an investigation of domestic laundry in europe - habits ... - SIFO

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82An investigation into the domestic laundry habits in Europesamples (figure 4.2). The washing process is spreading micro-organisms insteadof removing them. This is also the case with Staphylococcus aureus 17Handkerchief Diaper Sock Dishcloth Sterile samplelog CFU/4,7cm2 sample9876543210Before w ashing Greece Norw ay Spain The NetherlandsFigure 4-1 Total plate count before and after washing at 15 CHandkerchief Diaper Sock Dishcloth Sterile samplelog CFU/4,7cm2 sample9876543210Before w ashing Greece Norw ay Spain The NetherlandsFigure 4-2 Enterobacteriaceae before and after washing at 15 CThe Total Plate Count gives an impression of the overall hygienie situation.When investigating specific groups of micro-organisms, for example the En-17 Further details to be found in WUR project publication.[22]
Hygiene effects of laundry processes in Europe 83terobacteriaceae, some interesting phenomena emerge. Only the diaper anddishcloth were contaminated with Enterobacteriaceae before washing. Afterwashing, these bacteria were found on each laundry items and on the sterilesamples (figure 4.2). The washing process is spreading micro-organisms insteadof removing them. This is also the case with Staphylococcus aureus 18The cross-contamination of the sterile sample also gives a good impression ofthe spreading of micro-organisms. All sterile samples are contaminated (seealso graph 5.3). With the exception of fungi, all micro-organisms are spreadthroughout the washing process.TPC Entero Bacillus St. aureus yeast fungilog CFU/4,7cm2 sample9876543210Greece Norw ay Spain The NetherlandsFigure 4-3 Cross-contamination of sterile samples at 15°CEuropean detergents at 30°CA significant difference is found between before and after washing (ANOVA-One Way, α = 0.05). Laundry is hygienically cleaner after washing. Althoughthe microbiological count at 30°C is lower than at 15°C, the hygiene level israther low. The Total Plate Count after washing varies between 2.7 and 7.1log units, which means that on a sample of 4.7 cm 2 between 500 and 10 7 micro-organismswere found (graph 4.4). About 4 log units were found on thesterile samples (graph 4.6).18 Further details to be found in WUR project publication.[22]
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Page 119 and 120: Appendix ASurvey of domestic laundr
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Page 127 and 128: Appendix B 125NorwayA) Omo Ultra Ta
Page 129 and 130: Appendix CSettings of the 15°C Was
Page 131 and 132: Appendix DSettings of the 30°C Was
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