an investigation of domestic laundry in europe - habits ... - SIFO

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94An investigation into the domestic laundry habits in EuropeTPC Entero Bacilli St.aureus yeast fungilog CFU/4,7cm2 sample98765432103 rinces 4 rincesFigure 4-18 Effect on the contamination level of the sterile samples of an extra rinse in a40°C programme4.4.4 Hygienic qualityAs far as the most common washing processes are concerned, the situations inGreece, Norway and the Netherlands are more or less comparable. This isconfirmed by the results: the hygienic quality of these washing processes isvery much alike (see graph 4.19). The results from the Spanish washing processesseem to be very different from the other European countries. However, asignificant difference could only be found between the Dutch and the Spanishwashing processes (ANOVA-One Way, α = 0.05). In all other instances, nosignificant differences between countries were found.
Hygiene effects of laundry processes in Europe 95Handkerchief Diaper Sock Dishcloth Sterile samplelog CFU/4,7cm2 sample987654321015° C 40° C 40° C 40° C 40° C 60° C 60° C 60° CSpain Greece Norw ay Spain TheNetherlandsGreece Norw ay TheNetherlandsFigure 4-19 Total Plate CountA significant temperature effect on the hygienic quality is found (ANOVA-One Way, α = 0.05) between the 15°C and 40°C programmes and between the40°C and 60°C programmes. In general, the hygienic quality is better whenthe washing temperature is increased from 40°C to 60°C. The deviating Spanishresults could be explained by the higher water consumption. Furthermore,a significant effect of bleach on the hygienic quality of laundry is found(ANOVA-One Way, α = 0.05). The hygienic quality improves when detergentswith bleaching agents are used. This is also confirmed by an additionaltest at 60°C without bleaching agents. The hygienic quality was lower thanwhen bleaching agents were used. The effects of temperature and bleach interact.When a detergent contains bleach and the washing temperature is increased,the hygiene result improves.4.5 Repeatability and validationThe hygienic quality of common washing processes on naturally soiled laundryis assessed in the previous chapters according to a newly developed testingmethod. The focus in this chapter is on the repeatability and validation ofthis method.
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Page 129 and 130: Appendix CSettings of the 15°C Was
Page 131 and 132: Appendix DSettings of the 30°C Was
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