Meditation i 13A. There
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Subjects of Meditation i 15carts pa
Page 181 and 182: Subjects of Meditation 111Q. Among
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Page 187 and 188: Subjects of Meditation 123light of
Page 189 and 190: Subjects of Meditation 125in the pr
Page 191 and 192: Subjects of Meditation 127yogin gra
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Page 195 and 196: Subjects of Meditation 131(1) "He s
Page 197 and 198: Subjects of Meditation 133[425] Aft
Page 199 and 200: Subjects of Meditation 135of though
Page 201 and 202: Subjects of Meditation 137its near
Page 203 and 204: Subjects of Meditation 139A. "What
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Page 207 and 208: Subjects of Meditation 143"Sublime"
Page 209 and 210: Subjects of Meditation 145Through t
Page 211 and 212: Subjects of Meditation 147"Absence
Page 213 and 214: Subjects of Meditation 149THE RECOL
Page 215 and 216: subjects of Meditation 151Hearers o
Page 217 and 218: Subjects of Meditation 153"What is
Page 219 and 220: Subjects of Meditation 155of Tdvati
Page 221 and 222: Subjects of Meditation 157Blessed O
Page 223 and 224: Subjects of Meditation 159it is lik
Page 225 and 226: Subjects of Meditation 161THE THREE
Page 227 and 228: Subjects of Meditation 163(15) "'Di
Page 229 and 230: Subjects of Meditation 165practice
Page 231: Subjects of Meditation 167of one's
Page 235 and 236: Subjects of Meditation 171A. Mindfu
Page 237 and 238: Subjects of Meditation 173impuritie
Page 239 and 240: Subjects of Meditation 175is called
Page 241 and 242: Subjects of Meditation 177these (at
Page 243 and 244: Subjects of Meditation\l§recollect
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Page 247 and 248: Subjects of Meditation 183will not
Page 249 and 250: Subjects of Meditation 185loving-ki
Page 251 and 252: Subjects of Meditation 187This body
Page 253 and 254: Subjects of Meditation 189The Bodhi
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Page 257 and 258: Subjects of Meditation 193A. As par
Page 259 and 260: Subjects of Meditation 195And again
Page 261 and 262: Subjects of Meditation 197attached
Page 263 and 264: Subjects of Meditation 199Thus when
Page 265 and 266: Subjects of Meditation 201again, ow
Page 267 and 268: Subjects of Meditation 203namely, s
Page 269 and 270: Subjects of Meditation 205Eightfold
Page 271 and 272: Subjects of Meditation 207in unclea
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Page 275 and 276: Subjects of Meditation 211Q. What i
Page 277 and 278: Subjects of Meditation 213orious st
Page 279 and 280: Subjects of Meditation 215"Being ma
Page 281 and 282: Subjects of Meditation 217the teach
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Subjects of Meditation 219power cre
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Subjects of Meditation 221in their
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Subjects of Meditation223to remembe
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Subjects of Meditation 225investiga
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Subjects of Meditation 227internal-
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ON DISTINGUISHING WISDOMCHAPTER THE
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Subjects of Meditation 231MEANING O
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Subjects of Meditation 233the wisdo
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Subjects of Meditation 235regard to
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THE PATH OF FREEDOMFASCICLE THE TEN
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The Five Methods 239impinging on th
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The Five Methods 241derived from th
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The Five Methods 243Q. What arc the
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The Five Methods 245non-reacting. 1
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The Five Methods 247ugly, perceptio
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The Five Methods 249him. Renunciati
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The Five Methods 251depends on the
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The Five Methods 253THROUGH DISCRIM
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The Five Methods 255THROUGHLIMITSQ.
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The Five Methods 251actions of wash
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The Five Methods 259object. Thus sh
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The Five Methods 261of the mind-sph
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The Five Methods 263A. Three are th
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The Five Methods 265depends on the
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The Five Methods 267MUNDANE AND SUP
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[452] THE PATH OF FREEDOMFASCICLE T
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The Five Methods 271THREE KINDS OF
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The Five Methods 273Exertion is the
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The Five Methods 275Origin is the c
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The Five Methods 277THROUGH ENUMERA
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The Five Methods 279THROUGH ONE KIN
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The Five Methods 281The formations
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ON DISCERNING TRUTHCHAPTER THE TWEL
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The Five Methods 285does not accumu
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The Five Methods 287formations and
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The Five Methods 289Thus discerning
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The Five Methods 291TWO WAYS OF GRA
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The Five Methods 293ACQUIRING THE H
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The Five Methods 295empty before th
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The Five Methods 297yet are not dif
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THE PATH OF FREEDOMFASCICLE THE TWE
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The Five Methods 301to impermanence
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The Five Methods 303consumption of
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The Five Methods 305THREE FETTERSTh
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The Five Methods 307he discerns the
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The Five Methods 309with external s
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The Five Methods 311JOYAt first the
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The Five Methods 313the sign in the
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The Five Methods 315THE FOUR CORRUP
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The Five Methods 317THE SEVEN LATEN
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The Five Methods 319centration, wro
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The Five Methods 321Stream-entrance
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The Five Methods 323and a man who e
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The Five Methods 325"How is it ente
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Abandonment-reviewing 323Abhidhamma
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Index 329Concentration; its manifes
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Index 331Equanimity 45, 63, 64, 144
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Index 333Head, burning (sim.) 21Hea
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Index 335Maturing of the aggregates
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Index 337Peace 8, 14, recollection
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Index 339Sense-organ-object 251-org
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Index 341Unshakable one 17Unskilful
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amsu, 173.Akanittha, 112; 309; °ga
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Pali Index 345upekhaka, 47;90; 105.
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Pali Index 347thullaccaya, 20.thull
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Pali Index 349Byagghapajja, 249.bya
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Pali Index 351Sakka, 189.sakuna, 21
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APPENDIXCONTEMPLATION IN THE DHAMMA
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Vimuttimagga 355Further the Buddha
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Vimuttimagga 357the ripening of his
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Vimuttimagga 359taught in the Noble
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Vimuttimagga 361It should be clear
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APPENDIX(INDEX OF PALI WORDS IN FOO
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Printed for Dr. D. Roland D. Weeras
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