The Practice Which leads to Nibbana - A Buddhist Library

w 158Purification of mind is the eight attainments together with accessconcentration (upacŒra ). (vsm. XVIII, 1)So the four rèpa and four arèpa jhŒnas plus upacŒra samadhiconstitute purification of mind, and therefore one must endeavourto achieve either upacŒra samadhi, or one of the jhŒnas, or all ofthem together to attain purification of mind.The samŒdhi sutta of sa×yutta nikŒya (khandavagga sa×yutta)states:SamŒdhi× bhikkhave bhŒvetha, samŒhito bhikkhave bhikkhuyathŒbhuta× pŒjŒnŒti, ki–ca yathŒbhuta× pŒjŒnŒti, rèpasamudaya–ca atthaºgama–ca, vedanaya samudayan–ca atthaºgama–ca, sa––aya samudaya–ca atthaºgama–ca, saºkhŒrŒna× samudaya–caatthaºgama–ca, vi––Œöassa samudaya–ca atthaºgama–ca.Which can be translated as:Bhikkhus, develop concentration. Bhikkhus, a bhikkhu whois concentrated knows things as they really are. And what does heknow as they really are? The arising of rèpa and its causes, and itspassing away and its causes. The arising and causes of originationand the passing away and causes of dissolution of vedanŒ (feelings),... sa––Œ (perception), ... saºkhŒrŒ (mental formations), ... vi––Œöa (consciousness), ...passing away and its causes.In this sutta the Buddha has shown that samŒdhi must be developedto be able to know as they really are:1. Rèpa, vedanŒ, sa––Œ, saºkhŒra, and vi––Œöa, which areparamattha dhammas.2. The causes of origination of the five khandhas, which areavijjŒ, taöhŒ, upŒdŒna, saºkhŒrŒ, kamma, etc. (ignorance, craving,attachment, formations, and kamma)