Bangladesh 1993-1994 Demographic and Health ... - Measure DHS

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The results shown in Table 8.13 indicate that among newboms less than two months of age, 63percent were exclusively breastfed and another 12 percent were fully breasfed; however, one-quarter of thesevery young babies were already receiving supplemental foods or liquids. Among those age 2-3 months, abouthalf (47 percent) were exclusively breastfed and half were being given supplements. By age 8-9 months, only9 percent were being exclusively breastfed.Table 8.14 shows in more detail the types of food supplemention received by breastfeeding children.The results are striking. One in ten babies under two months of age is given infant formula. The use offormula increases steadily to 27 percent of children age 6-7 months and is given to about one-quarter ofchildren up to age 35 months. Almost equal proportions of children at every age group receive supplementsof infant formula, other milk and other liquids. Solid and mushy food items do not become an important partof the diet until at least age 6-7 months. After this age, the transition to giving solid and mushy foods assupplements is so slow as to be problematic; among children age 10-11 months, less than half are reportedlybeing fed any solid or mushy food. If true, this indicates severe nutritional deficits for infants in Bangladesh.However, since it is unlikely that children close to one year of age could survive long on a liquid diet, thepossibility that the question was misunderstood or that children's ages were overestimated should beconsidered.Table 8.14 l]reastfeeding and supplementation by agePercentage of breastfeeding children who are receiving specific types offood supplementation, by age in months, Bangladesh 1993-94Age in monthsPercentage of breastfeedingchildren who are receiving supplementationNumberInfant Other Other Solid/ offormula milk liquid mushy children
Duration of BreastfeedingData on the median duration and frequency of breastfeeding are presented in Table 8.15. Theestimates of mean and median duration of breastfeeding are based on current status data, that is, theproportion of children under 3 years of age who were being breastfed at the time of the survey, as opposedto retrospective data on the length of breastfeeding of older children who are no longer breastfed. Theprevalence/incidence mean is also provided for possible comparison with other data sources.Table 8.15 Median duration and frequency of breastfeedingMedian duration of any breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding, and full breastfeeding amongchildren under three years of age, and the percentage of children under 6 months of age whowere breastfed six or more times in the 24 hours preceding the interview, according toselected background characteristics, Bangladesh 1993-94Childrenunder 6 monthsMedian duration in months I Number of Breastfedchildren 6+ timesAny Exclusive Full under in NumberBackground breast- breast- breast- 3 years preceding ofcharacteristic feeding feeding feeding 2 of age 24 hours childrenSex of childMale a 1.4 2.7 2005 95.0 326Female a 1.8 2.6 1921 94.9 299ResidenceUrban (26.0) * * 395 92.6 74Rural a 1.7 2.9 3531 95.3 550DivisionBarisal a * * 253 95.3 41Chittagong 26.4 (2.0) 4.6 1193 95.6 177Dhaka 33.3 1.1 1.7 1199 94.1 220Khulna a * * 430 96.5 57Rajshahi a (2.2) 3.2 851 94.7 129Mother's educationNo education a 1.9 3.4 2250 94.6 334Primary incomplete a (1.7) (2.4) 670 94.8 112Prima D, complete * * * 399 94.8 82Secondary/Higher 26.4 (1.1) (2.3) 607 96.3 96Assistance at deliveryMedically ~ained * * * 373 95.4 62Traditional midwife a 1.5 2.7 2371 94.7 401Other or none 33.7 2.3 3.6 1175 95.4 161Total a 1.6 2.7 3926 94.9 624Mean 28.3 4.6 6.7 96.2Prevalence/Incidence 3 27.6 4.0 6.1Note: Figures in parentheses are based on 25 to 49 children; an asterisk means a figure isbased on fewer than 25 children and h~ been suppressed.IMedians and means are based on current status2Either exclusive breastfeeding or breastfeeding and plain water only~The prevalence-incidence mean is borrowed from epidemiology and is defined as the numberof children whose mothers are amenurrheic (prevalence) divided by the average number ofbirths per month (incidence).aMedian is 36 months or more119
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Demographicand Health Survey1993-19
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This report summarizes the findings
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4.7 Reasons for Selecting Family Pl
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TABLESPageTable 1.1Table 2.1Table 2
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PageTable 5.5Table 5.6Table 5.7Tabl
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FIGURESPageFigure2.1Hguro2.2~gure2.
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Secretary,Ministry of Health & Fami
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1993-94 BDHS TECHNICAL REVIEW COMMI
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SUMMARY OF FINDINGSThe 1993-94 Bang
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almost universal in Bangladesh for
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fully vaccinated, a vast improvemen
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CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION1.1 Geography
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Fertility in Bangladesh is declinin
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Factors for Program SuccessNumerous
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Foundation, the Bangladesh Bureau o
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CHAPTER 2CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHO
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Figure 2.2Distribution of De Facto
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EducationEducation is a key determi
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with no education and more men than
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The majority (69 percent) of househ
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~l'able 2.9 Background characterist
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Access to MediaWomen were asked if
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for the whole country is 29 births
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Table 3.2 Fertility by background c
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Births per 1,000 Women3oo250 s ~Fig
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Figure 3.5Trends in the Total Ferti
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Table 3.9 Children ever born and li
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The data show that birth intervals
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Table 3.14 shows the percentage of
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CHAPTER 4FERTILITY REGULATION4.1 Kn
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Table 4.3 Differentials in knowledg
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Ever-use rates vary with the age of
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Table 4.7 Trends in current use of
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Table 4.8 Current use of fJ~,nily p
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Table 4.9 Trends in current use of
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Overall, 41 percent of respondents
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Use of Social Marketing BrandsBangl
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Table 4.16 Quality of pill usePerce
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Table 4.19 Use of condom brandsPerc
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Table4.21 StedlizationregretPercent
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The source a woman uses to obtain c
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Table 4.24 Reasons for discontinuat
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Table 4.26 Reasons for not using co
Page 95 and 96: Respondents were further asked whet
Page 97 and 98: Table 4.30 Contact with family plan
Page 99 and 100: CHAPTER 5OTHER PROXIMATE DETERMINAN
Page 101 and 102: Figure 5.1Trends in Proportion of W
Page 103 and 104: Table 5.4 Age at furst marriagePerc
Page 105 and 106: Table 5.6 indicates that a large ma
Page 107: 5.7 Termination of Exposure to Preg
Page 110 and 111: Table 6.1 Fertility preferences by
Page 112 and 113: Table 6.2 Fertility preferences by
Page 114 and 115: 6.2 Need for Family Planning Servic
Page 116 and 117: Table 6.5 Ideal and actual number o
Page 118 and 119: Table 6.7 Fertility planning status
Page 120 and 121: Table 7.1 Infant and child mortalit
Page 122 and 123: Matlab area of Bangladesh. Infant m
Page 124 and 125: Table 7.4 Infant and child mortalit
Page 126 and 127: Column 3 of Table 7.5 shows the pro
Page 128 and 129: Table 8.1 Antenatal carePercent dis
Page 130 and 131: Pregnant women who seek antenatal c
Page 132 and 133: Table 8.4 Place of deliveryPercent
Page 134 and 135: 5 percent were assisted by doctors,
Page 136 and 137: 59 percent of children 12-23 months
Page 138 and 139: Trends in Vaccination CoverageA gen
Page 140 and 141: Overall, just over one-quarter (28
Page 142 and 143: Figure 8.4Percentage of Children un
Page 144 and 145: Prevalence of BreastfeedlngTable 8.
Page 148 and 149: The median duration of breastfeedin
Page 150 and 151: Table 9.2 Age differences between s
Page 152 and 153: When data on current contraceptive
Page 154 and 155: The data indicate that when husband
Page 156 and 157: There is a high degree of agreement
Page 158 and 159: Table 10.1 Distance to public servi
Page 160 and 161: All but a tiny fraction of family p
Page 162 and 163: MarriageA review of the role of the
Page 164 and 165: Unmet Need for Family PlanningThe f
Page 166 and 167: Family Planning Outreach/Satellite
Page 168 and 169: should be organized on a priority b
Page 171 and 172: REFERENCESArnold, Fred. 1990. Asses
Page 173: APPENDIX ASAMPLE IMPLEMENTATION
Page 177: APPENDIX BESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERR
Page 180 and 181: The Jacknife repeated replication m
Page 182 and 183: Table B.2 Sampling errors - Nationa
Page 184 and 185: Table B.4 Sampling errors - Rural s
Page 186 and 187: Table B.6 Sampling errors - Chittag
Page 188 and 189: Table B.8 Sampling errors - Khuhaa,
Page 191: APPENDIX CDATA QUALITY
Page 194 and 195: Table C.1 Household age distributio
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C.2 FertilityThe low level of ferti
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Figure C.1Births by Calendar Year,
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This cursory inspection of the qual
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APPENDIX DQUESTIONNAIRES
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULENow we uoutd like
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NO.GUESTIONS AND FILTERS19 What is
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182
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SECTION 1.RESPONDEHTBS BACKGROUNDSK
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSCOOING CATE
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211 Now I would like to talk to you
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221CONPARE 208 WITH NIJI4BER OF BIR
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SECTION 3:COBTRACEPTION301 I No~ (
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NO.315 QhJch method are you using?3
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NO.J320B IQUESTIONS AND FILTERSSHOW
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSCODING CATE
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331 I would like to ask some questi
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SECTION 4A.PREGNANCY AND BREASTFEED
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430 Are you still braastfeedingCNAM
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442H442I442JAmong the I~rsons with
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BANELA~ BIRYHNEXT-TO'LAST BIRTHNAME
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RO. J501 JOUESTIORS AND FILTERSSECT
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SECTION 7.HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND, RES
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INTERVIEWER'S OBSERVATIONS(To be fi
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218
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SECTION 1.RESPONGENT'S BACKGROUND10
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~[CT|ON 2.REPROOUCTIOMNo. I 043ESTI
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SKIPRo. I QUESTIONS AND FILTERS I C
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NO. IQUESTIONS AND FILTERSCODING CA
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NO,502CHECK ]15:SECTION 5.FERTILITY
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INTERVIEWER'S OBSERVATIONS(To be fi
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i. GENERAL DESCRIPTIONNO.OUESTIONS
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HO.QUEST lOllSL19 t~hat services do
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NO.QUESTIONS CCOING CATEGORIES SKIP
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iO.9QUESTIONS COOING CATEGORIES SXI
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Bangladesh 1993-1994 Demographic and Health ... - Measure DHS

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