Path of Freedom [Vimuttimagga]

Subjects of Meditation 91separation from initial application and sustained application of thought.In solitude are joy and bliss; therefore joy and bliss are called the specialcharacteristics of solitude. 1And again, thus is separation from lust and demeritorious states: It isto remove well, and to overcome well.With initial application and sustained application of thought: This issaid to be the characteristic of (the first) meditation, jhdna.Joy and bliss born of solitude:This state resembles meditation.Acquires good standing enters and dwells: One acquires the first meditation,jhdna, separates from five factors, fulfils five factors, three kinds of goodness,ten characteristics, 2 and accomplishes the twenty-five merits. Withthese merits one can obtain rebirth in the Brahma or the deva world. 3FIVE HINDRANCESSeparation from five factors: This is separation from the five hindrances.What are the five? Sense-desire, ill will, rigidity and torpor, agitation andanxiety, uncertainty. 4Sense-desire: (This refers to) a mind defiled by the dust of passion. Illwill: This is the practice of the ten defilements. Rigidity: This is negligenceof the mind. Torpor: This is the desire for sleep owing to heaviness of thebody. There are three kinds of torpor: the first, proceeds from food; thesecond, from time; the third, from the mind. If it proceeds from the mind,one removes it with meditation. If it proceeds from food and time as in thecase of the Arahant, because it does not proceed from the mind, it is not a hindrance.If it proceeds from food and time, one cuts it with energy as theVenerable Elder Anuruddha taught: "Since first I destroyed the cankersfor fifty-five years, have I not slept the sleep that proceeds from the mind.And during this period for twenty-five years, have I removed the sleep thatproceeds from food and time". 51. Petaka. 147-8: Tattha katame jhdnavisesdl Vivicc'eva kdmehi vivicca pdpakehi akusalehidhammehi cittacetasikasahagatd kdmadhdtusamatikkamanatd pi, ayam jhdnaviseso.Avitakkd c'eva avicdrd ca sappltikdya satisahagatdya pitisahagatd sahhdmanasikdrdsamuddcaranti; ayam jhdnaviseso.2. (a) M.I, 294-5: Pathamam kho dvuso jhdnam pancangavippahinam pahcangasamanndgatam \ Idti dvuso pathamam jhdnam samdpannassa bhikkhuno kdmacchando pahino hotibydpddo pahino hoti, thinamiddham pahinam hoti, uddhaccakukkuccam pahinam hoti,vicikicchd pah ind hoti.(b) Vis. Mag. 139: Pancangavippahinam pahcangasamanndgatam tividhakalydnam dasalakkhanasampannampathamajjhdnam.(c) Petaka 136: Tattha katamam pathamam jhdnam ? Pancangavippayuttarh pahcangasamanndgatam.3. From "The first is the basis for producing the second" (p. 90, above) to "the Brahma orthe deva world", refers to the first meditation, jhdna, formula (p. 83 above): Vivicc' evakdmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkam savicdtam vivevakajam pitisukkampathamam jhdnam upasampajja viharatV\ Vis. Mag. 139.4. Kdmacchanda, vydpdda, thina-middha, uddhaccakukkucca t vicikicchd.5. Th. 904 Pahcapahhdsa vassdni yato nesajjiko ahampahcavisati vassdni yato middham samuhatam.