BOTANICA LITHUANICA 2005, Suppl. 7: 65–75

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ICFMH Symposium, 12–16th September, 2004: 89. –Portoroz.TOMA M. M., RAIPULIS J., KALNINA I., 2004: Does probioticyeast act as antigenotoxin? – In: New Toolsfor Improving Microbial Food Safety ant Quality.Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Abstracts.The 19th Intemational ICFMH Symposium, 12–16 thSeptember, 2004: 15–21. – Portoroz.MIKROMICETØ, ÁVAIRIOMIS SÀLYGOMIS GAMINANÈIØ TOKSIÐKAS MEDÞIAGAS,ATRANKAAudrius KAÈERGIUS, Albinas LUGAUSKAS, Loreta LEVINSKAITË, Regina VARNAITË,Audronë MANKEVIÈIENË, Bronius BAKUTIS, Violeta BALIUKONIENË, Daiva BRÛKÐTIENËSantraukaMaisto þaliavos ir produktø uþterðtumà mikromicetaislemia mikromicetø kiekis aplinkoje, ypaè tai pastebimalaikant grûdus, darþoves ir vaisius sandëliuose.2003–2004 m. derliaus grûdus supylus á sandëlius, jøpavirðiuje ir viduje aptikti keliolikos rûðiø mikromicetai,potencialûs toksiðkø metabolitø gamintojai: Alternariaalternata, Fusarium avenaceum, F. graminearum, F. poae,F. solani, F. tricinctum, F. sporotrichioides, Penicilliumaurantiocandidum, P. expansum, P. funiculosum.Vëliau ant javø grûdø ir jø perdirbimo produktø vyraujaPenicillium verrucosum, P. variabile, P. expansum,Aspergillus clavatus, A. niger, Drechslera sorokiniana,Rhizopus oryzae, taèiau sumaþëja Fusarium poae, F. sporotrichioides,Altemaria alternata. Savita mikromicetørûðiø sudëtis ant rapsø, linø, kukurûzø, sojø sëklø ir jøperdirbimo produktø. Èia daþni Aspergillus niger, Fusariumoxysporum, Penicillium expansum, Alternariaalternata, Fusarium avenaceum, Rhizomucor pusillus,Aspergillus clavatus, A. versicolor, Penicillium palitans,P. roquefortii, P. viridicatum, P. verrucosum. Iðvardintørûðiø mikromicetai vyrauja grûdiniø kultûrø sandëliø ore,vaisiø ir darþoviø sandëliuose ir visø sandëliø dulkëse.Toksiðkas medþiagas intensyviausiai sintetina ir iðskiriaá aplinkà ant maisto þaliavø ir produktø aptiktimikromicetai: Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. fumigatus,A. clavatus, Penicillium expansum, P. verrucosum, P. viridicatum,P. palitans, P. islandicum, P. italicum, Alternariaalternata, A. brassicae, A. pluriseptata, Chrysosporiummerdarium, Fusarium sporotrichioides, F. poae,F. graminearum ir kitø rûðiø mikromicetai. Toksiðkømetabolitø sintezës ir iðskyrimo intensyvumas priklausonuo aplinkos, visø pirma, nuo mikromicetø mitybos sàlygø.Kai kurios mikromicetø padermës vienu metu galisintetinti net keletà mikotoksinø.Mikromicetø sintetinami toksinai yra ávairios cheminësprigimties. 2003–2004 m. pavyko nustatyti tokiusmikotoksinus: T2, neosolaniolá, deoksinivalenolá, zearalenonà,altenuenà, tenuazono rûgðtá, alternariolá, aflatoksinus(daþniausiai B2), penitremà, ochratoksinà, patulinà,citochalozinus, tenuazono rûgðtá, sterigmatocistinà.Surastos kelios mikromicetø padermës, galinèios vienumetu sintetinti 4–7 skirtingos cheminës prigimties toksiðkasmedþiagas. Plonasluoksnës chromatografijos metodu58 % analizuojamiems egzogeniniams metabolitams,iðskirtiems ið tirtøjø mikromicetø micelio, bûdingasávairaus intensyvumo toksiðkumas. Tai patvirtina, kadmikromicetø iðskiriamos medþiagos sudaro rimtà pavojøþmoniø ir gyvuliø sveikatai. Toksinø poveikis yralëtas, neigiami rezultatai pasireiðkia tik po tam tikro laikoir ávairiomis formomis.75
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Page 3 and 4: fungal diseases are, nevertheless,
Page 5 and 6: Table 1 (continued).1 2 3 4 5 638 A
Page 7 and 8: Table 4.Amounts of mycotoxins produ
Page 9: Table 7.Ability of Fusarium strains

BOTANICA LITHUANICA 2005, Suppl. 7: 65–75

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