unit (7) organic compounds

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7.5 CycloalkanesA cycloalkane is an alkane in which carbon atoms are connected to one another in acyclic (ring) arrangement. Cycloalkanes have two fewer hydrogen atoms than thecorresponding alkanes.Cycloalkanes are commonly represented using geometric formulas in which each cornerof the figure represents a carbon atom and its attached hydrogen atoms.HHHCCHHCCHHHcondensed formulageometric formulaSubstituted cycloakanes are named by identifying and numbering the position of groupson the ring, followed by the name of the parent cycloalkane.The ring numbering begins with the carbon attached the the first carbon alphabeticallyand proceeds around the ring in the direction that will give the lowest numbers for thepositions of the other attached groups.CH 2 CH 3CH 3CH 3 CH2 CH 313CH 2 CH 2 CH 31 3211-ethyl-3-propylcyclohexane 1,2-dimethylcyclohexane 1-bromo-3-ethylcyclohexaneThe position of single attached group does not need to be specified in the name becauseall positions in the ring are equivalent.BrCH 2 CH 3CH 3ethylcyclohexanemethylcyclohexane7-10
Worked Example 7-6Draw the geometric formula for each of the following:a) 1-ethyl-2-methylcyclobutaneb) 1-methyl-2-propylcyclopentanec) 1,3,5-triethylcyclohexaneSolutiona)CH 2 CH 3CH 3b)CH 3CH 2 CH 2 CH 3CH 2 CH 3c)CH 3 CH 2CH 2 CH 37.6 Reactions of Alkanes1. Combustion is a reaction between a substance and oxygen (usually from air) thatproceeds with the evolution of heat and light.alkane + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energyCH 4 + 2O 2 → CO 2 + 2H 2 O + energyWorked Example 7-7Write a balanced equation for the combustion of pentane.SolutionC 5 H 12 + 8O 2 → 5CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy7-11
Page 6 and 7: Worked Example 7-2Draw all structur
Page 8 and 9: Worked Example 7-4Name the followin
Page 12 and 13: 2. Halogenation is a reaction betwe
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Page 16 and 17: 7.10 Reactions of AlkenesThe most c
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unit (7) organic compounds

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