Managing Conflict of Interest - Organisation for Economic Co ...

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72 Managing Conflict of InterestSummary of Philippine Experience with Asset DeclarationViolationsThe Philippine Government maintains records to track thenumber of complaints and charges filed related to asset declaration.Three key offices spearhead these efforts: the Office of theOmbudsman, the Presidential Anti-Graft Commission, and the Sandiganbayan(Anti-Graft Court of the Philippines). Their monitoringefforts indicate that the most common violations under investigationof cases involving asset declaration in the Philippines are:•••••••••Non-filing of SALN;Non-declaration of assets or improvements;Non-declaration of business interests and other financialconnections;False recording of assets for beneficial use in the name ofdummies or other persons;Changing of the mode of acquisition of assets;Intermingling of illegitimate assets with other legitimateassets;Disposal of newly acquired assets at an unrealistic sellingprice to justify sharp increases in net worth;False claim of lottery winnings: almost all filers subject tolifestyle checks claimed that they had won the unexplainedwealth from lotteries;Increase in liabilities due to bank loans without an actual orexisting loan in the bank;Recording of non-existing assets during the initial submissionof the SALN.•Table 2 below summarizes the number of complaints filed from2000 to 2007, the actual administrative charges filed pertaining toSALNs, and the petitions for forfeiture filed during the same periodof time. Notably, very few complaints result in officially filed chargesor petitions.ConclusionAsset declaration legislation and related disclosure and trackingsystems are critical tools in the fight against corruption inthe Philippines. These measures institutionalize transparent andADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
Learning from Case Studies 73Table 2: Summary of Complaints and Charges FiledReceiving Office: Number of Complaints and Charges FiledOmbudsman/YearOmbudsman:Non-filing orFailure to FileTrue SALNCourt:Forfeiture/Petitions forForfeiturePAGC:Non-filingof SALNPAGC:Failure toFile TrueSALNTotalComplaints/Charges andPetitions2007 21 14/0 0 7 35/72006 40 22/0 1 5 62/62005 43 27/4 1 0 70/52004 25 18/2 0 3 43/52003 22 15/1 0 4 37/52002 18 7/1 DNA DNA 25/12001 12 8/0 DNA DNA 20/02000 22 4/0 DNA DNA 26/0DNA = data not available; PAGC = Presidential Anti-Graft Commission; SALN = statement ofassets, liabilities, and net worth.Source: Office of the Ombudsman, Philippines, 2007.accountable practices that help to identify and prevent conflicts ofinterest. While significant progress has been made in establishingtracking and monitoring systems, challenges still remain to adequatelyenforce provisions.ADB/OECD Anti-Corruption Initiative for Asia and the Pacific
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Publications of the ADB/OECD Anti-C
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iv Managing Conflict of InterestMan
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ForewordThe Asian Development Bank
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AcknowledgmentsThe Asian Developmen
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AbbreviationsACFEADBAPSCEOCFOCOICRP
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Executive SummaryThere is growing c
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Executive Summary xvThe Organisatio
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Executive Summary xviiThe People’
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Keynote AddressesADB/OECD Anti-Corr
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Keynote Addresses xxiI, therefore,
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Keynote Addresses xxiiiConvention A
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Welcome RemarksTaufiequrachman Ruki
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Welcome RemarksArjun ThapanDirector
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Keynote Addresses xxixIt is also he
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Remarks at the Opening DinnerH. E.
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Keynote Addresses xxxiiibe struck b
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Keynote Addresses xxxvthe best huma
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Closing RemarksHidayat Nur WahidCha
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Keynote Addresses xxxixeasier than
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Chapter 1Defining conflict ofintere
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The United Nations Convention Again
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Defining Conflict of Interest 7•
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Defining Conflict of Interest 19A C
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Page 134 and 135: Private gain from public loss:How T
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Tracking corruption in the USA: Pol
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Section 3:Prevention andEnforcement
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Codes of conduct and mechanisms top
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Preventing conflicts of interest in
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Chapter 5Codes of conduct in thepri
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Good corporate governance: Essentia
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Codes of Conduct in the Private Sec
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Compliance enforcement in a multina
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Living business ethics: Good govern
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Appendix 1: Seminar agendaADB/OECD
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Appendix 185The experience of asset
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Appendix 187Detecting conflict of i
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Appendix 2: List of participantsMem
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Appendix 191Asad Ali SHAHPartner, D
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Appendix 193WaluyoDeputy of Prevent
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Appendix 195PALAUSecilil ELDEBECHEL
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Appendix 197Sandie HITOJOSenior Con
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Appendix 199TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIO
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Appendix 201Arie SISWANTOAssistant
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Secretariat 203ADB/OECD Anti-Corrup
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