wherein all the reason and philosophy of atheism is confuted, and
wherein all the reason and philosophy of atheism is confuted, and wherein all the reason and philosophy of atheism is confuted, and
£^8 The Pagans Trinity^ derived Book I.there be nothing in ic (if rightly underftood) that is repugnant to reafon :and fince there are in the ancient writings of the Old Tcftament certain fignificationsof a plurality in the Deity, or of more than one hypoftafis, we mayreafonably conclude that, which Proclus afTerteth of this trinity, as it wascontained in the Chaldaick Oracles, to be true, that it was at firft 3£07ra^*Jb-TOf S-foAoj/ia, a theology of iivbis tradition or revelation^ or a divine cabala,wz. amongfl: the Hebrews firft, and from them afterwards communicated tothe Egypdans and other nations. Neither ought it to be thought any confiderableobjedion to the contrary, becaufe the Platonifts, Pythagoreans, andother Pagan theologers, did not expreis this their trinity, in the very wordsof the Athanafian Creed, nor according to the form of the Nicene council.Forafmuch as this myftery was gradually imparted to the world, and thatfirft but fparingly to the Hebrews themfelves, either in their written or oralcabala •, but afterwards more fully under Chriftianity, the whole frame whereofwas built thereupon. Neverthelefs was it not fo diftinctly and precifelydetermined, nor fo pundlually and fcrupuloully ftated among the Chriftiansneither, till after the rifing up of herefies concerning it- Nor when all wasdone, did the orthodox themfelves at firft univerfally agree, in the fignificationof the word 'O/xosirjor, co-ejentlal or confubjlantial. Nor laftly, is it a thingat all to be wondredv at, that in fuch a difficult and myfterious point as this,there fliould be fome diverfity of apprehenfions amongft the reputed orthodoxChriftians themfelves , and much lefs therefore amongft Pagans and Philofophers.However, we freely acknowledge, that as this divine cabala wasbut little underftood by many of thofe, who entertained it among the Pagans,fo was it by divers of them much depraved and adulterated alio.For firft, the Pagans univerfally called this their trinity, a trinity of gods,-tov rif uTov, Tou AiUTSfov, and Tov TpiVou 5-£ov, tljc firft ^ the fecond, and the thirdgod; as the more philofophical amongft them called it alio a trinity ofcaufes,and a trinity of principles, and fomenmes a trinity of opificers. Thus isEnn. s- 5-s. 3 [i).522.]j^jy^^p^y this cabala of the trinity ftyled \n Proclus, n' rZ'j Tfja-j ^im-uTa^a-Sotjn;, thetrap.93. dition of the three gods. And accordingly is it faid oi Numenius by him,^'
Chap. IV. from a Divine Cabala.549xfuJii, aAX' t\JX^ air'f JcaXX^ si^otTij^ajov zrta a-jr? zrpoiov And thiS HittUTe is Gcd^I fay a feeend God, offering himf elf to vieu\ before that other God can he feen^•uaho is feated above, this being as it v:ere the glorious throne of him. For it isnot fit, that he foould be immediately feated in any that is inanimate ; nor inweerfoul neither, but that there fhould be fuch an immenfe pulchritude andfplendourfhining before him, like the -pomp and proceffion before the great king. Healfo elfewhere mentions all thefe three gods together, making this world to bean image of them alj ; E'i'-otoj; »v Xiyirxi kt©^ o WTfAc; (ly.'2.\, aji clx.oA^oiJitv(ii' En 2. I. 5. e.xj v.xnx. avjj.^iSmoi: xivsue'us" IVIperefore this irorld may -well be called an image, itdepending upon that above, (as an image in a glafs) luhich is threefold. Whereofthe firfi and fecoyid God airwaysJiand immoveably ; the third likennfe is in it felfflable too, but accidentally moved, by reafon of the mobility of matter and thingsbelow it. And that we may here give a taftc of the myftical theology andenthufiafni of thcfe Platonirts too. Porphyrins in the life ofPlotinus^ affirmeth,that both Pbtinus and himfelf had fometimes experience of a kind ofecftatick union with the firft of thefe three gods, that which is above mind andUnderftanding : uJoXAaxij Ldyovlt ixjto'j lU rov stjutok xJ STrlxsiva Seiu TaTf Iwoixk;,{(pavn e«ivof fjrr; iJ.of(p-i;v^ ij.r t£ rtva iSsxv ly^vi, utteo Je vkk >c, 7r«u to i/orxoir iSyju.iiw;'^in hJ iytc U.of.'pi :iot aVa^ Xej/u zT>..r,(nx7xi xj i\iu:5^rMxi' Plotinus cftcn cndcavouringto raife up his niivd to the firft and highejl God, that God fometimes appearedto him, -jiho hath neither form nor idea, but is placed above intelle£l, and allthat is intelligible ; to whom I Porphyrins affirm -my felf to have been once unitedin the Jixty eighth year of my age. And again afterwards, t/aoj a^rZ xxi o-m-TTO; VJ, TO i'JU^-i.^iXI >Cf ZTlXuTXl TU iTTl TTXiTl Sff, ET-jp^E S\ TtrcX/.li ZTV OTS TuVtlfJiriJ «J-Tu T? (ry-oTTK T»Ts' Plotinus his chief aim and fcope tvas, to be united to, and conjoinedtvith the fupreme God, who is above all ; which fcope he attained untofour feveral times, zihilfi my felf was with hi-m, by a certain ineffable energy.That is, Plotinus aimed at fuch a kind of rapturous and ecftatick union withthe To £v, and 'fxyjA'.i, the firft of the three higheft gods, (called the one and thegood) as by himfcif is defcribed towards the latter end of this laft book ',where he calls it £tj:25w, and xc-apscn'ica £Virii,u>if n^eir^iova, and to' la.xwv wJlpov,Tw oion zTx-jTii^-j xEVTfw (TuiaTrlfiv, a kind of taSfual union^ and a certain prefence betterthan knowledge, and the Joining of our own centre, as it were, with thecentre of the univerfe. Thus we fee, that the Platonick trinity is a trinity ofgods, of which three gods therefore, the fecond and the third muft of neceflkybe inferiour gods, becaufe otherwife they would be three independentgods ; whereas the Pagan theology expredy difclaims a plurality of independentand ielf-originated deities.But fince, according to the principles of Chriftianity, which was partlydeligned to oppofe and bear down the Pagan polytheifm, there is one onlyGod to be acknowledged ; the meaning whereof notwithftanding feems tobe chiefly diredted againft the deifying of created beings, or giving religiousworfhip to any, befides the uncreated, and the creator of all : moreover,fince« Cap. XXIII. p. t^7. in Fabricii Bibiioth. » De Bono velUno, Ennead. VI. Lib. IX.Grace, Lib. IV. cap. XXVI. cap X. p. 772.
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Chap. IV. from a Divine Cabala.549xfuJii, aAX' t\JX^ air'f JcaXX^ si^otTij^ajov zrta a-jr? zrpoiov And thiS HittUTe <strong>is</strong> Gcd^I fay a feeend God, <strong>of</strong>fering himf elf to vieu\ before that o<strong>the</strong>r God can he feen^•uaho <strong>is</strong> feated above, th<strong>is</strong> being as it v:ere <strong>the</strong> glorious throne <strong>of</strong> him. For it <strong>is</strong>not fit, that he foould be immediately feated in any that <strong>is</strong> inanimate ; nor inweerfoul nei<strong>the</strong>r, but that <strong>the</strong>re fhould be fuch an immenfe pulchritude <strong>and</strong>fplendourfhining before him, like <strong>the</strong> -pomp <strong>and</strong> proceffion before <strong>the</strong> great king. Healfo elfewhere mentions <strong>all</strong> <strong>the</strong>fe three gods toge<strong>the</strong>r, making th<strong>is</strong> world to bean image <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m alj ; E'i'-otoj; »v Xiyirxi kt©^ o WTfAc; (ly.'2.\, aji clx.oA^oiJitv(ii' En 2. I. 5. e.xj v.xnx. avjj.^iSmoi: xivsue'us" IVIperefore th<strong>is</strong> irorld may -well be c<strong>all</strong>ed an image, itdepending upon that above, (as an image in a glafs) luhich <strong>is</strong> threefold. Where<strong>of</strong><strong>the</strong> firfi <strong>and</strong> fecoyid God airwaysJi<strong>and</strong> immoveably ; <strong>the</strong> third likennfe <strong>is</strong> in it felfflable too, but accident<strong>all</strong>y moved, by reafon <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> mobility <strong>of</strong> matter <strong>and</strong> thingsbelow it. And that we may here give a taftc <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> myftical <strong>the</strong>ology <strong>and</strong>enthufiafni <strong>of</strong> thcfe Platonirts too. Porphyrins in <strong>the</strong> life <strong>of</strong>Plotinus^ affirmeth,that both Pbtinus <strong>and</strong> himfelf had fometimes experience <strong>of</strong> a kind <strong>of</strong>ecftatick union with <strong>the</strong> firft <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>fe three gods, that which <strong>is</strong> above mind <strong>and</strong>Underft<strong>and</strong>ing : uJoXAaxij Ldyovlt ixjto'j lU rov stjutok xJ STrlxsiva Seiu TaTf Iwoixk;,{(pavn e«iv<strong>of</strong> fjrr; iJ.<strong>of</strong>(p-i;v^ ij.r t£ rtva iSsxv ly^vi, utteo Je vkk >c, 7r«u to i/orxoir iSyju.iiw;'^in hJ iytc U.<strong>of</strong>.'pi :iot aVa^ Xej/u zT>..r,(nx7xi xj i\iu:5^rMxi' Plotinus cftcn cndcavouringto raife up h<strong>is</strong> niivd to <strong>the</strong> firft <strong>and</strong> highejl God, that God fometimes appearedto him, -jiho hath nei<strong>the</strong>r form nor idea, but <strong>is</strong> placed above intelle£l, <strong>and</strong> <strong>all</strong>that <strong>is</strong> intelligible ; to whom I Porphyrins affirm -my felf to have been once unitedin <strong>the</strong> Jixty eighth year <strong>of</strong> my age. And again afterwards, t/aoj a^rZ xxi o-m-TTO; VJ, TO i'JU^-i.^iXI >Cf ZTlXuTXl TU iTTl TTXiTl Sff, ET-jp^E S\ TtrcX/.li ZTV OTS TuVtlfJiriJ «J-Tu T? (ry-oTTK T»Ts' Plotinus h<strong>is</strong> chief aim <strong>and</strong> fcope tvas, to be united to, <strong>and</strong> conjoinedtvith <strong>the</strong> fupreme God, who <strong>is</strong> above <strong>all</strong> ; which fcope he attained unt<strong>of</strong>our feveral times, zihilfi my felf was with hi-m, by a certain ineffable energy.That <strong>is</strong>, Plotinus aimed at fuch a kind <strong>of</strong> rapturous <strong>and</strong> ecftatick union with<strong>the</strong> To £v, <strong>and</strong> 'fxyjA'.i, <strong>the</strong> firft <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> three higheft gods, (c<strong>all</strong>ed <strong>the</strong> one <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong>good) as by himfcif <strong>is</strong> defcribed towards <strong>the</strong> latter end <strong>of</strong> th<strong>is</strong> laft book ',where he c<strong>all</strong>s it £tj:25w, <strong>and</strong> xc-apscn'ica £Virii,u>if n^eir^iova, <strong>and</strong> to' la.xwv wJlpov,Tw oion zTx-jTii^-j xEVTfw (TuiaTrlfiv, a kind <strong>of</strong> taSfual union^ <strong>and</strong> a certain prefence betterthan knowledge, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> Joining <strong>of</strong> our own centre, as it were, with <strong>the</strong>centre <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> univerfe. Thus we fee, that <strong>the</strong> Platonick trinity <strong>is</strong> a trinity <strong>of</strong>gods, <strong>of</strong> which three gods <strong>the</strong>refore, <strong>the</strong> fecond <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> third muft <strong>of</strong> neceflkybe inferiour gods, becaufe o<strong>the</strong>rwife <strong>the</strong>y would be three independentgods ; whereas <strong>the</strong> Pagan <strong>the</strong>ology expredy difclaims a plurality <strong>of</strong> independent<strong>and</strong> ielf-originated deities.But fince, according to <strong>the</strong> principles <strong>of</strong> Chriftianity, which was partlydeligned to opp<strong>of</strong>e <strong>and</strong> bear down <strong>the</strong> Pagan poly<strong>the</strong>ifm, <strong>the</strong>re <strong>is</strong> one onlyGod to be acknowledged ; <strong>the</strong> meaning where<strong>of</strong> notwithft<strong>and</strong>ing feems tobe chiefly diredted againft <strong>the</strong> deifying <strong>of</strong> created beings, or giving religiousworfhip to any, befides <strong>the</strong> uncreated, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> creator <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong> : moreover,fince« Cap. XXIII. p. t^7. in Fabricii Bibiioth. » De Bono velUno, Ennead. VI. Lib. IX.Grace, Lib. IV. cap. XXVI. cap X. p. 772.