Managing Conflict of Interest - Organisation for Economic Co ...

Chapter 3Managing conflict ofinterest: Implementationand enforcement tools—laws, procedures, andinstrumentsPrevention and enforcement are equally important aspects ofpromoting good governance and reducing vulnerability to corruption.Universal codes of conduct, asset and interest disclosureregimens, and public education and awareness campaigns outliningfundamental concepts and expectations for ethical behaviormust be balanced by clear sanctions and enforcement measures toensure that both the causes of COI and its effects are adequatelyaddressed. This chapter includes an overview of the efforts of theOrganisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)to track key trends and to assist public and private sector officials inputting COI regulations into practice, as well as specific examplesfrom Thailand, Hong Kong, China, and the United States that revealthe unique challenges and the key factors that influence the efficacyof enforcement in these countries.János Bertók, Senior Governance Specialist with the Innovationand Integrity Division/Directorate for Public Governance and TerritorialDevelopment at OECD, shares survey responses receivedfrom more than 30 countries that reveal key trends and remainingchallenges in COI implementation and enforcement. The surveyresults emphasize that, beyond establishing appropriate legislativeand administrative frameworks, managing COI requires targetedADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific