Managing Conflict of Interest - Organisation for Economic Co ...

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xii Managing Conflict of InterestTIUNUNCACUSUSDTransparency InternationalUnited NationsUnited Nations Convention Against CorruptionUnited StatesUnited States dollarADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
Executive SummaryThere is growing consensus that managing conflict of interest(COI) is critical to curbing corruption. What COI is and what contributesto its occurrence must be understood if sound institutionaland legal frameworks are to be developed and good internationalpractices adopted.Defining Conflict of InterestCOI is a complex and sometimes elusive concept. It can be anindicator, a precursor, or a result of corruption if left unchecked.While there is no universal definition of COI, most countries andjurisdictions agree that a conflict of interest occurs when publicinterest is compromised by the private interests of public officials.Several international organizations have developed guidelinesand established protocols to assist in the standardization of definitionsand the adoption of preventive and enforcement mechanismsto address COI. The United Nations Convention Against Corruption(UNCAC) also makes specific reference to conflict of interest andemphasizes the importance of transparency and standardization incodes of conduct for public officials, public procurement practices,and the management of public finances. UNCAC also identifies therange of offenses linked to COI such as abuse of power and influencepeddling.Establishing Frameworks for Managing Conflict of InterestExamples of the impact of high-profile ethics cases show thatsuch cases may trigger legislative reform as the examples of Canadashows; in the Republic of Korea, prominent cases triggered achange in the policy approach and led to the creation of new officesand positions to execute and enforce new laws on COI.In Canada, the newly created Office of the Public Sector IntegrityCommissioner enforces Canada’s values-based approach tomanaging conflict of interest, requiring commitment at all levels—personal, societal, political—within and outside the public sectorand legal framework. Legal requirements have been revised, andpolicies and official codes of conduct for civil servants and otherADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
Page 4 and 5: Publications of the ADB/OECD Anti-C
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Page 9 and 10: ForewordThe Asian Development Bank
Page 11 and 12: AcknowledgmentsThe Asian Developmen
Page 13: AbbreviationsACFEADBAPSCEOCFOCOICRP
Page 17 and 18: Executive Summary xvThe Organisatio
Page 19 and 20: Executive Summary xviiThe People’
Page 21 and 22: Keynote AddressesADB/OECD Anti-Corr
Page 23 and 24: Keynote Addresses xxiI, therefore,
Page 25 and 26: Keynote Addresses xxiiiConvention A
Page 27 and 28: Welcome RemarksTaufiequrachman Ruki
Page 29 and 30: Welcome RemarksArjun ThapanDirector
Page 31 and 32: Keynote Addresses xxixIt is also he
Page 33 and 34: Remarks at the Opening DinnerH. E.
Page 35 and 36: Keynote Addresses xxxiiibe struck b
Page 37 and 38: Keynote Addresses xxxvthe best huma
Page 39 and 40: Closing RemarksHidayat Nur WahidCha
Page 41: Keynote Addresses xxxixeasier than
Page 45 and 46: Chapter 1Defining conflict ofintere
Page 47 and 48: The United Nations Convention Again
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Asset declaration in the Philippine
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Conflict of interest in Indonesia:
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Section 2:Implementation andEnforce
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Private gain from public loss:How T
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Tracking corruption in the USA: Pol
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Section 3:Prevention andEnforcement
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Codes of conduct and mechanisms top
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Preventing conflicts of interest in
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Chapter 5Codes of conduct in thepri
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Good corporate governance: Essentia
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Codes of Conduct in the Private Sec
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Compliance enforcement in a multina
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Living business ethics: Good govern
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Appendix 1: Seminar agendaADB/OECD
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Appendix 185The experience of asset
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Appendix 187Detecting conflict of i
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Appendix 2: List of participantsMem
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Appendix 191Asad Ali SHAHPartner, D
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Appendix 193WaluyoDeputy of Prevent
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Appendix 195PALAUSecilil ELDEBECHEL
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Appendix 197Sandie HITOJOSenior Con
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Appendix 199TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIO
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Appendix 201Arie SISWANTOAssistant
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Secretariat 203ADB/OECD Anti-Corrup
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