unit (7) organic compounds

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7.10 Reactions of AlkenesThe most common reactions of alkenes are addition reactions. In an addition reaction,the double bond is broken and a single bond is formed at each carbon to new atoms orgroups of atoms.A generalized addition reaction is shown here:ABC = C + A BC C1) Addition of H 2 : HydrogenationC = C + H HcatalystHCHC2) Addition of Cl 2 or Br 2 : HalogenationClClC = C + Cl ClCC3) Addition of H 2 O: Hydrationacid (H + )C = C + H OHC CHOH7-16
Worked Example 7-9Give the <strong>organic</strong> product formed in each of the following reactions:CH 3 - CH = CH - CH 3+H 2catalystCH 3 - CH = CH - CH 2 - CH 3+Cl 2+H 2 OSolutionCH 3 - CH = CH - CH 3 + catalyst CH 3 - CH 2 - CH 2 - CH 3H 2CH 3 - CH = CH - CH 2 - CH 3+Cl 2ClClCH 3 - CH - CH - CH 2 - CH 3+H 2 OOHH7.11 Aromatic CompoundsThe simplest aromatic compound is called benzene, molecular formula C 6 H 6 . A benzenemolecule is a ring containing six carbon atoms with a single hydrogen atom attached toeach carbon. Each carbon has one single bond and one double bond to neighboringcarbon atoms.Benzene:HCHCCHHC CHCHororFor convenience, we write the structure of benzene in the following abbreviated form:The circle in the center of the ring represents the six shared electrons (three doublebonds.)7-17
Page 6 and 7: Worked Example 7-2Draw all structur
Page 8 and 9: Worked Example 7-4Name the followin
Page 10 and 11: 7.5 CycloalkanesA cycloalkane is an
Page 12 and 13: 2. Halogenation is a reaction betwe
Page 14 and 15: Practice 7-5Give the IUPAC name for
Page 18 and 19: The word aromatic originally referr
Page 20: 7.5 Write equations for the reactio

unit (7) organic compounds

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