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Vehicle Diagnostic, Testing andInformation System VAS 5051Design and FunctionsSelf study program No. 202

The Vehicle Diagnostic, Testing and Information System VAS 5051 ...202/001... for state-of-the-art fault finding!This innovative system provides mechanics with comprehensive support inconcentrated form for finding faults in the electronic systems of vehicles.The mechanic can be supported by the guided fault finding mode, or also carryout his own variable test sequences using the test instruments and self-diagnosis.The system provides help for operation and fault detection.2

List of contentsMain components of the VAS 5051Why another new diagnostic system? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4Fundamentals of system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5Design and features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Summary of tester. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7ModesStart screen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12Administration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Vehicle self-diagnosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14Test instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Guided fault finding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18Measurements and analysis with the VAS 5051Multimeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Digital Storage Oscilloscope (DSO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25Sensor analysis with the DSO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30Actuator analysis with the DSO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Before switching on the diagnostic system, refer to the supplied InstructionManual for information on how to use it and on special features.New!Caution!Note!The private study programis not a workshop manual!For test, adjustment and repairinstructions, please refer to theprovided servicing literature.3

Main components of the VAS 5051Why another new diagnosticsystem?Modern electronics makes our cars increasinglysafe, comfortable and environment-friendly.The associated increased networking of the electronicvehicle systems makes fault findingincreasingly complex and time-intensive.Since the previous vehicle system testers onlyindicate the path in which the fault is to be found,fault finding is sometimes delayed by lengthymeasurements and studying of various workshopmanuals.The frequently used suspicion-based repairsresult in unnecessary burdens on the customersand the mechanics as a result of multiple repairs.The VAS 5051 vehicle diagnostic, testing andinformation system is now putting an end to thissituation.The new system combines the vehicle self-diagnosis,test instruments and technicaldocumentation with state-of-the-art technology.Use of the VAS 5051 enables fault finding on thevehicle to be carried out more rationally, precisely,clearly and economically:- Because you receive exact instructions onwhat you have to do and where in allphases of the "Guided Fault Finding" onthe touchscreen;operating faults are practically eliminated.- Because the fault memories of the controlunits are read via the diagnostic interfaceto the vehicle, and an objective test plan isautomatically derived from this.- Because you can select hierarchically listeddata from selection lists for vehicle identification,input of fault characteristics orselection of functions, groups of componentsand individual components.- Because you can display associated documentationfor selected functions, groups ofcomponents or individual components, andprint this if required.Because of its state-of-the-art technology andfuture-oriented capabilities, all workshops of thegroup worldwide will be equipped with the newVAS 5051.The VAS 5051 can be used for all marquesof the Volkswagen Group.4

Fundamentals of systemThe VAS 5051 is a knowledge-based system.The knowledge base is present on a CD-ROMand includes the latest knowledge on:- Equipment- Fault codes of control units- Fault characteristics- Vehicle design with respect to functionsand components- Function tests- Technical documentation.The data are combined in hierarchical architecturesand linked to one another.The knowledge base is generated using a diagnosticdevelopment system.It can be easily supplemented and modified, thuspermitting adaptation to new vehicles.The incorporation of new documents is also possible,as is the utilization of workshop experiencewith e. g. new fault characteristics and theirassignments.As a result of the knowledge base, the diagnosticsystem is able:- To identify a vehicle and its standard/optional equipment- To carry out an automatic system test of theelectronic systems fitted in the vehicle- To carry out a "Guided fault finding"according to a test plan by selecting faultcharacteristics- To use own knowledge by direct selection oftests- To generate easy-to-use self-diagnosis functions- To generate new test plans following automaticincorporation of a function test.5

Main components of the VAS 5051Design and featuresMeasuring leadsTesterWorkshop trolleyPrinter202/002VAS 5051 system features:- Portable equipment powered via a mainsconnection or the diagnostic interface in thevehicle, an integrated battery provides abrief backup supply- Operation using pressure-sensitive colourtouchscreen- Infrared interface for control of printer- VGA interface (video graphics adapter) forconnection of an external monitor- Prepared for remote diagnosis via retrofitISDN connection- Integrated diagnostic and test instrumentmodule- Integrated CD-ROM drive for CD-ROM withrepair information in required language6

Summary of tester202/004The functional centrepoint of the VAS 5051 is thetester with its LCD touchscreen.When mounted on the workshop trolley, the completesystem is mobile, and all equipmentrequired for diagnosis is permanently withinreach.The tester can also be transported individuallyusing the handle, e. g. into the vehicle interior.The tester is controlled by touching correspondingtext positions or navigation elements on thescreen.The tester is a combination of measuring instrumentand computer.The operating system and applications programare stored internally.The vehicle-specific data, test programs andother technical documents are read in fromreplaceable CD-ROMs using the built-in CD-ROM drive, and saved on the hard disk in thetester.Updates are possible by simply using a new CD.A laser printer is activated via an infrared interfacewithout additional cabling.This prints documents, and also hardcopies ofthe screen as required.7

Main components of the VAS 5051FrontVAS 5051Vehicle Diagnostic, Testing and Information SystemVersion -GB- / V02.00 22/10/97VehicleSelf-DiagnosisTestInstrumentsGuidedFault FindingAdministrationHelpVAS 5051202/003The front of the tester is the screen which is usedfor information purposes and for communicationwith the mechanic.The tester is operated using the touchscreenwhich covers the complete surface.This detects the pressure applied via your fingeror other objects, and thus replaces a mouse andkeyboard.The graphic displays on the screen are referredto as "masks". They display all information andfunctions of the tester.A text or navigation element provided for controllingthe tester can be recognized by a changein colour.The selected control element is only activatedwhen the pressure produced by touching isremoved.Do not use any pointed or hot objectsto operate the screen, or any objectswhich leave colours behind.Such objects damage the screen.The tester switches to power savingmode if it is not used for severalminutes.When the screen is touched, the maskthat was last accessed is displayedagain.8

Left sideSIEMENSVGA interfaceSerial interfaceThe connections are located behind a cover panel.Only the connection for the mains cable is requiredfor workshop operation.The other connections are required for servicing orrepairs and for later extension of the tester's scopeof functions.An external monitor can be connected to the VGAinterface.Keyboard interfaceThe serial interface and the keyboard interface areonly provided for servicing work on the tester.PC card interfaceThe PC card interface is used for subsequent extensionof the tester, e. g. remote diagnosis.Right sideConnection for themains cable202/005No other interfaces may be usedapart from the mains connection andthe VGA interface.Faults resulting from the use of otherinterfaces lead to cancellation of theguarantee.The CD-ROM drive is required to update the diagnosticsystem.The tester loads the new program version from theCD-ROM onto the hard disk.Diskette driveCD-ROM driveBe careful not to overwrite anewer program version, otherwiseimportant data and functionscould be lost.Infrared interfaceON/OFF switchThe diskette drive is not required for workshopoperation.The infrared interface permits data transmission tothe printer without wiring.202/0069

Main components of the VAS 5051TopDSO measuring lead 2VAS 5051/8DSO measuring lead 1VAS 5051/8DSO 1 DSO 2TZKVSZT / DTrigger pick-up, optionVAS 5051/18Current pick-up 50ACurrent pick-up 500 A, optionVAS 5051/9 VAS 5051/19Prepared signal inputs for pressureand temperaturekV sensor, optionVAS 5051/17Control unitDiagnostic socket,16-contact10

HandleU/R/D measuring lead with button for voltage and resistancemeasurements, diode and continuity tests as wellas...... for inline current measurementsVAS 5051/7U/R/D10 ADIAGCOMCOM measuring lead with safety test probeVAS 5051/7Fuse for inline currentmeasurementsDiagnostic adapterVAS 5051/2Diagnostic cable 3 mVAS 5051/1202/008All measuring leads and connections onthe tester are colour-coded.Make sure the colours match whenconnecting.11

ModesStart screenVAS 5051Vehicle Diagnostic, Testing and Information SystemVersion -GB- / V02.00 22/10/97VehicleSelf-DiagnosisTestInstrumentsGuidedFault FindingAdministrationHelp202/047The operating program is started automaticallywhen you switch on the tester.The tester is ready for use when the system startmask is displayed on the screen.When switching on the tester for the first time,the mode buttons "Vehicle Self-Diagnosis", "TestInstruments" and "Guided Fault Finding" are notyet visible.The complete system start mask appears whenyou enter the dealership identifier in the mode"Administration".You can start the following modes from the systemstart mask:- Vehicle self-diagnosis- Test instruments- Guided fault finding- Administration.The "Help" function can be selected in all modesand provides information on operation and onthe functions of the individual navigationbuttons.12

AdministrationAdministrationAdministrationSelectfunctionInstall updateSelf-testChange dealership identifierSignal generatorDate/timeExpanded functionsChange languageSelect initial graphicCD contents listEquipment number: 12345Importer number: 678Dealership number: 98765John Smith, Ltd.Go toHelp202/025The diagnostic system can be adjusted in mode"Administration".The function "Install update" lets you download anewer program version from the CD-ROM ontothe hard disk.The language-specific setting of the system iscarried out simultaneously from this CD-ROM.The function "Self-test" permits internal checkingof the test instrument unit and diagnostic unit ofthe tester.Further settings (such as date, time and signalpitch) can be individually adjusted according torequirements.By selecting the initial graphic, it is possible tomodify the marque-specific default setting of thevehicle display and the logo in the system startmask.The expanded functions are not required for usein the workshop.The workshop code (VZ or importer number anddealership number) is entered once followingstarting-up of the tester.It is subsequently only possible to change thedealership identifier (dealer's address).13

ModesVehicle self-diagnosisVAS 5051Vehicle Diagnostic, Testing and Information SystemVersion -GB- / V02.00 22/10/97VehicleSelf-DiagnosisThe mode "Vehicle Self-Diagnosis" is activatedby selecting the navigation element with thisname in the system start mask.TestInstrumentsGuidedFault FindingAdministrationHelp202/049The mode "Vehicle Self-Diagnosis" provides thefunctions of the currently available V.A.G. 1551and V.A.G. 1552 diagnostic testers.Communication is carried out as usual via thediagnostic interface of the vehicle.The vehicle self-diagnosis program helps themechanic by guiding him through a dialog.In addition, the tester is being developed furtherin order to be able to carry out the programmingof control units (flash programming) in this modein the future.A requirement for use of the self-diagnosis modeis that the current workshop manual is availablefor the respective vehicle.14

Vehicle Self-DiagnosisSelect vehicle system01 - Engine electronics41 - Diesel pumpe lektronics02 - Gearbox Vehicle electronicsG Self-DiagnosisEngine electronics12 - Clutch electronics028906021CK 1.9l R4 EDC03 - Brake system electronicsG00SG 0802Select diagnostic14 - Suspension electronicsCoding 2function24 - Traction control systemWorkshop code 7941534 - Self-levelling 02 Interrogate suspensionfault memories Vehicle Self-Diagnosis15 - Airbag03 Final control diagnosisi Interrogate fault memory25 - Immobilizer04 Basic setting35 - Central locking 045 - Interior monitoring 05 Erase fault memory 1 fault(s) detected55 - Headlight 06 range End control output16 - Steering 07 wheel Code electronics control unit 52226 - Electronische 08 Read DachbetŠtigungdata block Coolant temperature sender - G6236 - Seat adjust 10 AdaptionOpen/short circuit to positive46 - Convenience 11 Login system procedure central module sporadically56 - Radio66 - Seat/mirror adjustment76 - Parking aid17 - Dash panel insert08 - AC/heater electronics TestSprungDruckHilfeInstruments18 - Additional/auxiliary heaterEngine electronics028906021CK 1.9l R4 EDCG00SG 0802Coding 2Workshop code 79415Interrogate all fault memoriesSelect vehicle system via address wordOBDIITestInstrumentsGo toDruckenTestInstrumentsHilfeGo toPrintHelp202/021The vehicle systems or functions can be selectedusing the highlight bars.When "Interrogate all fault memories" isselected, all control units present in the vehicleare interrogated and displayed.The control unit identification is displayedfollowing establishment of communication.In the screen mask "Select diagnostic function"you can select the various functions which are tobe carried out with the selected control unit.With "Interrogate fault memory", a list of faults isdisplayed in the next screen mask.15

ModesTest instruments - MultimeterVAS 5051Vehicle Diagnostic, Testing and Information SystemVersion -GB- / V02.00 22/10/97VehicleSelf-DiagnosisTestInstrumentsThe mode "Test Instruments" is activated byselecting the navigation element with this namein the system start mask.GuidedFault FindingAdministrationHelp202/048Test InstrumentsMultimeter-20.00Voltage (U/R/D)11.43 V0 20.00Freeze FrameMinimumMaximumVoltage(U/R/D)Resistance(U/R/D)Diode test(U/R/D)Current 50 Acurr. pick-upCurrent 500 Acurr. pick-upVoltageDSO 1CalibrateInlinecurrentContinuity test(U/R/D)± 20 VDSOGo toPrintHelp202/022In mode "Test Instruments" it is possible to workwith the "Multimeter" or the "Digital storageoscilloscope".The multimeter can be used to measure all electricalvariables present in the vehicle such as DCand AC voltages/currents and resistances.The test instruments deliver data with a highaccuracy.Currents can be measured inline, i.e. by connectioninto the cable, or by using the current pickup.Continuity and diode tests can also be carriedout.16

Digital storage oscilloscopeTest InstrumentsVoltage (U/R/D)Multimeter0.001 VFreeze frameMinimumMaximum-2.0000 2.000Voltage(U/R/D)Inlinecurrent± 2 VResistance(U/R/D)Continuity test(U/R/D)Diode test(U/R/D)Current 50 Acurr. pick-upCurrent 500 Acurr. pick-upVoltageDSO 1CalibrateDSOThe measuring mode "Digital storage oscilloscope"is activated by selecting the navigationelement with this name in the "Test Instruments"screen.Go toPrintHelp202/050Test InstrumentsDSOAuto mode2 V/Div.= 10 ms/Div.Freeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger modeT0MeasuringmodeTime/Div.PositionMultimeterGo toPrintHelp202/082The digital storage oscilloscope (DSO) stores thecurrent values of an analog signal using anadjustable time base.The stored values are displayed as a curve on thescreen.Return to multimeterThe DSO can be used to display the voltagewaveshapes of two channels simultaneously.The required measuring leads are included in theequipment package.17

ModesGuided fault findingVAS 5051Vehicle Diagnostic, Testing and Information SystemVersion -GB- / V02.00 22/10/97VehicleSelf-DiagnosisTestInstrumentsGuidedFault FindingThe mode "Guided Fault Finding" is activatedby selecting the navigation element with thisname in the system start mask.AdministrationHelp202/019Guided fault finding is the actual innovation withwhich the VAS 5051 facilitates workshop operationsand shortens the time required to findfaults.Starting from fault signals from the vehicle selfdiagnosis,a brief description of the customercomplaints, or assumptions concerning the causeof the fault, the mechanic is guided step-by-stepthrough a fault finding program.This fault finding program is permanently generatedand optimized in the computer during thetest.The test instrument and self-diagnosis functionsare implemented as necessary during guidedfault finding.All information from various workshop documentsrequired for fault finding, e. g.:- Workshop manuals- Fault finding programsare included in the programs of the mode"Guided fault finding".18

VAS 5051Fahrzeugdiagnose-, Me§-und InformationsystemVersion -D-/0.1, 18.04.96POLOGuided Fault FindingVehicle identificationTypeVWAUDISEATSKODAGuided Fault FindingVehicle identificationVWSelect type Guided Fault FindingVWVehicle identificationPassat 1994>Polo 1995>1996Golf 1992>, Version SelectEstatePassat 1988> engine code Guided Fault FindingPassat 1994> 1Z 1.9l Turbodiesel Vehicle identificationCaddy 1996> AAA 2.8l Motronic VRConfirmSharan 1996> AAM 1.8l Monomotrovehicle identificationCaddy Pickup 1 AAZ 1.9l TurbodieselTaroIf vehicle has been correctly identified, choose "CABF 2.0l Digifant/ 11Guided Fault Findingcontinue (>)" to confirm.Transporter 1996 ABV 2.9l Motronic/ 1Vehicle identificationLTMe§technikADY Sprung2.0l Simos/ Druck 85 HilfeConnect VAS 5051ADZ 1.8l Monomotro Choose "Back" and to vehicleAEK 1.6l Motronic step-by-step.TestAFN 1.9l TurbodieselSprungDruckInstrumentsTestInstrumentsSprungHilfeAFT 1.6l Simos/ 74 kWChoose "Go toto enter the seöAGG 2.0l Simos/ 85 kWChoose "Go to"prungto return to thelTestInstrumentsDruckVAS 5051VWPassat 1994>1996EstateAFN 1.9l Turbodiesel engine/ 81 kWVWPassat 1994>1996EstateAFN 1.9l Turbodiesel engine / 81 kWWith the ignition switched off connect the VAS 5051to the diagnostic connector as follows:- Removing cover for diagnostic connection onright.Guided Fault FindingVWHilfeVehicle system testPassat 1994>1996AirbagEstateAFN 1.9l Turbodiesel engine / 81 kWSprungDruckHilfeDiesel direct injection and preheating systemVAS 5051/1FaultAutomatic gearbox 01MN01-0103TestInstrumentsABS / EDS Teves 20 GISprungABS Teves 20 GIAirbagClimatronicImmobilizerDruckHilfeHelp202/020When starting the fault finding procedure, thevehicle must first be identified by a systematicinterrogation algorithm.This guarantees unambiguous assignment of alldocuments and test values for the subsequentfault finding procedure.The vehicle system test is started automatically.When interrogating the individual control units,all faults found are displayed in succession.Faults can be selected individually and eliminatedstep-by-step according to the programspecifications.19

ModesGuided Fault FindingVOLKSWAGENComplaint reportPassat 1997 >1997SelectSalooncomplaintADR 1.8l Motronic / 92 kWComplaint directly related to repair groupComplaint related to observationGuided Fault FindingComplaint reportSelectsubsystem / observationStartLamps and lightsBraking processAccelerationMeßtechnikGuided Fault FindingSelecttype / componentMeßtechnikDruckenHilfeABS warning lamp -K47- does not go outBraking system warning lamp -K118- does not go outWarning lamp for ABS and for brake system do not go outReversing lamps do not light upComplaint reportDisplay all selectionsLamps and lightsHilfeLamps and lightsABS warning lamp -K47- does not go outLamps and lights ABS warning lamp -K47- does not go outMeßtechnikGuided Fault FindingComplaint reportFahrzeug- Complaint Sprung reportEigendiagnoseFahrzeug- SprungDruckenEigendiagnose Guided Fault FindingFahrzeug-EigendiagnoseSprungDisplay all selectionsDruckenHilfeABS warning lamp -K47- does not go out- Power supply- N55 - hydraulics control unit for ABS- K47 - warning lamp for ABSVOLKSWAGENPassat 1997 >1997SaloonADR 1.8l Motronic / 92 kWMeßtechnikFahrzeug-EigendiagnoseSprungDruckenHilfeTestInstrumentsVehicleSelf-DiagnosisGo toPrintHelp202/052If no faults have been detected during the vehiclesystem test, it is possible to select complaintsaccording to observed fault characteristics whenusing the mode "Guided fault finding".All test conditions and steps necessary up toelimination of the fault as well as the test equipmentand activities required for the individualtests are defined.Following input of the complaint, a special testplan is generated by the tester for the displayedfault characteristics.The tester guides the mechanic through the testplan using a dialog.20

Guided Fault FindingFunction testSupply voltage to ABScontrol unitTest conditionsTest conditions- Fuse S20 OKVOLKSWAGENPassat 1997 >1997SaloonADR 1.8l Motronic / 92 kWYesNoV.A.G 1598Are the conditions fulfilled?Guided Fault FindingFunction testSupply voltage to ABScontrol unitCheck power supplyTest InstrumentVehicle self-diagnosis Go toEigendiagnoseDruckThe power supply will now be checked- Switch off the ignition.- Disconnect the plug of the ABScontrol unit -J104-. The controlunit is located on the hydraulicsunit on the left in the engine compartment.- Connect the V.A.G. 1598 test box to thewiring harness using the V.A.G. 1598/27adapter.- Switch on the ignition.VOLKSWAGENPassat 1997 >1997SaloonADR 1.8l Motronic / 92 kWHelpDoneMeasungingequipmentV.A.G 1598/27Guided Fault FindingVOLKSWAGENFunction testPassat 1997 >1997Supply voltage to ABSSalooncontrol unitADR 1,8l Motronic / 92 kWTestbox V.A.G 1598/27: Measuring equipmentN01-0116TestInstrumentsVehicleSelf-DiagnosisGo toPrintHelpGuided Fault FindingFunction testSupply voltage to ABScontrol unitCheck power supplyURD cable (+) to test box socket 15COM cable (-) to test box socket 19Check power supply!Guided Fault FindingFunction testSupply voltage to ABScontrol unitCheck power supplyTestInstrumentsVoltage measurementVehicle self-diagnosis Go toEigendiagnoseVOLKSWAGENPassat 1997 >1997SaloonADR 1.8l Motronic / 92 kWDruckHelpURD cable (+) to test box socket 15COM cable (-) to test box socket 19Check power supply!Target value OK: 10 ... 15 VDoneVOLKSWAGENPassat 1997 >1997SaloonADR 1.8l Motronic / 92 kW- 20.00 10.00 15.00 20.000.00 VTestInstrumentsV.A.G 1598Guided Fault FindingFertigFunction testSupply voltage to ABScontrol unitCheck power supplyVehicleSelf-DiagnosisGo toPrint functionScreen V.A.G 1598/27Diagnosis logN01-0116DocumentPrintThere is no voltage on the control unit.Electrical measurements will now be madeon the wiring.- Switch off the ignition!HelpVOLKSWAGENPassat 1997 >1997SaloonADR 1.8l Motronic / 92 kWDoneTestInstrumentsVehicleSelf-DiagnosisGo toPrintHelpTestInstrumentsVehicleSelf-DiagnosisGo toPrintHelp202/053Following termination of the fault finding, youcan print a report of the test steps using the function"Print/diagnosis log".21

Measurements and analysis with the VAS 5051MultimeterDisplay of measuring functionDisplay active connectionU – voltageR – resistanceD – continuity/diodeTest InstrumentsMultimeterVoltage (U/R/D)Freeze frame function, activationalso possible using button onmeasuring lead11.43 VFreeze Frame-20.000 20.00MinimumMaximumDisplay of minimum and maximumvalues during measurementVoltage(U/R/D)Resistance(U/R/D)Diode test(U/R/D)Current 50 Acurr. pick-upCurrent 500 Acurr. pick-upVoltageDSO 1CalibrateInlinecurrentContinuity test(U/R/D)± 20 VDSOButtons for selectionof measuring functionGo toPrintHelp202/022Button for selection of measuringmode- DC voltage- AC voltageButtons for selection of measuring range settingThe display field for the measuring range is not selected in the above display, i.e.autoranging is activated in this case.The selectable measuring functions in the mask"Multimeter" are divided into two function blocks:•Function block 1(measurements using U/R/D measuring lead)- Inline current- Voltage- Resistance- Diode test- Continuity test•Function block 2(measurements using current pick-up, DSO 1)- Current 50 A, current pick-up- Current 500 A, current pick-up- Voltage, DSO 1Use of the test instruments is possible withoutprevious identification of the vehicle.22

Measurements and analysis with the VAS 5051Test InstrumentsMultimeterVoltage(U/R/D)Inlinecurrent12.7 VResistance(U/R/D)Continuity test(U/R/D)Diode test(U/R/D)Current 50 Acurr. pick-upVoltage U/R/DVoltage DSO114.9 VCurrent 500 Acurr. pick-upVoltageDSO1Freeze frameCalibrateIt is possible to simultaneously measure differentvoltages via the connections U/R/D and DSO 1,and to compare them on the display.The U/R/D voltage and the buttons for selectionof the measuring range are located on the left.Everything on the right applies analogously tothe DSO 1 connection.20 V 40 VDSOGo toPrintHelp202/054Test InstrumentsMultimeter0.239 ACurrent 50 A current pick-up-5.000 05.000Voltage(U/R/D)Resistance(U/R/D)Diode test(U/R/D)Current 50 Acurr. pick-upCurrent 500 Acurr. pick-upVoltageDSO 1Freeze frameMinimumMaximumCalibrateThe current measurement is made using a currentpick-up (current pick-up 50 A included in equipmentpackage). The current following through thecable is measured when the pick-up is closed.Measurements are possible on wires with adiameter up to 20 mm.InlinecurrentContinuity test(U/R/D)± 5 ADSOGo toPrintHelp202/06824

Digital storage oscilloscopeTest InstrumentsDSOScanning frequencyAuto modeThe associated operating functionsbecome visible when a channel isselected.2 V/Div.= 10 ms/Div.Freeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger modeT0MeasuringmodeAdjustment of trigger signalSelection of measuring modeTime/Div.PositionMultimeterGo toPrintHelpAdjustment of scanning frequencyShifting of curve202/067The graphic waveshapes of the curves can bedisplayed in the mask "DSO" and compared withone another.Parameters can be set, measurements triggered,and the measured values of individual curvesread.Scanning frequencies and amplitudes are setusing the various arrow buttons in the masks.The signals present in channels A or B can beselected using the buttons "Channel A" and"Channel B" and set individually.The measurements should preferably be made in"Auto setup mode" of the measuring mode.The trigger channel is selected and set using thebutton "Trigger mode".The objective of triggering is to establish a fixedrelationship between the measured voltage andthe sweep generated in the equipment. The resultcan be stationary oscillograms for single signalsand for signals repeated at irregular intervals.The trigger point is the point of the curve whichcorresponds to the beginning of the measurement.The signal response prior to the trigger point isalso displayed depending on the position of thetrigger point on the screen.Recorded curves can be compared with adefined curve for correctness using the function"Preset measurement".25

Measurements and analysis with the VAS 5051Measuring rangeamplitude channel ATest InstrumentsDSOScanning frequencyAuto modeDisplay of active measure mode5 V/Div.= 50 ms/Div.Freeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger mode0MeasuringmodeMeasuring mode maskis activated5 V/Div.=Auto Setup Auto Level AutoNormalSingleDraw modeMultimeterMeasuring rangeamplitude channel BGo toPrintHelp202/083Selection of types of measuring modeThe button "Measuring mode" can be used to setthe following methods of data measurement:- Auto setup- Auto level- Auto- Normal- Single- Draw modeIf an unknown signal is present, the measuremode "Auto setup" presents advantages.In auto setup mode, the amplitudes of channelsA and B, the scanning frequency, and the triggerthreshold are set automatically.A change is then made automatically to themode "Auto level", and the measurement continuedindependent of the signal amplitude.Measuring is carried out automatically and freerunningif the measure mode "Auto" is selected.The signal is displayed either following a validtrigger event or following expiry of the wait timedetermined by the scanning frequency.A trigger event is present if the entered input signalhas been triggered, i.e. a time and phasereference has been produced.A signal is only displayed on the screen in measuringmode "Normal" if a trigger signal ispresent and the trigger level is correctly set to theinput signal.A measurement is only carried out once in measuringmode "Single" following a valid triggerevent. A new single recording is carried out eachtime the button is pressed.The measure mode "Draw mode" should be setfor signals which only change slowly, e. g.lambda probe or temperature sender. Recordingof the measured value is untriggered, the curve isdisplayed continuously from left to right.26

Trigger pointTest InstrumentsDSOAuto level mode5 V/Div.= 20 ms/Div.Freeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger mode maskis activatedTrigger modeT0MeasuringmodeSlider for setting of triggerlevel5 V/Div.=ChannelCouplingEdge0.0MultimeterGo toPrintHelp202/084Arrow buttons for shifting of trigger pointThe button "Trigger mode" is used to activate theinput functions for setting the trigger signal.The signal connection (e. g. DSO 1, DSO 2, pickup,kV) for the trigger signal can be selected bypressing the button "Channel".When pressing the button "Coupling", a selectionmenu appears depending on the selection ofchannel A or B.High-frequency or low-frequency filtering of thetrigger signal can be carried out in this menu.The button "Edge" opens a further menu with thepossible selections "neg." or "pos.".The falling edge of the trigger signal or input signalis used when selecting "neg.", the rising edgewhen selecting "pos.".The trigger level can be changed by moving theslider.Shift upwards to select positive voltage values,and downwards to select negative values.The buttons "Coupling" and "Edge" are omittedif the signal connection "Pick-up" is selected.When connecting the measuring leadsof the DSO, check that the polarity andthe respective connection points arecorrect. The signal shape is largelydetermined by the connection points.Both signal cables should preferably beconnected to the sensor or actuator.27

Measurements and analysis with the VAS 5051Test InstrumentsDSOAuto level modeThe operating functions for channel A are displayedby pressing the button "Channel A".5 V/Div.= 0,1 s/Div.Freeze Frame5 V/Div.=ChannelCouplingGo toPresetmeasurementPrintHelp005.0Channel AChannel BTrigger modeMeasuringmodeMultimeter202/085A slider enables you to shift the curve vertically, separatelyfor each channel.The button "Channel" activates the signal connection(e. g. DSO 1, DSO 2, kV) for the selectedchannel.The amplitude setting of the measured signal ismade separately for each channel using thearrow buttons.A pullup menu appears when you press the button"Coupling".The possible selections have an influence on thedisplay of the curve, e. g. reference potential(GND), DC and AC voltage components.Test InstrumentsPreset measurementInjector,Passat B5,ADR,92KWHall sender-G40,Passat B5,ADR,92KWLambda probe-G39,Passat B5,ADR,92KWTest InstrumentsDSODisplayAuto mode5 V/Div.= 50 ms/Div.Auto level modeHall sender G40,Passat B5,ADR,92KWFreeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger modeMeasuringmodeFollowing pressing of the button"Preset measurement", a list of preset curvesappears.With the preset measurements, there will be a"Document" button in the future for the display ofadditional information (e. g. adaptation of measuringleads, recording conditions such as enginespeed or temperature).SprungTDruckenGo toHilfePresetmeasurementPrintHelp0MultimeterThe curve selected from the list is displayed in adifferent colour in the mask "DSO" by pressingthe button "Display".202/086Test InstrumentsDSO5 V/Div.=50 ms/Div.Auto level modeHall sender G40,Passat B5,ADR,92KFreeze FrameThe current curve (red) can then be comparedwith the fixed curve.Channel AChannel BTrigger modeThe current curve is permanently updated aslong as "Freeze Frame" has not been selected.0MeasuringmodeThe test parameters of the selected channel areset to the values with which the "Preset measurement"was saved. The parameters of the selectedchannel can then no longer be set freely.PresetmeasurementMultimeterGo toPrintHelp202/08728

Cursor 1 with measuring lineBy pressing the button "Freeze frame", the cyclicrepetition of the measurement can be stopped orcontinued.Test InstrumentsDSO5 V/Div.= 50 ms/Div.Auto level modeFreeze FrameAmplitude channel A13,4 VThe buttons "Cursor 1" and "Cursor 2" are displayedin the freeze frame function. The voltagevalues of the curves can then be displayed separatelyfor each channel.T 0CursorTime value-100,0 msCursor 1Cursor 2MultimeterThe associated voltage value of each curve canbe determined by shifting the cursor position.The time value represents the distance from thetrigger point "T".Go toPrintHelp202/081Shifting of cursor 1(fine adjustment)Cursor 2 with measuring lineTest InstrumentsAuto level modeDSO5 V/Div.= 50 ms/Div.T 0Freeze frameAmplitude difference A13,1 VTime difference244 msCursor 1Cursor 2The difference in amplitude is displayed automaticallyif both "Cursor" buttons are selected.The difference in amplitude results from the differencebetween the voltage value of the curveat the position of cursor 1 and the voltage valueat the position of cursor 2.The difference in time is the interval from cursor 1to cursor 2.CursorGo toPrintHelpMultimeterIf both cursors are selected, only cursor 2 can beshifted on the curve.202/023Shifting of cursor 2(fine adjustment)29

Measurements and analysis with the VAS 5051Sensor analysis with the DSOJ 220T80/67 T80/63 T80/563 2 1Engine speed sender G28The engine speed sender is a speed and referencemarker sender. The engine does not runwithout this signal.The adjacent circuit diagram shows the electricalconnections on the engine speed sender G28 ofthe 1.8 l/92 kW petrol engine.The signal for analysis by the DSO is measuredat the following contacts:DSO 1 (+)DSO 1 (–)→ Contact 1 (signal)→ Contact 2 (ground)G 28 202/038Remove the connector from the engine speedsender G28 and connect again using the measuringleads•V.A.G. 1594/1•V.A.G. 1594/2 and•V.A.G. 1594/19from the V.A.G. 1594A test set.The speed signal between contacts 1 and 2 canthen be displayed as a curve on the DSO.1 2 3The following curve is obtained:1 2 3V.A.G. 1594/1V.A.G. 1594/2V.A.G. 1594/19202/037DSO measuring lead30

Test InstrumentsDSOAuto level mode5 V/Div.= 10 ms/Div.Freeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger mode0MeasuringmodeChannelCouplingPresetmeasurement0.0MultimeterGo toPrintHelp202/059The crankshaft signal wheel has 60 teeth withtwo gaps of 2 teeth for synchronization.The two gaps can be clearly seen in the abovediagram.31

Measurements and analysis with the VAS 5051T80/62J 220T80/76 T80/67Hall sender G40The Hall sender signal enables the engine controlunit to recognize the ignition position forcylinder 1 with ignition systems without a distributor.The ignition point for the other cylinders and thecommencement of injection are calculated fromthis.1/+ 23/-G 40The adjacent circuit diagram shows the electricalconnections on the Hall sender G40 of the1.8 l/92 kW petrol engine.The electric signal of the Hall sender for subsequentanalysis by the DSO is measured at thefollowing contacts:202/044DSO 1 (+) → Contact 2 (signal)DSO 1 (−) → Contact 3 (ground)The connection to the control unit must not beinterrupted in the process, otherwise the enginewill stop.123The Hall sender signal between contacts 2 and 3can be displayed as a curve on the DSO by intermediateconnection of an adapter lead from theV.A.G. 1594A test set which permits parallel connectionof the DSO measuring lead of the VAS5051 tester on the Hall sender.The individual adapter leads are described onpage 30.The following curve is obtained:202/07532

Test InstrumentsDSOAuto level mode5 V/Div.= 50 ms/Div.Freeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger mode0MeasuringmodeChannelCouplingPresetmeasurement0.0MultimeterGo toPrintHelp202/058The Hall sender is OK if thecurve is uniform and periodic.33

Measurements and analysis with the VAS 5051Coolant temperature sender G62T80/70 T80/541 2J 220G 62 G 23 4The signal from the coolant temperature senderG62 is used by the engine control unit as a correctionfactor for the basic injection timingdepending on the engine temperature (warm-upperiod).The adjacent circuit diagram shows the electricalconnections on the coolant temperature senderG62 of the 1.8 l/92 kW petrol engine.The electric signal for subsequent analysis by theDSO is measured at the following contacts:202/039DSO 1 (+) → Contact 1 (signal)DSO 1 (−) → Contact 3 (ground)The coolant temperature sender G62 controls thecoolant temperature gauge in the dash panelinsert.13The temperature signal between contacts 1 and 3can be displayed as a curve by intermediateconnection of an adapter lead from the V.A.G.1594A test set.The individual adapter leads are described onpage 30.The following curve is obtained:202/07434

Test InstrumentsDSODraw mode5 V/Div .= 100 s/Div.Freeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger mode0MeasuringmodeChannelCouplingPresetmeasurement0.0MultimeterGo toPrintHelp202/060This signal via the adapter leads is slightly falsifiedby interfering fields, e. g. the ignition cables.However, the falling trend on warming-up of theengine can be recognized.The voltage curve shows the change in temperatureof the engine or coolant from approx. 10 °Cup to 90 °C.7kΩ5432900Ω700600500400300200Exact judgement of the engine temperaturesender is possible using the resistance characteristicfrom the corresponding workshopmanual.The characteristic shows the correspondingresistance value of the sender depending onthe temperature.The sender is OK if the resistance value iswithin the shaded area.10 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 °C 100100202/08935

Measurements and analysis with the VAS 5051J 220T80/26 T80/25 T80/274 3 2Lambda probe G39The lambda probe is located in the exhaust pipeupstream of the catalytic converter.The engine control unit receives a voltage signalfrom the lambda probe on the composition of theexhaust gas.The engine control unit controls the injectors suchthat the quantity of injected fuel results in an air/fuel ratio of approx. λ = 1.0.1+/87FG39202/042The adjacent circuit diagram shows the electricalconnections on the lambda probe G39 of the1.8 l/92 kW petrol engine.The electric signal for subsequent analysis by theDSO is measured at the following contacts:DSO 1 (+) → Contact 4 (signal)DSO 1 (−) → Contact 3 (ground)Lambda probe adapter VAS 5103The lambda probe adapter VAS 5103 is used toconnect the tester measuring leads to the lambdaprobe connector.The adapter lead is designed for two differentversions of lambda probe connectors.The unused connector must bedisconnected.1 2 3 443214321The lambda probe heating signal between contacts1 and 2 and the lambda probe signalbetween contacts 3 and 4 can be displayed as acurve by intermediate connection of the adapterlead which permits parallel connection of theDSO measuring lead of the VAS 5051 tester tothe connector for the lambda probe.The following curve is approximately obtainedfor the lambda probe signal at idling speed:202/07336

Test InstrumentsDSODraw mode0,2 V/Div.= 1 s/Div.Freeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger modeMeasure mode0ChannelCouplingPresetmeasurement-0.40MultimeterGo toPrintHelp202/061The visible deviations (peaks) are not faults in thelambda probe signal, they are interferences fromthe ignition system. They are "received" via theadapter leads and the DSO lead.The voltage signal for a rich mixture with littleresidual oxygen is approx. 0.7 ... 1.1 V.The voltage signal for a lean mixture with a lot ofresidual oxygen is approx. 0.1 ... 0.3 V.The following faults may be present if the changein voltage does not take place or is sluggish:- Holes in probe head blocked- Excessive thermal stress- Probe too cold, probe heating not functioning- Lambda control switched off, engine controlunit has recognized fault in injectionsystem -> interrogate fault memory.The transition from rich to lean and vice versa isaccompanied by a voltage jump from 0.7 ... 1.1 Vto 0.1 ... 0.3 V or vice versa.The control continuously oscillates between thestatuses "slightly too lean" and "slightly too rich".37

Measurements and analysis with the VAS 5051J 220Knock sensor G61T80/67T80/68The knock sensor records the vibrations of theengine during knocking combustion, and passesa signal on to the engine control unit.The engine control unit then sets the ignitionpoint to "Retard". This allows the engine to bedriven with different fuel qualities.21 3The function diagram for the knock sensor isshown on the left.The electric signal for subsequent analysis by theDSO is measured at the following contacts:DSO 1 (+) → Contact 1 (signal)DSO 1 (−) → Contact 2 (ground)G61202/043The function of the knock sensor can be checkedfrom the curve by intermediate connection of anadapter lead from the V.A.G. 1594A test set.The DSO measuring lead is connected parallel tothe contacts 1 and 2 of the knock sensor.The following curve is obtained:1 2 31 2 3V.A.G. 1594/1V.A.G. 1594/2DSO measuring leadV.A.G. 1594/19202/07238

Test InstrumentsDSOAuto level mode0,5 V/Div.= 10 ms/Div.Freeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger mode0MeasuringmodeChannelCouplingPresetmeasurement0.0MultimeterGo toPrintHelp202/062The curve shown above can be obtainede. g. by gently knocking on the mounting screw ofthe knock sensor.39

Measurements and analysis with the VAS 5051Actuator analysis with the DSOJ 220Injectors N30 ... N33The injectors are located in the manifoldupstream of the associated inlet valve.+/87F23423415A234a10e/8T80/73 T80/80 T80/58 T80/652 2 2 21 1 1 1N30N31N3233N202/040The injectors are controlled by the engine controlunit by means of electric pulses.The injection quantity is controlled by the enginecontrol unit by means of the injection periodsince the cross-section of the opening and thedifference in pressure are constant.The adjacent circuit diagram shows the electricalconnections of the individual injectors of the 1.8 l/92 kW petrol engine.The electric signal for subsequent analysis of anindividual injector by the DSO is measured at thefollowing contacts:DSO 1 (+) → Contact 2 (signal)DSO 1 (−) → Contact 1 (positive)The injection signal can be displayed as a curveby intermediate connection of an adapter leadfrom the V.A.G. 1594A test set into the wire to aninjector with the DSO measuring lead of the VAS5051 tester connected.The individual adapter leads are described onpage 30.Faults can be detected compared to a definedcurve.The following curve is obtained:DSO measuring lead202/07640

Test InstrumentsDSOAuto level mode20 V/Div.= 5 ms/Div.Freeze frameChannel AChannel BTrigger mode0Measure modeChannelCouplingPresetmeasurement0.0MultimeterGo toPrintHelp202/063The curve shows the voltage response on theinjector. The voltage peak results from dischargingof the magnetic field.The injection period is proportional to the injectionquantity.41

Measurements and analysis with the VAS 5051J 220T80/1521N80+/87F202/051Activated charcoal filter solenoid valve N80The activated charcoal filter solenoid valve is avalve in the tank venting system.The solenoid valve closes the tank venting systemdownstream of the activated charcoal filter andis only opened electrically by the engine controlunit.The solenoid valve is activated periodically bythe engine control unit according to evaluation ofthe lambda probe, the throttle valve sender andthe coolant temperature sender.The adjacent circuit diagram shows the electricalconnections of the activated charcoal filter solenoidvalve on the 1.8 l/92 kW petrol engine.The electric signal for subsequent analysis by theDSO is measured at the following contacts:DSO 1 (+) → Contact 2 (signal)DSO 1 (−) → Contact 1 (positive)21The solenoid valve control signal can be displayedas a curve by intermediate connection ofan adapter lead from the V.A.G. 1594A test setinto the lead to the activated charcoal filter solenoidvalve with the DSO measuring lead of theVAS 5051 tester connected.The individual adapter leads are described onpage 30.Faults can be detected compared to a defined,preset measurement.The following curve is obtained:202/07742

Test InstrumentsDSOAuto level mode20 V/Div.=10 ms/Div.Freeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger mode0MeasuringmodeChannelCouplingPresetmeasurement0.0MultimeterGo toPrintHelp202/066The opening duration and the switching frequencyof the activated charcoal filter solenoidvalve can be recognized from the displayedcurve.43

Measurements and analysis with the VAS 5051Your attention must finally be drawn to the followingpoints for evaluation of displayed curveswhich deviate greatly from one of the presetcurves:- Only curves recorded under the same conditionsor prerequisites can be compared withone another- Fluorescent lamps may produce interferingsignals- The ignition transformer and leads emit interferingsignals which may be superimposedon the actual curve or falsify it.The curves shown here are examples which cannotbe used as correct curves for fault finding.If the DSO test probes are notconnected correctly, it may occur thatinterfering signals from the ignitionsystem are displayed, and not theexpected sender or actuator signal.Test InstrumentsDSOAuto level mode0,2 V/Div.=50 ms/Div.Freeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger mode0MeasuringmodeChannelCouplingPresetmeasurement-0,16MultimeterGo toPrintHelp202/078The displayed curve shows the typical waveshapeof interference from illumination byfluorescent lamps.The interfering curve is superimposed on themeasured curve, and changes the overallcurve.44

Test InstrumentsDSOAuto level mode0,2 V/Div.= 50 ms/Div.Freeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger mode0MeasuringmodeChannelCouplingPresetmeasurement-0,16MultimeterGo toPrintHelp202/079The displayed curve shows the typical waveshapeof interference from the use of a portablelamp on the vehicle in the immediate vicinity ofthe measuring leads.Test InstrumentsDSOAuto level mode0,2 V/Div.= 0,5 ms/Div.Freeze FrameChannel AChannel BTrigger mode0MeasuringmodeChannelCouplingPresetmeasurement0.0MultimeterGo toPrintHelp202/080The displayed curve shows the typical waveshapeof interference from incorrectly connectedprobes of the DSO measuring lead.45

46Notes

Service. 202For internal use only © VOLKSWAGEN AG, WolfsburgAll rights reserved. Technical data subject to change without notice.740.2810.21.20 Corresponds to technical state 11/97❀ This paper was produced fromchlorine-free chemical pulp48