wherein all the reason and philosophy of atheism is confuted, and
wherein all the reason and philosophy of atheism is confuted, and wherein all the reason and philosophy of atheism is confuted, and
thenupon^72 ^^ Errors of Atheljis^ ixho male Book I.whereof is the Deity. And this perhaps may eafc the minds of thofe, whocannot but tliink it too much, to impole all upon one plaftick nature of tlieuniverfe.26. And now we have finifhed our firft taflc, which was to give an accountof the plaftick nature, the fum wi>ereof briefly amounts to this ; thatit is a certain lower life than the animal, which acfs regularly an.l artificially,according to tlie direftion ef m.ind and underltanding, reafon and wiillom,for ends, or in order to good, though itfelf do not know the reafon of whatit does, nor is mafler of that wildom according to which it afts, but only afervant to it, and drudging executioner of the fame •, it operating fuaiJyand lympathetically, according to laws and commands prefcribid to it by aperfed intelledr, and impreft upon it •, and which is either a lower facultyof fome confcious foul, or elfe an inferior kind of life or foul by itfelf •, buteflcntially depending upon an higher intelleft.We proceed to our fecond undertaking iwhich was to fiiew, how groflythofe two forts of Atheifts before mentioned, the Stoical or Cofmo-plaltick,and the Stratonical or Hylozoick, both of them acknowledging this plafticklife of nature, do miftake the notion of it, or pervert it, and abufe it, to makea certain Ipurious and counterfeit God-almighty of it, (or a firft principle of allthings) thereby excluding the true omnipotent Deity, which is a perfcftmind, or confcioufly underftanding nature, prefiding over tlie univerfe ;they fubftituting this ftupid plaftick nature in the room of it.Now the chief errors or miftakes of thefe Atheifts concerning the plafticknature, are thefe four following. Firft, that they make that to be the firfhprinciple of all, and the higheft thing in the univerfe, which is the laft andloweft of all lives ; a thing eflcntially fecondary, derivative, and dependent.For the plaftick life of nature is but the mere umbrage of intelk duality, afaint and fliadowy imitation of mind and underftanding •, which it dothas eflentially depend, as the ftiadow doth upon the body, the image in theglafs upon the face, or the echo upon the original voice. So that if therehad been no perfeft mind or intellecft in the world, there could no more havebeen any plaftick nature in it, than there could be an image in the glafswithout a face, or an echo without an original voice. If there be $jVjr,then there muft be No~; : if there be a plaftick nature, that afts regularly andartificially in order to ends, and according to the birft wifdom, though itfelfnot comprehending the reafon of it, nor being clearly confcious of what itdoth -, there muft of neceftity be a perfedl mind or intelleft, that is, aDeity, upon which it depends. Wherefore Ariftotle does Hke a philofopherin joining
Chap. in. the Plajiick Nature aGcd-Ahmghtf, 173Secondly, thcfe Athcifts augment the former error, in fuppofing thofehigher lives of fenfe or animality, and of reafon or underftanding, to rifeboth of them from that lower fenflefs life of nature, as the only originalfundamental life. Which is a thing altogether as irrational and abfurd, asif one fhould fuppofe the light, that is in the air or sther, to be the onlyoriginal and fundamental light, and the light of the fun and fl:ars but a fecondaryand derivative thing from it, and nothing but tlie light of the airmodificated and improved by condenfation r or as if one fhould maintain,that the fun and moon, and all the liars, were really nothing elfe, but themere reflexions of thofe images, that we fee in rivers and ponds of water.But this hath always been the fottifh humour and guife of Atheifts, to invertthe order of the univerfe, and hang the pidlure of the world, as of a man,with its heels upwards. Confcious reafon and underftanding, being a farhigher degree of life and perfecftion, than that quII plaftick nature, which,docs only do, but not know, can never pofTibly emerge out of it ; neithercan the duplication of corporeal organs be ever able to advance that fimpleand ftupid life of nature into redoubled confcioufiefs or felf- perception inor any triph'cation, or indeed milleclupation of them, improve the fameinto realbn and underftanding.Thirdly; for the better colouring, of the former errors, the Hylozoiftsadulterate the notion of the plaftick life of nature, confounding it withwifdom and underftanding. And though themfelves acknowledge, that noanimal-fenfe, felf-preception and confcioufnefs belongs to it, yet they willhave itto be a thing perfeftly wiiej.and confequently every atom of fenflefsmatter that is in the whole world, to be infallibly omnifcient, as to all itsown capacities and congruities,. or whatfoever itfelf can door fufFer; which.is plainly contradidlious. For though there may be fuch a thing as theplaftick nature, that, according to the former defcription of it, can do withoutknowing, and is devoid of exprels eonfcioufntfs or felf-perception, yetperfed knowledge and underftanding without confcioufnefs is non-fenfeand impoffibility. Wherefore this muft needs be condemned for a greatpiece of fottilhnefs in the Hylozoick Atheifts, that they attribute perfedbwifdom and underftanding to a ftupid inconfcious nature, which is nothingbut ?c£f ols^cvur, the mere drudging inftrument,. or manuary opificer of a perfed;mind.Laftly,. thefe Atheifts err in this, that they make this plaftick life of natureto be a mere material or corporeal thing ; vvhereas matter or body cannotmove itfelf, much lefs therefore can it artificially order and difpofe itaown motion. And though the plaftick nature be indeed the loweft of alllives, yet notwithftanding fince it is a life, or internal energy, and felf-aftivity,diftinft from local motion, it muft needs be incorporeal, all life beingcftentially fuch. But the Hylozoifts conceive grofly both of life and underft:anding,fpreading them all over upon matter, juft as butter is fpread upon.bread, or plafter upon a wall, and accordingly flicing them out in ditferencquantities
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Chap. in. <strong>the</strong> Plajiick Nature aGcd-Ahmghtf, 173Secondly, thcfe Athcifts augment <strong>the</strong> former error, in fupp<strong>of</strong>ing th<strong>of</strong>ehigher lives <strong>of</strong> fenfe or animality, <strong>and</strong> <strong>of</strong> reafon or underft<strong>and</strong>ing, to rifeboth <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m from that lower fenflefs life <strong>of</strong> nature, as <strong>the</strong> only originalfundamental life. Which <strong>is</strong> a thing altoge<strong>the</strong>r as irrational <strong>and</strong> abfurd, asif one fhould fupp<strong>of</strong>e <strong>the</strong> light, that <strong>is</strong> in <strong>the</strong> air or s<strong>the</strong>r, to be <strong>the</strong> onlyoriginal <strong>and</strong> fundamental light, <strong>and</strong> <strong>the</strong> light <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> fun <strong>and</strong> fl:ars but a fecondary<strong>and</strong> derivative thing from it, <strong>and</strong> nothing but tlie light <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> airmodificated <strong>and</strong> improved by condenfation r or as if one fhould maintain,that <strong>the</strong> fun <strong>and</strong> moon, <strong>and</strong> <strong>all</strong> <strong>the</strong> liars, were re<strong>all</strong>y nothing elfe, but <strong>the</strong>mere reflexions <strong>of</strong> th<strong>of</strong>e images, that we fee in rivers <strong>and</strong> ponds <strong>of</strong> water.But th<strong>is</strong> hath always been <strong>the</strong> fottifh humour <strong>and</strong> guife <strong>of</strong> A<strong>the</strong>ifts, to invert<strong>the</strong> order <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> univerfe, <strong>and</strong> hang <strong>the</strong> pidlure <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> world, as <strong>of</strong> a man,with its heels upwards. Confcious reafon <strong>and</strong> underft<strong>and</strong>ing, being a farhigher degree <strong>of</strong> life <strong>and</strong> perfecftion, than that quII plaftick nature, which,docs only do, but not know, can never p<strong>of</strong>Tibly emerge out <strong>of</strong> it ; nei<strong>the</strong>rcan <strong>the</strong> duplication <strong>of</strong> corporeal organs be ever able to advance that fimple<strong>and</strong> ftupid life <strong>of</strong> nature into redoubled confcioufiefs or felf- perception inor any triph'cation, or indeed milleclupation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong>m, improve <strong>the</strong> fameinto realbn <strong>and</strong> underft<strong>and</strong>ing.Thirdly; for <strong>the</strong> better colouring, <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> former errors, <strong>the</strong> Hylozoiftsadulterate <strong>the</strong> notion <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> plaftick life <strong>of</strong> nature, confounding it withwifdom <strong>and</strong> underft<strong>and</strong>ing. And though <strong>the</strong>mfelves acknowledge, that noanimal-fenfe, felf-preception <strong>and</strong> confcioufnefs belongs to it, yet <strong>the</strong>y willhave itto be a thing perfeftly wiiej.<strong>and</strong> confequently every atom <strong>of</strong> fenflefsmatter that <strong>is</strong> in <strong>the</strong> whole world, to be inf<strong>all</strong>ibly omnifcient, as to <strong>all</strong> itsown capacities <strong>and</strong> congruities,. or whatfoever itfelf can door fufFer; which.<strong>is</strong> plainly contradidlious. For though <strong>the</strong>re may be fuch a thing as <strong>the</strong>plaftick nature, that, according to <strong>the</strong> former defcription <strong>of</strong> it, can do withoutknowing, <strong>and</strong> <strong>is</strong> devoid <strong>of</strong> exprels eonfcioufntfs or felf-perception, yetperfed knowledge <strong>and</strong> underft<strong>and</strong>ing without confcioufnefs <strong>is</strong> non-fenfe<strong>and</strong> imp<strong>of</strong>fibility. Wherefore th<strong>is</strong> muft needs be condemned for a greatpiece <strong>of</strong> fottilhnefs in <strong>the</strong> Hylozoick A<strong>the</strong>ifts, that <strong>the</strong>y attribute perfedbwifdom <strong>and</strong> underft<strong>and</strong>ing to a ftupid inconfcious nature, which <strong>is</strong> nothingbut ?c£f ols^cvur, <strong>the</strong> mere drudging inftrument,. or manuary opificer <strong>of</strong> a perfed;mind.Laftly,. <strong>the</strong>fe A<strong>the</strong>ifts err in th<strong>is</strong>, that <strong>the</strong>y make th<strong>is</strong> plaftick life <strong>of</strong> natureto be a mere material or corporeal thing ; vvhereas matter or body cannotmove itfelf, much lefs <strong>the</strong>refore can it artifici<strong>all</strong>y order <strong>and</strong> difp<strong>of</strong>e itaown motion. And though <strong>the</strong> plaftick nature be indeed <strong>the</strong> loweft <strong>of</strong> <strong>all</strong>lives, yet notwithft<strong>and</strong>ing fince it <strong>is</strong> a life, or internal energy, <strong>and</strong> felf-aftivity,diftinft from local motion, it muft needs be incorporeal, <strong>all</strong> life beingcftenti<strong>all</strong>y fuch. But <strong>the</strong> Hylozoifts conceive gr<strong>of</strong>ly both <strong>of</strong> life <strong>and</strong> underft:<strong>and</strong>ing,fpreading <strong>the</strong>m <strong>all</strong> over upon matter, juft as butter <strong>is</strong> fpread upon.bread, or plafter upon a w<strong>all</strong>, <strong>and</strong> accordingly flicing <strong>the</strong>m out in ditferencquantities