Integrated Training Area Management EA and Final FNSI

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(2) stream crossings shall be made only at locations with graduallysloping banks, not at sheer or cut banks. Timing restrictions forcrossing a stream may apply depending on type of fish species presentand habitat type.Second paragraph, second sentence reads, "The expected load andfrequency of a stream crossing, however, will govern the selection of abridge as the correct choice for a temporary stream crossing." Fishhabitat and fish species present in the stream should also be a strongfactor when deciding.The third sentence states that "bridges usually cause minimaldisturbance to a stream's bank" and then the figure states "properlyinstalled stream crossings can prevent destruction of stream habitat".These are both true statements, but the bridge structure displayed inthe figure would be very destructive to a stream bank.(12) Page C2-37. First paragraph, second sentence reads "The culvert...should be of sufficient diameter to allow for complete passage of flowduring peak flow periods". In addition, if fish are present in thestream, the culvert diameter should be designed in relation to thestream width and depth and fish use in that portion of the waterbody.Third paragraph, first sentence reads, "Fords should be constructed ofstabilizing material such as large rocks." Fish passage must bemaintained at all times when a structure is placed across a stream, somaterial amount and size needs to be considered carefully.(13) Page C2-39 through 41. C2-10. Gravel Extraction. Overburdenshould be stockpiled and kept separated from mining activities; it canbe a valuable tool when used for reclamation once the material site hasbeen exhausted.(14) Page C2-41. C2-12. Gravel Pit Reclamation. Please change the lastsentence to read, "Slopes within a reclaimed pit do not exceed 2:1 andare track walked (parallel to the pit) for re-seeding and/orfertilizing."(15) Page C2-50. C. Live Staking. Third paragraph - we have found thatlonger (than 10-24 inches) willow stakes have higher success rates - themore length of a stake you can get into the ground the better.(16) Page C2-58. A. Brush Layering. I do not believe that the brushlayering technique would do well on "...steep slopes and streambanks..."Slopes steeper than 2:1 are difficult to work on and to get vegetationto grow on, even with the use of a fabric. In the last sentence of thisparagraph, the word "needed" needs to be changed to "seeded." Also notethat over-seeding with grass can lead to low success of willows due tocompetition for water and nutrients.(17) Page C2-63. H. Vegetative matting. The first sentence shouldread, "A vegetative mat is a large transplant of plants with roots andsoil intact."(18) Page C2-67. M. Spruce Tree Revetment. A suggestion for the second_____________________________________________________________________________________________Environmental AssessmentUnited States Army Alaska, Integrated Training Area Management ProgramManagement Plan E-10
sentence could read, "The trees are secured tightly to the bank withcable and earth anchors, and preferably to the stream bed below thewater level."If the structure(s) is not secured properly (i.e., tightly against thebank and bed) they can cause more damage than good.(19) Page C2-67 through 68. N. Root Wads. Please add to the end of theparagraph, "The root fan of the structure is placed in a dredged channelparallel to the toe of the bank so 1/3 of the fan is below the streambed and the tree trunk (or bole) is resting at stream bed elevation.The bole of the tree is securely anchored and set into the bank (oftenthe existing bank is removed and back filled over the boles). The bolesare placed close enough so the root fans over lap.(20) Page C2-68. O. Vegetative Buffer. I think a different name forthis section would be appropriate and then it needs to be maintainedthroughout this section. I am assuming you are referring to apermanent, preferably natural "structure"?? Maybe "Riparian Buffer".First paragraph, end of second sentence please add "...catch sedimentand toxic chemicals (e.g., pesticides, fertilizers)."Second paragraph, last sentence should read, "...potential sources ofnon point source pollution."Third bullet - please change sentence to read, "...of storm waterpollutants, annual rainfall, and primary land use of adjacent property."(21) Page C2-69. O. Vegetative Buffer. I do not agree with the secondparagraph, especially if the buffer is near a waterbody. This area(buffer) should be kept as natural as possible with no use offertilizers, lime, or mowing.(22) Page C2-70. A. Buffer Zones. The name of this section needs tobe used and kept separate from Section O. Vegetative Buffer. The thirdparagraph, fourth sentence has two miss-spelled words: "moving" shouldbe "mowing" and "irrigatin" should be "irrigating". The third andfourth sentences talk about maintaining and maintenance of these areas-- is maintenance really important? I could see maintenance needs in a"city"type atmosphere, but not in most places in Alaska.(23) Page C2-79. F. Temporary Stream Crossings. Can you make referencein this section to the previous section on temporary stream crossingswhere more information is given?(24) Page C2-79. Streambank Repair (Interior Alaska). First paragraph,third sentence please change the word "can" to "may" be utilized in theinterior.A. Riprap - please add "...usually to the ordinary high water line" atthe end of the sentence.B. Gabions - are usually used in place of riprap to construct an apronand prevent further erosion of the toe of the bank, not usually tocreate a new stream bank._____________________________________________________________________________________________Environmental AssessmentUnited States Army Alaska, Integrated Training Area Management ProgramManagement Plan E-11
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DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYUNITED STATES
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TABLE OF CONTENTSCHAPTER 1: PURPOSE
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Table 3.9 Summary of Impacts to Hum
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and Training Land Program, the rang
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• Establish a defined land condit
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Donnelly Training AreaDonnelly Trai
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determine whether additional NEPA a
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Table 2.2 Summary of Environmental
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CHAPTER 3: DESCRIPTION OF THE AFFEC
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Maneuver Trail Maintenance and Upgr
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Mungoven 2001). Engineering soil ty
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projects and would result in wide,
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growth. Wind and sand fences would
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iological impacts of military train
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willow scrub communities are common
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disturbed. Further, hardening low w
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disturbance or removal, best manage
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SRAThrough the SRA program, soldier
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Ship Creek (from the Glenn Highway
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effective site drainage. Required p
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Game 1998). More information on wil
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Fort Wainwright and associated land
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Long-term beneficial impacts to wil
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1998).The Alaska Interagency Wildla
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Prescribed burns, mechanical thinni
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unplanned fires, soldiers are direc
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USARAK also implemented the USARTRA
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LRAM projects beneficial to public
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Cumulative ImpactsPast military act
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Two surveys conducted on Yukon Trai
Page 65 and 66: LRAM activities under Alternative 1
Page 67 and 68: 3.9.1 Affected EnvironmentFort Rich
Page 69 and 70: SRA program, which educates soldier
Page 71 and 72: 3.10.2 Environmental ConsequencesAl
Page 73 and 74: Fort Richardson receives few compla
Page 75 and 76: Table 3.11 Summary of Impacts 1 to
Page 77 and 78: oads and hauling fill and rock mate
Page 79 and 80: CHAPTER 4: PREPARERS AND CONTRIBUTO
Page 81 and 82: Benson, A.M. 1999. Distribution of
Page 83 and 84: Neely, R. J. 2001. Early Mining His
Page 85 and 86: CHAPTER 6: AGENCIES AND INDIVIDUALS
Page 87 and 88: Project NameBulldog TrailWidening P
Page 89 and 90: Project NameYukon TrainingArea Demo
Page 91 and 92: Project NameYukon TrainingArea Firi
Page 93 and 94: Project NameEddy Drop ZoneVegetatio
Page 95 and 96: Project Name33 Mile LoopRoad Shortc
Page 97 and 98: APPENDIX B: BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTIC
Page 99 and 100: Sediment Trap(Permanent) SeedingSil
Page 101 and 102: APPENDIX C: SAMPLE RECORD OF ENVIRO
Page 103 and 104: APPENDIX D: ITAM PROJECT ASSESSMENT
Page 105 and 106: Fire ManagementYes No□ □ Could
Page 107 and 108: APPENDIX E: AGENCY COMMENTSThe foll
Page 109 and 110: ___________________________________
Page 111 and 112: ___________________________________
Page 113 and 114: Sent: Monday, June 13, 2005 5:00 PM
Page 115: Second paragraph - I do not underst
Page 119 and 120: The third paragraph seems too speci
Page 121: USARAK does not have a current five
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Integrated Training Area Management EA and Final FNSI

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