Mohamad-Ziad Charif - Antares

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Figure 4.4: Average neutrino events per month. Red is events with number oflines greater than one and blue is number of lines that is equal to one.L1A L1 trigger is one of two conditions:T3• If the charge of the signal registered by the PMT passes 3 pe (or 10 pe as itdepends on the noise condition).• If the time difference between two L0 hits on two different PMT from thesame storey is less then 20 ns.A T3 trigger is a collection of L1 triggers, based on adjacent or next-to-adjacentstories during a certain time window. This time window is 80 ns when the L1 hitsare between two consecutive stories and 160 ns between two stories separated byone stories which records no L1 hits. The typical rate of T3 in normal conditionsis
QB=1The QB=1 flag is given when :QB=2• No problems at all with the frames, or frame indexing.• If there is less than 2% synchronization problems in the timeslices (or frames).• If the difference between run duration (stop time - start time) and N f rames *FrameTime is smaller than 450 s.• A muon rate which computed with the 3N trigger is between 0.01 Hz and100 HzAll conditions for QB=1 and at least 80% of the OMs were active during the run.QB=3All previous conditions for QB=2 , and if the OMs baseline ≤120KHz and Burst-Fraction ≤40%.QB=4All conditions for QB=2 and if the OMs baseline ≤120KHz and BurstFraction≤20%.This criteria will be used later to make a selection on the runs that will be usedin the analysis.4.1.4 Event reconstructionThe reconstruction of muon’s direction is done via reconstruction algorithms,we’ll go through two of them which will be later used in the analysis. The fitachieved by these two algorithms is based on arrival time of hits. Eventually amore thorough comparison between these two methods will be explored in thenext chapter.4.1.4.1 BBFitBasic characteristic of BBFit[97]:1. Detector lines are assumed to be vertical & the distance between the opticalmodules and the center of the floor is reduced to 069
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"The most exciting phrase to hear i
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3.2.1.4 Performance and characteris
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Chapter 1IntroductionThe early hist
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Chapter 2Dark MatterIn this chapter
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Figure 2.2: Comparison of the measu
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Figure 2.4: CMB anisotropy observed
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Figure 2.5: Combination of the WMAP
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Figure 2.6: Temporal evolution of t
Page 20 and 21: Figure 2.9: Parameter space of m 1/
Page 22 and 23: Figure 2.10: Limits on spin-indepen
Page 26 and 27: Figure 2.14: Detected gamma ray flu
Page 28 and 29: 600km/s. If we assume the worst cas
Page 30 and 31: Figure 2.17: Conversion factor from
Page 32 and 33: The eigenstate mixing can be writte
Page 34 and 35: Figure 2.19: Flux of ν µ / ¯ν
Page 36 and 37: Figure 3.1: The neutral current (NC
Page 38 and 39: Muon Energy (GeV )1p| dEdx | (GeV.c
Page 40 and 41: Figure 3.4: Energy loss of per dist
Page 42 and 43: Figure 3.6: Effective muon range as
Page 44 and 45: Figure 3.8: Differential flux of at
Page 46 and 47: 3.2.1.1 Detector layoutOptical Modu
Page 48 and 49: • The LED (light emitting diode)
Page 50 and 51: Anchor & BuoyEach line is anchored
Page 52 and 53: Figure 3.17: Distribution of azimut
Page 54 and 55: Figure 3.20: Height and radial disp
Page 56 and 57: Figure 3.22: Distribution of sea cu
Page 58 and 59: Figure 3.24: Time offset among OMs
Page 60 and 61: Figure 3.26: Distribution of time d
Page 62 and 63: Line number Connection Date Mainten
Page 64 and 65: Figure 3.29: Comparison between sky
Page 66 and 67: Figure 3.31: The effective area for
Page 68 and 69: Figure 4.1: Median counting rate of
Page 72 and 73: 2. All hits on the same floor are m
Page 74 and 75: 4.2.1 Neutrino simulationFigure 4.6
Page 76 and 77: • Multiplicity range of the muon
Page 78 and 79: Chapter 5Dark Matter search in the
Page 80 and 81: Figure 5.2: Annihilation spectrum f
Page 82 and 83: Livetime(days) 5 Lines 9 Lines 10 L
Page 84 and 85: Figure 5.4: Monte Carlo Truth distr
Page 86 and 87: Figure 5.7: Tchi2 distribution for
Page 88 and 89: Figure 5.9: Tchi2 distribution for
Page 90 and 91: Figure 5.11: Sun’s position taken
Page 92 and 93: Figure 5.13: Comparison between the
Page 94 and 95: Figure 5.15: Estimation of the back
Page 96 and 97: Figure 5.16: Mean angle between the
Page 98 and 99: Figure 5.18: A comparison of the di
Page 100 and 101: a look at figure 5.22 we find a cle
Page 102 and 103: The resulting optimized sensitiviti
Page 104 and 105: Figure 5.26: A comparison plot of t
Page 106 and 107: dΦ µdE ν= dΦ νdE νP earth ρN
Page 108 and 109: Figure 5.31: Limits on the muon flu
Page 110 and 111: Chapter 6Dark Matter search in the
Page 112 and 113: Figure 6.1: . True Position of the
Page 114 and 115: Figure 6.3: Comparison of the three
Page 116 and 117: For BBFit all variables mentioned i
Page 118 and 119: Figure 6.6: The distribution of χ
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annihilation channel W + W − the
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lowering the total contribution of
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6.4.2 BBFit Single-line analysisThe
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Figure 6.15: Comparison between the
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Figure 6.17: Comparison of Nhit dis
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Figure 6.19: The estimation of the
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Figure 6.21: Comparison of the opti
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Figure 6.23: Comparison of sensitiv
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Figure 6.25: Estimation of our back
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Figure 6.28: Comparison of the mult
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Figure 6.29: Comparison of the Λ d
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Figure 6.31: Comparison of the cos(
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Figure 6.34: Comparison of the esti
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The optimal Λ cut for all dark mat
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Figure 6.40: Sensitivity to neutrin
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6.7 Comparison with 2007-2008 analy
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mass of 200 GeV and a cross-section
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Chapter 7ConclusionsThe limits pres
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Bibliography[1] Volders, L. M. J. S
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[22] S. Burles et al., “Big bang
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[46] G. Debrassi, S. Heinemeyer, W.
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[74] C. Hettlage, K. Mannheim, and
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[102] D. Heck and J. Knapp, “Fors
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Mohamad-Ziad Charif - Antares

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