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132 Managing Conflict of InterestFigure 2: Summary of the Most Popular CongressionalInvestments, 2005Source: Center for Responsive Politics, 2007.Figure 3: Democrats Control Congress—Commercial Banks’Contributions TrendsSource: Center for Responsive Politics, 2007.ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
Implementation and Enforcement Tools 133Figure 4: Republicans Control Congress—Commercial Banks’Contributions TrendsSource: Center for Responsive Politics, 2007.when Democrats lost control of Congress after the 1994 elections.The implication here is that Republicans’ voting records are typicallymore favorable when it comes to advancing corporate bankinginterests, and since they now held the majority, there was no longera need to give so much to Democrats.Another watchdog site, MapLight.org, also tracks contributionsand voting records categorized by special interest. As Figure 5below reveals, the data suggest that there is a strong correlationbetween contribution levels and voting—the higher the campaigncontributions, the higher the percentage of votes cast in favor ofthe special interest.While transparency does make it easier to identify potentialconflicts of interest, disclosure alone does not necessarily translateinto greater accountability. Incumbents still get the cash, butnot without asking. On almost every night in Washington, DC,money is being raised and interests discussed at USD1,000-a-platefund-raising events. The data indicate that corporations and interestgroups base their contributions on members’ voting records:every vote is scrutinized by interest groups and loyalty is rewarded.ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
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Publications of the ADB/OECD Anti-C
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iv Managing Conflict of InterestMan
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ForewordThe Asian Development Bank
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AcknowledgmentsThe Asian Developmen
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AbbreviationsACFEADBAPSCEOCFOCOICRP
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Executive SummaryThere is growing c
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Executive Summary xvThe Organisatio
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Executive Summary xviiThe People’
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Keynote AddressesADB/OECD Anti-Corr
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Keynote Addresses xxiI, therefore,
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Keynote Addresses xxiiiConvention A
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Welcome RemarksTaufiequrachman Ruki
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Welcome RemarksArjun ThapanDirector
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Keynote Addresses xxixIt is also he
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Remarks at the Opening DinnerH. E.
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Keynote Addresses xxxiiibe struck b
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Keynote Addresses xxxvthe best huma
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Closing RemarksHidayat Nur WahidCha
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Keynote Addresses xxxixeasier than
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Chapter 1Defining conflict ofintere
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The United Nations Convention Again
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Defining Conflict of Interest 7•
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Defining Conflict of Interest 9Conc
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Defining Conflict of Interest 11dut
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Defining Conflict of Interest 13Cou
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Defining Conflict of Interest 15Pol
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Defining Conflict of Interest 17Con
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Defining Conflict of Interest 19A C
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Defining Conflict of Interest 21Gov
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Defining Conflict of Interest 23•
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Defining Conflict of Interest 25to
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Defining Conflict of Interest 35of
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Defining Conflict of Interest 37Est
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Defining Conflict of Interest 391,5
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Defining Conflict of Interest 41Tab
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Defining Conflict of Interest 43to
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Asset declaration in the Philippine
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Conflict of interest in Indonesia:
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Page 123: Section 2:Implementation andEnforce
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Page 134 and 135: Private gain from public loss:How T
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Page 170 and 171: Tracking corruption in the USA: Pol
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Page 179: Section 3:Prevention andEnforcement
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Page 190 and 191: Preventing conflicts of interest in
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Page 203 and 204: Chapter 5Codes of conduct in thepri
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Page 207 and 208: Codes of Conduct in the Private Sec
Page 217 and 218: Compliance enforcement in a multina
Page 219 and 220: Living business ethics: Good govern
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Appendix 1: Seminar agendaADB/OECD
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Appendix 185The experience of asset
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Appendix 187Detecting conflict of i
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Appendix 2: List of participantsMem
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Appendix 191Asad Ali SHAHPartner, D
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Appendix 193WaluyoDeputy of Prevent
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Appendix 195PALAUSecilil ELDEBECHEL
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Appendix 197Sandie HITOJOSenior Con
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Appendix 199TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIO
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Appendix 201Arie SISWANTOAssistant
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Secretariat 203ADB/OECD Anti-Corrup
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