Integrated Training Area Management EA and Final FNSI

Table 3.8 Summary of Impacts 1 to Cultural Resources and Subsistence.Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Alternative 3ITAMActivityCulturalResourcesSubsistenceCulturalResourcesSubsistenceCulturalResourcesSubsistenceTRI Beneficial 2 None Beneficial 2 None Severe NoneLRAM Minor Beneficial Minor Beneficial Beneficial ModerateSRA Beneficial 2 Beneficial Beneficial 2 Beneficial Severe NoneRTLA None None None None None NoneGIS Beneficial 2 None Beneficial 2 None Minor None1 Short-term and long-term impacts are expected to be similar.2 Impacts would be beneficial only if properly applied. TRI, SRA, and GIS could have adverse impacts if they identify sitelocations and make them publicly available.Cumulative ImpactsCultural ResourcesPast activities may have impacted cultural resources by disturbing or destroying undocumented orundiscovered cultural sites. Additional impacts could result from current and planned constructionprojects, training activities, and recreation. Activities under the proposed action would add beneficial tominor adverse cumulative impacts to cultural resources on USARAK lands. The proposed action, ifproperly applied, would serve to prevent adverse impacts through TRI, SRA, and GIS programs.However, these same programs could have adverse impacts if site locations become public knowledge.LRAM projects would contribute to the negative cumulative impacts of all other ground-disturbingactivities. Since each LRAM project will undergo further cultural resources review, the cumulativeimpacts to cultural resources from these projects would be minor.SubsistencePast activities have impacted subsistence resources by altering habitat, restricting access, and militarytraining. Additional impacts could result from current and planned construction projects, trainingactivities, and recreation. Activities under the proposed action would add long-term beneficial impacts tosubsistence resources by improving access roads and trails and by improving habitat.3.9 HUMAN HEALTH AND SAFETYHuman health and safety includes those facets of military activities and materials that potentially pose arisk to the health, safety, and well-being of the public, military personnel, and civilian employees anddependents. Risks involve hazardous materials and wastes. Hazardous materials include petroleumcontaminatedabsorbent pads, batteries, light ballasts, mercury-containing light bulbs, non-recyclable oilsand fuels, compressed gas, non-recyclable hydraulic fluid, lead-based paint, paint, paint thinners andsolvents, pesticides, photo-developing chemicals, sandblast residue, solvents and degreasers, thermostatswith mercury ampoules, and non-recyclable transmission fluid. Asbestos, radon, polychlorinatedbiphenyls (PCBs), and pesticides are also considered hazardous wastes.Unexploded ordnance, vehicular accidents, and other occupational safety hazards can occur withUSARAK activities. More information on human health and safety can be found in the Transformation ofU.S. Army Alaska Final EIS (USARAK 2004)._____________________________________________________________________________________________Environmental AssessmentUnited States Army Alaska, Integrated Training Area Management ProgramManagement Plan 59