Bangladesh 1993-1994 Demographic and Health ... - Measure DHS

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abstaining. The mean duration of postpartum amenorrhea is 12 months; that of postpartum abstinence is 4months. The combination of these two factors means that Bangladeshi women are insusceptible to the riskof pregnancy--either due to amenorrhea or to abstinence for an average of 12 months after giving birth.The mean durations of amenorrhea calculated from the 1989 BFS and the 1991 CPS were also 12, indicatingno change over time (Huq and Cleland, 1990:87; Mitra et al., 1993:97).Table 5.8 displays median durations of postpartum amenorrhea, abstinence and insusceptibility byvarious background characteristics. Differences are small, except that women with more education haveshorter durations of postpartum amenorrhea and insusceptibility than women with no education. The medianduration of postpartum abstinence is 2 months for all subgroups of women; this finding is compatible withthe Muslim tradition of abstaining for 40 days following birth.Table 5.8 Median duration of postpartum insusceptibility by backgroundcharacteristicsMedian number of months of postpartum amenorrhea, postpartum abstinence, andpostpartum insusceptibility, by selected background characteristics, Bangladesh1993-94Postpartum NumberBackgroundcharacteristicPostpartumamenorrheaPostpartumabstinenceinsusceptibilityofwomenAge
5.7 Termination of Exposure to PregnancyThe risk of pregnancy declines with age, as increasing proportions of women become infecund.While the onset of infecundity is difficult to determine for an individual woman, there are ways of estimatingit for a population. Two indicators of decreasing exposure to the risk of pregnancy for women age 30 andolder are displayed in Table 5.9.The first, an indicator of menopause, is the proportion of currently married women who are neitherpregnant nor postpartum amenorrheic, but who have not had a menstrual period in the six months precedingthe survey. This proportion increases steadily with age, from 3 percent for women age 30-34 years to 50percent for women age 48-49.The second is an indicator of long-term abstinence. This is the proportion of currently marriedwomen who did not have sexual intercourse in the three years preceding the survey. As the table shows, longtermabstinence is not a major contributor to lower fertility. The proportion of women who did not havesexual intercourse in the three years preceding the survey is less than 2 percent except among those age 46-49,where it is 3~- percent.Table 5.9 Termination of exposure to the risk ofpregnancyIndicators of menopause and long-term abstinenceamong currently married women age 30-49, by age,Bangladesh 1993-94NumberAgeLong-termMenopause I abstinence 2ofwomen30-34 2.6 0.9 135335-39 4.6 1.5 107940~11 10.6 1.7 34942-4344-4515.225.11.51.628826646-47 36.3 2.7 21248-49 49.8 4.1 194Total 10.9 1.5 3741IPercentage of currently married women whose lastmenstrual period occurred six or more monthspreceding the survey or who report that they aremenopausal.2percentage of currently married women who did nothave intercourse in the three years preceding thesurvey.79
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Demographicand Health Survey1993-19
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This report summarizes the findings
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4.7 Reasons for Selecting Family Pl
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TABLESPageTable 1.1Table 2.1Table 2
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PageTable 5.5Table 5.6Table 5.7Tabl
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FIGURESPageFigure2.1Hguro2.2~gure2.
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Secretary,Ministry of Health & Fami
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1993-94 BDHS TECHNICAL REVIEW COMMI
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SUMMARY OF FINDINGSThe 1993-94 Bang
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almost universal in Bangladesh for
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fully vaccinated, a vast improvemen
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CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION1.1 Geography
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Fertility in Bangladesh is declinin
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Factors for Program SuccessNumerous
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Foundation, the Bangladesh Bureau o
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CHAPTER 2CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHO
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Figure 2.2Distribution of De Facto
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EducationEducation is a key determi
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with no education and more men than
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The majority (69 percent) of househ
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~l'able 2.9 Background characterist
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Access to MediaWomen were asked if
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for the whole country is 29 births
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Table 3.2 Fertility by background c
Page 56 and 57: Births per 1,000 Women3oo250 s ~Fig
Page 58 and 59: Figure 3.5Trends in the Total Ferti
Page 61 and 62: Table 3.9 Children ever born and li
Page 63 and 64: The data show that birth intervals
Page 65 and 66: Table 3.14 shows the percentage of
Page 67 and 68: CHAPTER 4FERTILITY REGULATION4.1 Kn
Page 69 and 70: Table 4.3 Differentials in knowledg
Page 71 and 72: Ever-use rates vary with the age of
Page 73 and 74: Table 4.7 Trends in current use of
Page 75 and 76: Table 4.8 Current use of fJ~,nily p
Page 77 and 78: Table 4.9 Trends in current use of
Page 79 and 80: Overall, 41 percent of respondents
Page 81 and 82: Use of Social Marketing BrandsBangl
Page 83 and 84: Table 4.16 Quality of pill usePerce
Page 85 and 86: Table 4.19 Use of condom brandsPerc
Page 87 and 88: Table4.21 StedlizationregretPercent
Page 89 and 90: The source a woman uses to obtain c
Page 91 and 92: Table 4.24 Reasons for discontinuat
Page 93 and 94: Table 4.26 Reasons for not using co
Page 95 and 96: Respondents were further asked whet
Page 97 and 98: Table 4.30 Contact with family plan
Page 99 and 100: CHAPTER 5OTHER PROXIMATE DETERMINAN
Page 101 and 102: Figure 5.1Trends in Proportion of W
Page 103 and 104: Table 5.4 Age at furst marriagePerc
Page 105: Table 5.6 indicates that a large ma
Page 110 and 111: Table 6.1 Fertility preferences by
Page 112 and 113: Table 6.2 Fertility preferences by
Page 114 and 115: 6.2 Need for Family Planning Servic
Page 116 and 117: Table 6.5 Ideal and actual number o
Page 118 and 119: Table 6.7 Fertility planning status
Page 120 and 121: Table 7.1 Infant and child mortalit
Page 122 and 123: Matlab area of Bangladesh. Infant m
Page 124 and 125: Table 7.4 Infant and child mortalit
Page 126 and 127: Column 3 of Table 7.5 shows the pro
Page 128 and 129: Table 8.1 Antenatal carePercent dis
Page 130 and 131: Pregnant women who seek antenatal c
Page 132 and 133: Table 8.4 Place of deliveryPercent
Page 134 and 135: 5 percent were assisted by doctors,
Page 136 and 137: 59 percent of children 12-23 months
Page 138 and 139: Trends in Vaccination CoverageA gen
Page 140 and 141: Overall, just over one-quarter (28
Page 142 and 143: Figure 8.4Percentage of Children un
Page 144 and 145: Prevalence of BreastfeedlngTable 8.
Page 146 and 147: The results shown in Table 8.13 ind
Page 148 and 149: The median duration of breastfeedin
Page 150 and 151: Table 9.2 Age differences between s
Page 152 and 153: When data on current contraceptive
Page 154 and 155: The data indicate that when husband
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There is a high degree of agreement
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Table 10.1 Distance to public servi
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All but a tiny fraction of family p
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MarriageA review of the role of the
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Unmet Need for Family PlanningThe f
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Family Planning Outreach/Satellite
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should be organized on a priority b
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REFERENCESArnold, Fred. 1990. Asses
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APPENDIX ASAMPLE IMPLEMENTATION
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APPENDIX BESTIMATES OF SAMPLING ERR
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The Jacknife repeated replication m
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Table B.2 Sampling errors - Nationa
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Table B.4 Sampling errors - Rural s
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Table B.6 Sampling errors - Chittag
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Table B.8 Sampling errors - Khuhaa,
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APPENDIX CDATA QUALITY
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Table C.1 Household age distributio
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C.2 FertilityThe low level of ferti
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Figure C.1Births by Calendar Year,
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This cursory inspection of the qual
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APPENDIX DQUESTIONNAIRES
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HOUSEHOLD SCHEDULENow we uoutd like
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NO.GUESTIONS AND FILTERS19 What is
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182
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SECTION 1.RESPONDEHTBS BACKGROUNDSK
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSCOOING CATE
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211 Now I would like to talk to you
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221CONPARE 208 WITH NIJI4BER OF BIR
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SECTION 3:COBTRACEPTION301 I No~ (
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NO.315 QhJch method are you using?3
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NO.J320B IQUESTIONS AND FILTERSSHOW
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NO.QUESTIONS AND FILTERSCODING CATE
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331 I would like to ask some questi
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SECTION 4A.PREGNANCY AND BREASTFEED
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430 Are you still braastfeedingCNAM
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442H442I442JAmong the I~rsons with
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BANELA~ BIRYHNEXT-TO'LAST BIRTHNAME
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RO. J501 JOUESTIORS AND FILTERSSECT
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SECTION 7.HUSBAND'S BACKGROUND, RES
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INTERVIEWER'S OBSERVATIONS(To be fi
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218
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SECTION 1.RESPONGENT'S BACKGROUND10
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~[CT|ON 2.REPROOUCTIOMNo. I 043ESTI
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SKIPRo. I QUESTIONS AND FILTERS I C
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NO. IQUESTIONS AND FILTERSCODING CA
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NO,502CHECK ]15:SECTION 5.FERTILITY
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INTERVIEWER'S OBSERVATIONS(To be fi
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i. GENERAL DESCRIPTIONNO.OUESTIONS
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HO.QUEST lOllSL19 t~hat services do
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NO.QUESTIONS CCOING CATEGORIES SKIP
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iO.9QUESTIONS COOING CATEGORIES SXI
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