Bangladesh 1993-1994 Demographic and Health ... - Measure DHS

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nearby area. Field workers supply both pills and condoms. In part to increase the accessibility of other, moreclinical methods, the government implemented a system of satellite clinics. Under this system, staff from thehealth centers at the union headquarters visit selected villages at prescheduled times to set up a temporaryclinic, The clinics include basic health services, such as health and nutrition education, antenatal care,screening for high-risk pregnancies, and family planning advice and supplies. A key staff person in thissystem is the Family Welfare Visitor (FWV), who is able to give contraceptive injections and to insert IUDs.In order to assess the extent of coverage of both field workers and satellite clinics, the BDHS includedquestions about both services. Although "satellite clinic" is a simple term in English, there is no equivalentterm in Bangla, and interviewers, therefore, had to describe the clinic. Thus, the data depend on the abilityof respondents to understand the definition.Table 4.30 shows the proportion of currently married women who said that they had been visited bya field worker in the six months prior to the survey. The data are shown by whether the visit was to talk aboutfamily planning (or to give a method) and whether the respondent received family planning supplies. Thirtyeightpercent of women said that in the previous six months someone had visited them in their house to talkabout family planning or to give them a family planning method. An additional 5 percent of women said thata family planning field worker had visited them for another reason. The mean number of field worker visitswas three. Of those visited, about one-third received family planning supplies.There has been a slight increase in field worker coverage since 1991, when 36 percent of marriedwomen reported having been visited (Mitra et al., 1993:75). However, the fact that only slightly more thanone-third of married women are being visited by field workers is cause for concem, since virtually all partsof the country are now covered by field workers (see Table 10.3). Moreover, studies have shown thatfrequent home visits to all eligible couples, irrespective of their current status, are associated with higherfamily planning program performance (Bernhart and Kamal, 1994; Phillips et al., 1994).Some women are more likely than others to tlave been visited by a field worker. Younger and olderwomen are less likely to have been visited, presumably because they are either more likely to want to getpregnant or more likely to be infecund or sterilized. Urban women are slightly more likely than rural womento have been visited in the previous six months. As for differences by division, women in Chittagong andDhaka Divisions are less likely, and those in Khulna Division more likely, to have been visited by a fieldworker. A smaUer proportion of uneducated women and those with no children reported that they had beenvisited by a family planning field worker in the six months before the survey. As might be expected, womenwho were using contraception were substantially more likely than nonusers to be visited by a field worker.Although field workers are instructed to visit all the households in their assigned area, it is likely that manynonusers are either pregnant, attempting to get pregnant, opposed to family planning, or menopausal, andthus, do not present as urgent a need as others. Among users, coverage is higher for users of the pill,injection, and condoms, while it is understandably low for those who have been sterilized. Among womenwho were visited by a field worker, there are minimal differences in either the mean number of visits overthe six months prior to the survey or in the proportion who received family planning supplies, except thatwomen in Rajshahi Division are more likely to receive supplies than women in other divisions, as are womenwho are using supply methods such as the pill and condoms.68
Table 4.30 Contact with family planning field workersPercentage of currently married women who reported having been visited by a family planning fieldworker in the six months prior to the survey, and, of those, the mean number of times visited and thepercentage who received supplies, by selected background characteristics and contraceptive usestatus, Bangladesh 1993-94Percentage of cunently marriedwomen visited by a fieldworker in last 6 months:To talkaboutBackground farrfily Forcharacteristic/ planning/ some NumberConla'aceptive To give other ofuse status method reason womenAmong currently marriedwomen visited by afamily planning field worker:Mean percentnumber who Numberof received ofvisits supplies womenAge10-14 14.8 1.9 140 * * 2315-19 29.7 4.3 1224 2.8 27.5 41620-24 42.3 4.5 1964 3.2 36.7 91825-29 46.9 4.8 1911 3.2 37.9 98830-34 42.4 4.7 1353 3.3 37.6 63835-39 38.4 4.5 1079 3,3 34.8 46340~.4 28.8 5.5 767 3.7 32.6 26345~19 14.5 5.0 541 3.2 22.4 106ResidenceUrban 41.8 3.9 1013 2.8 32,9 463Rural 37.3 4.7 7967 3.3 35.6 3351DlvlsinnBarisal 41.1 7.3 567 3.3 31.6 274Chittagong 29.3 4.4 2334 3.3 24.1 785Dhaka 34.9 4.6 2756 3.0 35.4 1088Khulna 49.2 5.0 1145 3.3 33,7 621Rajshahi 43.9 4.1 2178 3.2 45.3 1045EducationNo education 34.6 4.2 5093 3.3 36.0 1975Primary complete 41,7 5.4 1601 3.2 38.2 755Primary incomplete 40.7 4.8 894 3.2 32.2 407Secondary/Higher 43.4 5.2 1392 3.1 31.6 677Number of living children0 17.4 4.1 1149 2.8 14.7 2481 41.1 4.7 1604 3.1 35.0 7362 43.3 4.4 1821 3.2 36.3 8693 42.6 4.7 1502 3.2 37.8 7124 40.9 4.3 1095 3.4 40.1 4955+ 36.5 5.2 1809 3.4 35.4 754Contraceptive use statusUsing any method 52.6 3.6 4002 3.3 52.9 2249Pill 76.5 1.6 1560 3.2 76.3 1218IUD 46.5 4.5 196 3.5 5,4 100Injection 66.7 2.8 404 3.5 39.0 281Condom 56.3 2.4 269 3.4 57.4 158Female sterilization 13,1 8.3 724 3.4 1.6 154Male sterilization 13.1 7.8 98 4.5 9.3 21Periodic abstinence 38.6 2.9 434 3.3 13.8 180Withdrawal 44.7 4.9 220 3.0 17.7 109Other 26.7 2.9 96 2.8 18.4 28Not using any method 26.0 5.5 4978 3.1 9.9 1565Total 38.0 5.0 8980 3.0 35.0 3814* Fewer than 25 unweighted women69
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Demographicand Health Survey1993-19
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This report summarizes the findings
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4.7 Reasons for Selecting Family Pl
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TABLESPageTable 1.1Table 2.1Table 2
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PageTable 5.5Table 5.6Table 5.7Tabl
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FIGURESPageFigure2.1Hguro2.2~gure2.
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Secretary,Ministry of Health & Fami
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1993-94 BDHS TECHNICAL REVIEW COMMI
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SUMMARY OF FINDINGSThe 1993-94 Bang
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almost universal in Bangladesh for
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fully vaccinated, a vast improvemen
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CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION1.1 Geography
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Fertility in Bangladesh is declinin
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Factors for Program SuccessNumerous
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Foundation, the Bangladesh Bureau o
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CHAPTER 2CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHO
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Figure 2.2Distribution of De Facto
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EducationEducation is a key determi
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with no education and more men than
Page 45 and 46: The majority (69 percent) of househ
Page 47 and 48: ~l'able 2.9 Background characterist
Page 49: Access to MediaWomen were asked if
Page 52 and 53: for the whole country is 29 births
Page 54 and 55: Table 3.2 Fertility by background c
Page 56 and 57: Births per 1,000 Women3oo250 s ~Fig
Page 58 and 59: Figure 3.5Trends in the Total Ferti
Page 61 and 62: Table 3.9 Children ever born and li
Page 63 and 64: The data show that birth intervals
Page 65 and 66: Table 3.14 shows the percentage of
Page 67 and 68: CHAPTER 4FERTILITY REGULATION4.1 Kn
Page 69 and 70: Table 4.3 Differentials in knowledg
Page 71 and 72: Ever-use rates vary with the age of
Page 73 and 74: Table 4.7 Trends in current use of
Page 75 and 76: Table 4.8 Current use of fJ~,nily p
Page 77 and 78: Table 4.9 Trends in current use of
Page 79 and 80: Overall, 41 percent of respondents
Page 81 and 82: Use of Social Marketing BrandsBangl
Page 83 and 84: Table 4.16 Quality of pill usePerce
Page 85 and 86: Table 4.19 Use of condom brandsPerc
Page 87 and 88: Table4.21 StedlizationregretPercent
Page 89 and 90: The source a woman uses to obtain c
Page 91 and 92: Table 4.24 Reasons for discontinuat
Page 93 and 94: Table 4.26 Reasons for not using co
Page 95: Respondents were further asked whet
Page 99 and 100: CHAPTER 5OTHER PROXIMATE DETERMINAN
Page 101 and 102: Figure 5.1Trends in Proportion of W
Page 103 and 104: Table 5.4 Age at furst marriagePerc
Page 105 and 106: Table 5.6 indicates that a large ma
Page 107: 5.7 Termination of Exposure to Preg
Page 110 and 111: Table 6.1 Fertility preferences by
Page 112 and 113: Table 6.2 Fertility preferences by
Page 114 and 115: 6.2 Need for Family Planning Servic
Page 116 and 117: Table 6.5 Ideal and actual number o
Page 118 and 119: Table 6.7 Fertility planning status
Page 120 and 121: Table 7.1 Infant and child mortalit
Page 122 and 123: Matlab area of Bangladesh. Infant m
Page 124 and 125: Table 7.4 Infant and child mortalit
Page 126 and 127: Column 3 of Table 7.5 shows the pro
Page 128 and 129: Table 8.1 Antenatal carePercent dis
Page 130 and 131: Pregnant women who seek antenatal c
Page 132 and 133: Table 8.4 Place of deliveryPercent
Page 134 and 135: 5 percent were assisted by doctors,
Page 136 and 137: 59 percent of children 12-23 months
Page 138 and 139: Trends in Vaccination CoverageA gen
Page 140 and 141: Overall, just over one-quarter (28
Page 142 and 143: Figure 8.4Percentage of Children un
Page 144 and 145: Prevalence of BreastfeedlngTable 8.
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The results shown in Table 8.13 ind
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The median duration of breastfeedin
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Table 9.2 Age differences between s
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When data on current contraceptive
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The data indicate that when husband
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There is a high degree of agreement
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Table 10.1 Distance to public servi
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All but a tiny fraction of family p
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MarriageA review of the role of the
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Unmet Need for Family PlanningThe f
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Family Planning Outreach/Satellite
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should be organized on a priority b
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REFERENCESArnold, Fred. 1990. Asses
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APPENDIX ASAMPLE IMPLEMENTATION
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APPENDIX BESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERR
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The Jacknife repeated replication m
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Table B.2 Sampling errors - Nationa
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Table B.4 Sampling errors - Rural s
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Table B.6 Sampling errors - Chittag
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Table B.8 Sampling errors - Khuhaa,
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APPENDIX CDATA QUALITY
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Table C.1 Household age distributio
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C.2 FertilityThe low level of ferti
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Figure C.1Births by Calendar Year,
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This cursory inspection of the qual
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APPENDIX DQUESTIONNAIRES
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULENow we uoutd like
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NO.GUESTIONS AND FILTERS19 What is
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182
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SECTION 1.RESPONDEHTBS BACKGROUNDSK
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSCOOING CATE
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211 Now I would like to talk to you
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221CONPARE 208 WITH NIJI4BER OF BIR
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SECTION 3:COBTRACEPTION301 I No~ (
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NO.315 QhJch method are you using?3
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NO.J320B IQUESTIONS AND FILTERSSHOW
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSCODING CATE
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331 I would like to ask some questi
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SECTION 4A.PREGNANCY AND BREASTFEED
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430 Are you still braastfeedingCNAM
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442H442I442JAmong the I~rsons with
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BANELA~ BIRYHNEXT-TO'LAST BIRTHNAME
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RO. J501 JOUESTIORS AND FILTERSSECT
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SECTION 7.HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND, RES
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INTERVIEWER'S OBSERVATIONS(To be fi
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218
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SECTION 1.RESPONGENT'S BACKGROUND10
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~[CT|ON 2.REPROOUCTIOMNo. I 043ESTI
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SKIPRo. I QUESTIONS AND FILTERS I C
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NO. IQUESTIONS AND FILTERSCODING CA
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NO,502CHECK ]15:SECTION 5.FERTILITY
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INTERVIEWER'S OBSERVATIONS(To be fi
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i. GENERAL DESCRIPTIONNO.OUESTIONS
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HO.QUEST lOllSL19 t~hat services do
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NO.QUESTIONS CCOING CATEGORIES SKIP
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iO.9QUESTIONS COOING CATEGORIES SXI
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