wherein all the reason and philosophy of atheism is confuted, and
wherein all the reason and philosophy of atheism is confuted, and wherein all the reason and philosophy of atheism is confuted, and
ecaufe,^'54 Of the Sihyllim Oracle's. B o o k I.than our Saviour Chrift a God ;taking notice of their ufing of thofe Sibyllineteftimonies againfl the Pagans, did not tax them for counterfeiting thewhole bufinefs of thefe Sibylline oracles, but only for inferting many thingsOrig. c. Cf// of their own into them ; iy-i^^ S\ -a-jm SiSy^.Aai/, « yjuuTxi ntsf J^ii'v, tUoTut aj1^ ^Xtt.Qipr.fj.x E('x-^ S\j-jx^i- Tou Chrijlians might much rather have ackficwledgedeven theS\hy\for the off-fpring of God •, but notvyou can boldly infert intohcr verfesmany^ and thofe rr.alcdicent things of ycur oxvn. Where Origen, that hemight vindicate, as well as he could, the honour of Chriflians, pleads intheir defence, t'lat Celfus, for all that, could not (hew what they had foifted"into thofe Sibylline verfts •,if he had been able to have producedmore ancient and incorrupt copies, in which fuch things were not found, hewould certainly have done it. Notwithftanding which, it is likely, that therewere other ancient copies then to be found, and that Celfus might have metwith them too, and that from thence he took occafion to write as he did.However, this would not juliify the prefent Sibylline books, in which thereare forgeries plainly difcovcrable without copies. Neverthelefs it feems,that all the ancient Chriftians did not agree in making ufe of thefe Sibyllineteftimonies, thus much being intimated by Cf//«j himfelf, in the fore-citedwords, V 'x^n-ic'Pixi Tiv£,- Jy.iJv, which fonie of you make ufe of; as they did not allacknowledge the Sibyi to have been a prophetefs neither : fince, upon Celfus 'mentioning a fec'T: of Chriftians called Sibyllifts, Origen tells us, that thefewere fuch as uHng the Sibylline teftimonies were called i"o in way ofdifgraceby other Chriftians, who would not allow the Sibyl to have been aprophetefs; they perhaps conceiving it derogatory to the Scriptures. Butthough there may be fome of the ancient Sibylline verfes ftill left in thatfarrago which we now have, yet it being impoftible for us to prove whichare fuch, we Ihall not infift upon any teftimonies at all from thence, toevince, that the ancient Pagans acknowledged one fupreme Deity. Notwithftandingwhich, we fhall not omit one Sibylline palfage, which we find recordedin Paufanias ', (from whence, by the way, it appears alfo, that the Sibyllineverfes were not kept up fo clofe, but that fomc of them got abroad)he telling us, that the defeat of the Athenians at JEgos Fotamos was prediftedby the Sibyl m thefe words (amongft others:)Kxi tot' 'A6»i'JJ"«fS'» (ix^'^rovac -Krihx S«5-£iZcii i;x|/»f jEjMfTJif, awff x^xT
Chap. IV. Zoroafter a PolytheifiV' 285Befides thefe Sibylline prophecies, tliere are alfo other oracles of the pagandeities themfelves, in which there wa>s a clear acknowledgment of onefupreme and greateft God. But as for fuch of them, as are faid to have beendeliveredfince the times of Chriftianity, when the pagan oracles began tofail, and fuch as are now extant only in Chriftian writings, however diversof them are cited out of Porphyrius his book of oracles ; becaufe they maybe fufpe(5led, we fhall not here mention any of them. Neverthelefs, we fhalltake notice of one oracle of the Clarian Apollc, that is recorded by Macrobiiis' , in which one fupreme Deity is not only aflerted, but is alfo called bythat Hebrew name (or Tetragrammatonj^ai?;ToH are to call the highejl and fupreme of all the gods, Jao : though it bevery true, that that Clarian devil there cunningly endeavoured to divertthis to the fun, as if that were the only fupreme Deity and true Jao, Towhichmight be added another ancient oracle (that now occurs) of the DodoneanJupiter '', together with the interpretation of Themiftocles^ to whomit was delivered ; wherein he was commanded tt^o? tov lfj.uvjf/.o'j tS ^i^ (iail^uv,to repair to him, who was calledby the fame name with God ; which Themifioclesapprehended to be the king of Per/ia, i^eyxXxg yd^ oifx(pori^H; fwai ts ic, xiyiSxi(ixiTtXix;, becaufe both he and God were alike called (though in different refpedtsand degrees > the great king or monarch.Bat as for thofe writings, commonly imputed to Hermes Trifmegifi, thathave been generally condemned by the learned of this latter age, as whollycounterfeit and fuppofuitious, and yet on the contrary are afTcrted by AthanafiusKircherus ' for fincere and genuine ; we fhall have occafion to declareour fenfe concerning them more opportunely afterward.The moft ancient theologers, and mod eminent aflertors of polytheifmamongft the Pagans, were Zoroafter in theeaftcrn parts, and Orpheus ?imong{\:the Greeks. The former of which was of fo great antiquity, that writerscannot well agree about his age. But that he was a Polytheift is acknowledgedby all, fome affirming it to be fignified in his very name, as givenhim after his death ; it being interpreted by them a worfliipper of the ftars *,Neither is it to be doubted, but that Ster or Efter in the Perfian language,did fignify a ftar, as it hath been obferved alfo by learned men concerningfundry other words, now familiar in thefe European languages, that theyderived their original from the Perfian. Notwithllanding which, it may befufpefled, that this was here but a Greek termination; the word being not onlyin the oriental languages written Zertoofi and ZaradujJ, but alfo in Jgathias,Zarades. However, Zoroafter\ polytheifm is intimated by Plato ' ; wherehis magick is defined to have b.:en nothing elie but fifuu ^i^xinlc/., theworfl^ip• Saturnal. Lib. I. Cap. XVITF. p. 290. Thus it wis ej^plaiiwd by D;to« and Ua-* Apud Plutarch, in Vila Themillocl. Tom, w»5fl'!ir»j, as vvc are informed hy Luatiusm hisJ. Oper. p. 225. proem, 8. fegm. 6. of which opinion p. is3 In Oedipo iEgyptiaco, & Obeii.co Pam- likcw iie Scaliger, with others of the modems,philio, p. 35. MnAkibiadel. Oper. p. 32.
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ecaufe,^'54 Of <strong>the</strong> Sihyllim Oracle's. B o o k I.than our Saviour Chrift a God ;taking notice <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir ufing <strong>of</strong> th<strong>of</strong>e Sibyllineteftimonies againfl <strong>the</strong> Pagans, did not tax <strong>the</strong>m for counterfeiting <strong>the</strong>whole bufinefs <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>fe Sibylline oracles, but only for inferting many thingsOrig. c. Cf// <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>ir own into <strong>the</strong>m ; iy-i^^ S\ -a-jm SiSy^.Aai/, « yjuuTxi ntsf J^ii'v, tUoTut aj1^ ^Xtt.Qipr.fj.x E('x-^ S\j-jx^i- Tou Chrijlians might much ra<strong>the</strong>r have ackficwledgedeven <strong>the</strong>S\hy\for <strong>the</strong> <strong>of</strong>f-fpring <strong>of</strong> God •, but notvyou can boldly infert intohcr verfesmany^ <strong>and</strong> th<strong>of</strong>e rr.alcdicent things <strong>of</strong> ycur oxvn. Where Origen, that hemight vindicate, as well as he could, <strong>the</strong> honour <strong>of</strong> Chriflians, pleads in<strong>the</strong>ir defence, t'lat Celfus, for <strong>all</strong> that, could not (hew what <strong>the</strong>y had foifted"into th<strong>of</strong>e Sibylline verfts •,if he had been able to have producedmore ancient <strong>and</strong> incorrupt copies, in which fuch things were not found, hewould certainly have done it. Notwithft<strong>and</strong>ing which, it <strong>is</strong> likely, that <strong>the</strong>rewere o<strong>the</strong>r ancient copies <strong>the</strong>n to be found, <strong>and</strong> that Celfus might have metwith <strong>the</strong>m too, <strong>and</strong> that from <strong>the</strong>nce he took occafion to write as he did.However, th<strong>is</strong> would not juliify <strong>the</strong> prefent Sibylline books, in which <strong>the</strong>reare forgeries plainly difcovcrable without copies. Never<strong>the</strong>lefs it feems,that <strong>all</strong> <strong>the</strong> ancient Chriftians did not agree in making ufe <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>fe Sibyllineteftimonies, thus much being intimated by Cf//«j himfelf, in <strong>the</strong> fore-citedwords, V 'x^n-ic'Pixi Tiv£,- Jy.iJv, which fonie <strong>of</strong> you make ufe <strong>of</strong>; as <strong>the</strong>y did not <strong>all</strong>acknowledge <strong>the</strong> Sibyi to have been a prophetefs nei<strong>the</strong>r : fince, upon Celfus 'mentioning a fec'T: <strong>of</strong> Chriftians c<strong>all</strong>ed Sibyllifts, Origen tells us, that <strong>the</strong>fewere fuch as uHng <strong>the</strong> Sibylline teftimonies were c<strong>all</strong>ed i"o in way <strong>of</strong>difgraceby o<strong>the</strong>r Chriftians, who would not <strong>all</strong>ow <strong>the</strong> Sibyl to have been aprophetefs; <strong>the</strong>y perhaps conceiving it derogatory to <strong>the</strong> Scriptures. Butthough <strong>the</strong>re may be fome <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> ancient Sibylline verfes ftill left in thatfarrago which we now have, yet it being imp<strong>of</strong>tible for us to prove whichare fuch, we Ih<strong>all</strong> not infift upon any teftimonies at <strong>all</strong> from <strong>the</strong>nce, toevince, that <strong>the</strong> ancient Pagans acknowledged one fupreme Deity. Notwithft<strong>and</strong>ingwhich, we fh<strong>all</strong> not omit one Sibylline palfage, which we find recordedin Paufanias ', (from whence, by <strong>the</strong> way, it appears alfo, that <strong>the</strong> Sibyllineverfes were not kept up fo cl<strong>of</strong>e, but that fomc <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m got abroad)he telling us, that <strong>the</strong> defeat <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> A<strong>the</strong>nians at JEgos Fotamos was prediftedby <strong>the</strong> Sibyl m <strong>the</strong>fe words (amongft o<strong>the</strong>rs:)Kxi tot' 'A6»i'JJ"«fS'» (ix^'^rovac -Krihx S«5-£iZcii i;x|/»f jEjMfTJif, awff x^xT