an investigation of domestic laundry in europe - habits ... - SIFO

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88An investigation into the domestic laundry habits in EuropeNo significant difference is found between the Total Plate Count before washingand after the 40°C programme. A significant difference is found betweenthe Total Plate Count of the 40°C programme and the 60°C programme(ANOVA-One Way, α = 0.05). The hygienic quality of the 60°C programmeis better. Almost all Enterobacteriaceae were removed by the 60°C washingprocess (graph 4.10). A reduction of about 3 log units is achieved by the 40°Cprocess on the diaper and the dishcloth. Again it is clear that bacteria arespread throughout the washing machine. Hardly any Staphylococcus aureus,yeasts or fungi were found after washing both at 40°C and at 60°C and theamounts of Bacilli were very low.Handkerchief Diaper Sock Dishcloth Sterile samplelog CFU/4,7cm2 sample9876543210Before w ashing 40° C 60° CFigure 4-10 Enterobacteriacae in the most common Norwegian washing processesSpainThe situation in Spain is somewhat different from most other European countries.The washing temperature in Spain is relatively low. The two most commonwashing processes in Spain are 15°C and 40°C cotton programmes, bothwith a traditional powder containing bleaching agents. The 15°C cotton programmeis not available on household washing machines in Northern Europeancountries. Therefore, instead of a cotton programme, a delicate programmeis used. The most interesting results are summarised in graphs 4.11and 4.12.
Hygiene effects of laundry processes in Europe 89Handkerchief Diaper Sock Dishcloth Sterile samplelog CFU/4,7cm2 sample9876543210Before w ashing 15° C 40° CFigure 4-11 Total Plate Count of the most common Spanish washing processesThe Spanish washing processes show some interesting results. A significantreduction of the Total Plate Count at 40°C is established (see graph 4.11).Even at 15°C the amount of micro-organisms is relatively low. No significantdifferences were found between the 15°C and the 40°C programmes. Evenmore interesting are the results shown in graph 4.12. All Enterobacteriaceaeare removed from the laundry items. Only after the 15°C programme is thesterile sample slightly contaminated (0.7 log units).Handkerchief Diaper Sock Dishcloth Sterile samplelog CFU/4,7cm2 sample9876543210Before w ashing 15° C 40° CFigure 4-12 Enterobacteriaceae in the most common Spanish washing processes
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Page 119 and 120: Appendix ASurvey of domestic laundr
Page 121 and 122: Appendix A 1199. Which temperature
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Page 127 and 128: Appendix B 125NorwayA) Omo Ultra Ta
Page 129 and 130: Appendix CSettings of the 15°C Was
Page 131 and 132: Appendix DSettings of the 30°C Was
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