Bangladesh 1993-1994 Demographic and Health ... - Measure DHS
Bangladesh 1993-1994 Demographic and Health ... - Measure DHS
Bangladesh 1993-1994 Demographic and Health ... - Measure DHS
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CHAPTER 7INFANT AND CHILD MORTALITY7.1 IntroductionThis chapter presents information on mortality under age five in <strong>Bangladesh</strong>, specifically on levels,trends <strong>and</strong> differentials in neonatal, posmeonatal, infant, <strong>and</strong> child mortality, as well as data on high-riskfertility behavior. The data are disaggregated by sex, socioeconomic <strong>and</strong> demographic characteristics,division, <strong>and</strong> other factors in order to identify segments of the population requiring special attention. Thisinformation is useful for monitoring <strong>and</strong> evaluating population <strong>and</strong> health programs <strong>and</strong> policies. Infant<strong>and</strong> child mortality rates are basic indicators of a country's socioeconomic situation <strong>and</strong> quality of life.Estimates of childhood mortality are based on information from the birth history section of thequestionnaire administered to individual women. The section began with questions about the aggregatechildbearing experience of respondents (i.e., the number of sons <strong>and</strong> daughters who live with the mother,the number who live elsewhere <strong>and</strong> the number who have died). For each of these births, information wasthen collected on sex, month <strong>and</strong> year of birth, survivorship status <strong>and</strong> current age, or, if the child haddied, age at death.This information is used to directly estimate mortality rates.childhood is measured using the following five rates:In this report, mortality in earlyNeonatal mortality:Postneonatal mortality:Infant mortality:Child mortality:Under-five mortality:the probability of dying within the first month of life;the difference between infant <strong>and</strong> neonatal mortality;the probability of dying before the first birthday;the probability of dying between the first <strong>and</strong> fifth birthday;the probability of dying between birth <strong>and</strong> the fifth birthday.All rates are expressed per 1,000 live births, except for child mortality, which is expressed per 1,000children surviving to 12 months of age.Examination of data relating to child mortality does not indicate that there are any serious biasesin reporting (see Appendix C.2 for details).7.2 Levels <strong>and</strong> Trends in Infant <strong>and</strong> Child MortalityNeonatal, postneonatal, infant, child, <strong>and</strong> under-five mortality rates are shown in Table 7.1 forfive-year periods preceding the survey. Under-five mortality for the most recent five-year period (whichroughly corresponds to the years 1989-<strong>1993</strong>) is 133 per 1,000 births. This means that almost one in sevenchildren born in <strong>Bangladesh</strong> dies before reaching the fifth birthday. Two-thirds of the deaths under agefive occur in the first year of life; the infant mortality rate is 87 deaths per 1,000 births <strong>and</strong> the childmortality rate is 50 per 1,1300 children age one year, During infancy, the risk of death in the first monthof life (52 per 1,000) is greater than in the next 11 months (35 per 1,000).91